• 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정보통신학회 2021년도 추계학술대회
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• pp.183-185
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• 2021

혈액에서 박테리아를 검출하는 것은 의학 및 컴퓨터비전 영역에서 중요한 연구가 될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 캐글에서 획득한 366장의 암시야 현미경 영상에서 혈액 내 박테리아를 검출하는 방법을 제안한다. 영상처리 기법을 이용한 전처리작업 및 데이터 증강을 통해 학습 데이터세트를 구축하고, 이를 학습하기 위한 딥러닝 모델을 정의한다. 실험 결과 제안된 딥러닝 모델은 암시야 현미경 영상에서 적혈구와 박테리아를 효과적으로 검출하는 것을 확인하였다. 본 논문에서는 비교적 간단한 모델을 사용하여 학습하였으나, 보다 깊은 모델을 활용하면 더 정확한 결과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 약학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.187-192
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• 1993

Approximately 1% of intestinal bacteria of human and rats was alkalotolerant. Among these bacteria of human, bacteria producing $\beta$-glucosidase, $\beta$-glucuronidase and sulfotransferase were 40%, 4% and 0%, respectively. Among alkalotolerant intestinal bacteria of rats, bacteria producing, these enzymes were 70%, 8% and 0%, respectively. $\beta$-Glucosidase and $\beta$-glucuronidase of alkalotolerant intestinal bacteria of human and rat were induced by the medium of high pH: these enzymes activities were increased by elevating pH of the medium, but the growths were not changed. The enzyme activities at the medium of pH 7 were about ten-fold higher than those at the medium of pH 6.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.248-259
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• 2021

BACKGROUND: Contaminated water was a major source of food-borne pathogens in various recent fresh produce-related outbreaks. This study was conducted to investigate the microbial contamination level and correlations between the level of sanitary indicator bacteria and the detection ratio of pathogens in agricultural water by logistic regression analysis. METHODS AND RESULTS: Agricultural water was collected from 457 sites including surface water (n=300 sites) and groundwater (n=157 sites) in South Korea from 2018 to 2020. Sanitary indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Escherichia coli) and food-borne pathogens (pathogenic E. coli, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella spp., and Listeria monocytogenes) were analyzed. In surface water, the coliform, fecal coliform, and E. coli were 3.27±0.89 log CFU/100 mL, 1.90±1.19 log CFU/100 mL, and 1.39±1.26 log CFU/100 mL, respectively. For groundwater, three kinds of sanitary indicators ranged in the level from 0.09 - 0.57 log CFU/100 mL. Pathogenic E. coli, Salmonella and Listeria monocytogenes were detected from 3%-site, 1.5%- site, and 0.6%-site water samples, respectively. According to the results of correlations between the level of sanitary indicator bacteria and the detection ratio of pathogens by logistic regression analysis, the probability of pathogen detection increased individually by 1.45 and 1.34 times as each total coliform and E. coli concentration increased by 1 log CFU/100mL. The accuracy of the model was 70.4%, and sensitivity and specificity were 81.5% and 51.7%, respectively. CONCLUSION(S): The results indicate the need to manage the microbial risk of agricultural water to enhance the safety of fresh produce. In addition, logistic regression analysis is useful to analyze the correlation between the level of sanitary indicator bacteria and the detection ratio of pathogens in agricultural water.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.343-350
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• 2023

Background: Digital panoramic dental X-ray equipment (PDX) is frequently used by patients and dental workers for diagnosis and examination in dental institutions; however, infection control has not been properly implemented. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to systematically review the potential risk of cross-infection in the dental environment by investigating the contamination level of general aerobic bacteria and Staphylococcus aureus, which are important in hospital infections, in PDX areas that people mainly contact. Methods: This survey was conducted from March to May 2023 and covered one general hospital, three dental hospitals, and nine dental clinics equipped with PDX. Bacteria samples were collected from the left-handle, right-handle, forehead support, and head side support as the patient's contact areas, as well as the X-ray exposure switch and left-click mouse button as the dental hygienist's contact areas of the PDX. The collected bacteria were spread on Petrifilm, and colonies formed after 48 hours of culture were counted. Results: General aerobic bacteria and S. aureus were detected in all areas investigated. Significant differences in bacterial counts between different regions of the PDX were observed in both groups (p<0.001). The detection rates of general aerobic bacteria (p<0.001) and S. aureus (p<0.001) were significantly higher in the contact areas of patients than those of dental hygienists. A positive correlation was observed between the forehead and the temple region in terms of general aerobic bacteria and S. aureus detection (r=1) (p<0.01). Conclusion: Taken together, the presence of many bacteria, including S. aureus, detected in PDX indicates that PDX has a potential cross-infection risk. Our results therefore highlight the need for the development of appropriate disinfection protocols for reusable medical devices such as PDX and periodic infection prevention training for hospital-related workers, including dental hygienists.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• 제64권6호
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• pp.260-268
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• 2021

Since the 2000s, the major causes of acute gastroenteritis in children in Korea have been identified by classifying the pathogens into viruses, bacteria, and protozoa. For viruses, the detection rate is 20%-30%, and norovirus is being increasingly detected to account for the majority of viral gastroenteritis cases. In addition, despite the dissemination of the rotavirus vaccine, many rotavirus infections persist, and its seasonal distribution is changing. The detection rate of bacterial pathogens is 3%-20%, with Escherichia coli and Salmonella spp. infections being the most common, while the incidences of Bacillus cereus and Campylobacter spp. infections are gradually increasing. Owing to intermittent outbreaks of gastroenteritis caused by individual bacteria as well as the inflow of causative bacteria, such as E. coli, Vibrio spp., and Campylobacter spp., from overseas, continuous surveillance of and research into the characteristics and serotypes of each bacterium are needed.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2003

형광현미경을 이용한 기존의 직접생균수측정(DVC)법을 변형하여 산림토양의 각 층위에 분포하는 난배양성 토양세균의 정량적 평가를 시도하였다. 기존의 방법에서 사용된 DNA합성저해제(nalidixic acid; 100${\mu}g$/ml, pipemidic acid; 50 ${\mu}g$/ml, piromidic acid; 50 ${\mu}g$/ml)보다 5배 높은 농도를 사용한 결과 토양세균 군집의 세포분열이 배양24시간까지 분히 억제되어 기존의 DVC법보다 10배 이상 높은 계수치를 얻었다. 토양시료를 제균수로 원심 세척한 경우 DVC는 전균수(TDC)의 약 I% 미만을 나타내어 첨가된 기질의 이용능을 정확히 판정할 수 있었다. 형광현미경을 이용하여 DVC법에 의해 검출된 생균수는 전균수의 18-44%를 나타내었고, 평판법(PC)에 의해 계수된 생균수는 전균수의 1% 미만을 나타내어 DVC법이 평판법에 비해 100-2000배 이상 높은 계수치를 나타내었다. 이는 평판법으로는 배양할 수 없는 난배양성(VBNC)세균이 토양 내에 다수 존재해 있음으로 판단되었고, DVC법에 의해 난배양성 토양세균을 정량적으로 검출할 수 있는 가능성이 확인되었다. 영양기질로써 통상농도의 NB배지와 NB를 $10^{-2}$로 희석한 DNB배지를 사용하여 DVC법과 평판법에 의한 계수 결과를 비교한 결과 모든 시료에서 DNB배지에서의 생균수는 NB배지보다 5～10배 이상 높은 값을 나타내어 산림토양의 각 층위에 저영양세균(oligotrophic bacteria)이 다수 분포해 있음으로 추정되었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.54-65
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• 2002

Black-pigmented bacteria have been implicated in the endodontic infections. This group of microorganisms includes Porphyromonas endodontalis, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Prevotella intermedia, and Prevotella nigrescens. The organisms display a wide variety of virulence factors that may be pertinent to acute endodontic infections. The aim of this study was to identify P. endodontalis, P. gingivalis, P. intermedia, and P. nigrescens by using special potency disk test, filter paper spot test, 165 rRNA gene-directed PCR, and API 32A. Microbial samples were collected from root canals of 33 intact teeth with necrotic pulp and/or apical periodontitis. Conventional laboratory methods were used for identification of the strains of black pigmented bacteria. Eighteen of 33 samples were positive for the growth of black-pigmented bacteria Five colonies were cultured from each pure cultured colonies from Brucella agar plate. Seventy seven colonies were positive for the growth of black-pigmented bacteria. Thirty three of 77(42.6%) were identifed as P. nigrescens, 10 of 77(12.9%)were P. gingivalis, 6 of 77(7.8%) were P. endodontalis, 10 of 77(12.9%) were P. intermedia. On the contrary the reference strains of P. nigrescens, experimental strains of P nigrescens was sensitive to kanamycin in special potency disk test. 165 rRNA gene PCR and API test after rapid presumptative identification methods, such as special potency disk test and filter paper spot test, would be accurate detection methods for black-pigemented bacteria.

• 식물병과 농업
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.27-33
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• 1999

Frost injury of crops is closely related to the epiphytic population dynamics of ice nucleation-active (INA) bacteria, and the injury can be reduced by decreasing the INA bacterial population. In order to predict the epiphytic population of INA bacteria on crops, a rapid and accurate detection method has to be developed. In the previous report, we produced some antibodies against INA proteins purified from the outer membrane of INA bacteria. However it was difficult to produce the antibodies because the purification procedures of the INA proteins were complicated, and the final yield was too low. We designed a specific peptide from the N-terminal region of INA protein by computer analysis and synthesized the peptide in vitro in this experiment. The peptide sequence was Asp-Ser-Por-Leu-Ser-Leu-His-Ala-Asp, that is corresponding to the highly conserved region in several INA proteins, with predicted beta turn, coiling, and hydrophilic region. A polyclonal anti-INA peptide antiserum produced specifically recognized INA bacteria as few as 10 colony-forming units (CFU) in the ELISA reactions and did not respond to other non-INA bacteria. Serological specificity of the anti-INA peptide antiserum will facilitate the forecasting of the INA bacterial population dynamics on crops.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.38-43
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• 2016

Novel and specific recognition elements are of central importance in the development of a pathogen detection method. Here, we describe a simple method for identifying the cell-wall binding domain (CBD) from a sequenced bacterial genome employing homology search for phage lysin genes. A putative CBD (CPF369_CBD) was identified from a genome of Clostridium perfringens type strain ATCC 13124, and its function was studied with the CBD-GFP fusion protein recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli. Fluorescence microscopy showed the specific binding of the fusion protein to C. perfringens cells, which demonstrates the potential of this method for the identification of novel bioprobes for specific detection of pathogenic bacteria.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제23권12호
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• pp.1717-1725
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• 2013

Traditional soybean paste from Shandong Liangshan and Tianyuan Jiangyuan commercial soybean paste were chosen for analysis and comparison of their bacterial and fungal dynamics using denaturing gel gradient electrophoresis and 16S rRNA gene clone libraries. The bacterial diversity results showed that more than 20 types of bacteria were present in traditional Shandong soybean paste during its fermentation process, whereas only six types of bacteria were present in the commercial soybean paste. The predominant bacteria in the Shandong soybean paste were most closely related to Leuconostoc spp., an uncultured bacterium, Lactococcus lactis, Bacillus licheniformis, Bacillus spp., and Citrobacter freundii. The predominant bacteria in the Tianyuan Jiangyuan soybean paste were most closely related to an uncultured bacterium, Bacillus licheniformis, and an uncultured Leuconostoc spp. The fungal diversity results showed that 10 types of fungi were present in the Shandong soybean paste during the fermentation process, with the predominant fungi being most closely related to Geotrichum spp., an uncultured fungal clone, Aspergillus oryzae, and yeast species. The predominant fungus in the commercial soybean paste was Aspergillus oryzae.