• Investigative and Clinical Urology
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• 제59권6호
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• pp.363-370
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• 2018

Purpose: The aim of this study is to describe the technique and to report early results of transperineal magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography (MRI-US) fusion biopsy. Materials and Methods: A total of 75 patients underwent MRI-US fusion transperineal biopsy. Targeted biopsy via MRI-US fusion imaging was carried out for cancer-suspicious lesions with additional systematic biopsy. Detection rates for overall and clinically significant prostate cancer (csPCa) were evaluated and compared between systematic and targeted biopsy. In addition, further investigation into the detection rate according to prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) score was done. Results of repeat biopsies were also evaluated. Results: Overall cancer detection rate was 61.3% (46 patients) and the detection rate for csPCa was 42.7% (32 patients). Overall detection rates for systematic and targeted biopsy were 41.3% and 57.3% (p<0.05), respectively. Detection rates for csPCa were 26.7% and 41.3%, respectively (p<0.05). The cancer detection rates via MRI fusion target biopsy were 30.8% in PI-RADS 3, 62.1% in PI-RADS 4 and 89.4% in PI-RADS 5. Rates of csPCa missed by targeted biopsy and systematic biopsy were 0.0% and 25.0%, respectively. The cancer detection rate in repeat biopsies was 61.1% (11 among 18 patients) in which 55.5% of cancer suspected lesions were located in the anterior portion. Conclusions: Transperineal MRI-US fusion biopsy is useful for improving overall cancer detection rate and especially detection of csPCa. Transperineal MRI-US targeted biopsy show potential benefits to improve cancer detection rate in patients with high PIRADS score, tumor located at the anterior portion and in repeat biopsies.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.2156-2170
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• 2020

This paper presents a fire detection algorithm with a minimal false detection rate, intended for a thermal imaging surveillance environment, whose properties vary depending on temporal conditions of day or night and environmental changes. This algorithm was designed to minimize the false detection alarm rate while ensuring a high detection rate, as required in fire detection applications. It was necessary to reduce false fire detections due to non-flame elements occurring when existing fixed threshold-based fire detection methods were applied. To this end, adaptive flame thresholds that varied depending on the characteristics of input images, as well as the center of gravity of the heat-source and hot-source regions, were analyzed in an attempt to minimize such non-flame elements in the phase of selecting flame candidate blocks. Also, to remove any false detection elements caused by camera shaking, one of the most frequently raised issues at outdoor sites, preliminary decision thresholds were adaptively set to the motion pixel ratio of input images to maximize the accuracy of the preliminary decision. Finally, in addition to the preliminary decision results, the texture correlation and intensity of the flame candidate blocks were averaged for a specific period of time and tested for their conformity with the fire decision conditions before making the final decision. To verify the fire detection performance of the proposed algorithm, a total of ten test videos were subjected to computer simulation. As a result, the fire detection accuracy of the proposed algorithm was determined to be 94.24%, with minimum false detection, demonstrating its improved performance and practicality compared to previous fixed threshold-based algorithms.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권6호
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• pp.1194-1199
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• 2009

Heart rate may be a very important parameter in human health. To extract heart rate, the electrocardiogram(ECG) is commonly used. But the ECG acquisition procedure is very complex. On the other hand, the acquisition of pulse wave or photoplethysmogram(PPG) is very easy. However, the peak of PPG is not so sharp as ECG. This study tries to enhance the performance of peak detection in PPG signal. The method uses the average slopes around the main peak. The crossing point of the increasing and the decreasing slopes is selected as the peak point of heart rate period. The proposed method showed smoothed heart rate graph and reduced irregularity in heart rate values.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.189-195
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• 1990

During 9 months (March-November, 1989), observation of Leucocytozoon infection rate to blood and parenchymatous viscera (spleen, liver, heart) in Pusan, Gyeongnam (Kimhae, Yangsan) districts slaughtered chicken and the results obtained were as follow : 1. Among the blood smear sample of 213 heads of the chicken, 43 heads (20.2%) were infected with Leucocytozoon 2nd stage gametocyte and 4 heads (1.9%) were mixed infected with Leucocytozoon 5th stage gametocyte. 2. In histopathological detection of schizont in tissues section of spleen, liver and heart, there were 16.7% in spleen, 5.6％ in liver and 9.1％ in heart, mean detection rate were 10.6%. Spleen had the highest detection rate of schizont. 3. In seasonal-related Infection rate, summer was higher than spring.

• 한국ITS학회 논문지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.68-77
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• 2013

본 연구에서는 끼어들기 위반단속시스템 개발을 위한 교통정체판정방법에 대한 실험적 연구결과를 제시하였다. 해당 정체판정 방법은 정체를 검지하여 끼어들기 위반단속시스템의 최적 구동기준을 결정하는데 목적이 있다. ITS 분야에서 일반적으로 정체판정은 구간통행속도를 기준으로 한다. 그러나 영상검지 방식적용 시 속도오차 등으로 인해 정체판정의 오류가 높게 나타날 수 있으며, 본 연구에서는 현장실험을 통해 속도와 점유율을 종합적으로 고려한 방식을 제시하였다. 현장실험 결과 영상검지체계 기반의 끼어들기위반 단속시스템에서 정체판정 기준으로 속도의 경우 20km/h, 점유율의 경우 60% 이상의 조건을 적용할 경우 실제 정체상황과 같은 결과를 얻을 수 있었고, 정확도를 높일 수 있었다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.465-472
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• 2018

Our aim was to determine the detection rate of respiratory viruses (RVs) in feces of patients with acute viral respiratory infection (AVRI) and the detection rate of diarrheal viruses (DVs) in nasopharyngeal samples from patients with acute viral gastroenteritis. The relationships between the presence of fecal RVs or nasopharyngeal DVs and their impacts on the clinical severity were also investigated. A total of 144 fecal specimens were collected from AVRI patients and 95 nasopharyngeal specimens were collected from acute viral gastroenteritis patients. Clinical characteristics and laboratory profiles were compared between subgroups on the basis of the presence or absence of virus in the specimens. The detection rate of RVs in feces was 17.4% (25/144), whereas the detection rate for viruses identical to the respiratory pathogen was 10.4% (identical group, 15/144). Within the identical group, adenovirus (86.7%, 13/15) was most commonly found. Patients in the identical group showed statistically higher values for C-reactive protein, mean age, increased frequency of vomiting, and decreased frequency of chest film involvement and cough (p < 0.05). The detection rate of nasopharyngeal DVs among acute viral gastroenteritis patients was 19.0% (18/95), and in the identical group it was 15.8% (15/95). Norovirus group II and enteric adenovirus were the major pathogens detected in the identical group. There were no significant differences in clinical characteristics and laboratory profiles between the subgroups. In conclusion, the major pathogens of fecal RV and nasopharyngeal DV were adenovirus and norovirus group II, respectively. However, their relationship with the clinical symptoms or disease severity is unclear.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.91-103
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• 1995

The reaction rate, equilibrium, and flow injection analysis methods were fundamentally evaluated for the determination of aqueous ammonia. The selected indophenol blue method was based on the formation of indophenol blue in which ammonium ion reacted with hypochlorite and phenol in alkaline solution. In the optimized reaction condition, the reaction followed 1st order reaction kinetics and the final product was stable. The absorbance measurements before and after the equilibrium were utilized for the reaction rate and equilibrium methods. The reaction rate methods, based on the relative analytical signals for the possibility of eliminating interferents, were shown to have good linear calibration curves but the detection limit and the calibration sensitivity were poorer than those in the equilibrium method. The detection limits were 32-49 pub and 24 pub for the reaction rate and equilibrium methods, respectively In the flow injection analysis, the absorbance was measured before the equilibrium reached and thus resulted in 30% reduction of calibration sensitivity. However, the detection limit was 11 ppb, indicating that the peak-to-peak noise for the blank was remarkably improved. Compared to the manual methods, the optimized experimental condition in a closed reaction system reduced the blank absorbance and the inclusion of ammonia from the atmosphere was prevented. In addition, highly reproducible mixing of sample and reagents and analytical data extracted from continuous recording showed excellent reproducibility.

• International Journal of Reliability and Applications
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• 제17권2호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2016

We are enjoying a very comfortable life thanks to modern civilization, however, comfort is not guaranteed to us. Development of software system is a difficult and complex process. Therefore, the main focus of software development is on improving the reliability and stability of a software system. We have become aware of the importance of developing software reliability models and have begun to develop software reliability models. NHPP software reliability models have been developed through the fault intensity rate function and the mean value functions within a controlled testing environment to estimate reliability metrics such as the number of residual faults, failure rate, and reliability of the software. In this paper, we present a new NHPP software reliability model with Burr Type III fault detection rate, and present the goodness-of-fit of the fault detection rate software reliability model and other NHPP models based on two datasets of software testing data. The results show that the proposed model fits significantly better than other NHPP software reliability models.

• Journal of Yeungnam Medical Science
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• 제36권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2019

Background: Transforaminal epidural block (TFEB) is an effective treatment option for radicular pain. To reduce complications from intravascular injection during TFEB, use of imaging modalities such as real-time fluoroscopy (RTF) or digital subtraction angiography (DSA) has been recommended. In this study, we investigated whether DSA improved the detection of intravascular injection during TFEB at the whole spine level compared to RTF. Methods: We prospectively examined 316 patients who underwent TFEB. After confirmation of final needle position using biplanar fluoroscopy, 2 mL of nonionic contrast medium was injected at a rate of 0.5 mL/s under RTF; 30 s later, 2 mL of nonionic contrast medium was injected at a rate of 0.5 mL/s under DSA. Results: Thirty-six intravascular injections were detected for an overall rate of 11.4% using RTF, with 45 detected for a rate of 14.2% using DSA. The detection rate using DSA was statistically different from that using RTF (p=0.004). DSA detected a significantly higher proportion of intravascular injections at the cervical level than at the thoracic (p=0.009) and lumbar (p=0.011) levels. Conclusion: During TFEB at the whole spine level, DSA was better than RTF for the detection of intravascular injection. Special attention is advised for cervical TFEB, because of a significantly higher intravascular injection rate at this level than at other levels.

• Clinical Endoscopy
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• 제55권3호
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• pp.332-338
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• 2022

Continuous measurement of quality indicators (QIs) should be a routine part of colonoscopy, as a wide variation still exists in the performance and quality levels of colonoscopy in Korea. Among the many QIs of colonoscopy, the adenoma detection rate, average withdrawal time, bowel preparation adequacy, and cecal intubation rate should be monitored in daily clinical practice to improve the quality of the procedure. The adenoma detection rate is the best indicator of the quality of colonoscopy; however, it has many limitations for universal use in daily practice. With the development of natural language processing, the adenoma detection rate is expected to become more effective and useful. It is important that colonoscopists do not strictly and mechanically maintain an average withdrawal time of 6 minutes but instead perform careful colonoscopy to maximally expose the colonic mucosa with a withdrawal time of at least 6 minutes. To achieve adequate bowel preparation, documentation of bowel preparation with the Boston Bowel Preparation Scale (BBPS) should be a routine part of colonoscopy. When colonoscopists routinely followed the bowel preparation protocols, ≥85% of outpatient screening colonoscopies had a BBPS score of ≥6. In addition, the cecal intubation rate should be ≥95% of all screening colonoscopies. The first step in improving colonoscopy quality in Korea is to apply these key performance measurements in clinical practice.