• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.449-461
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• 2018

The load sharing ratio (${\alpha}_{pr}$) of piles is one of the most common problems in the preliminary design of piled raft foundations. A series of 3D numerical analysis are conducted so that special attentions are given to load sharing characteristics under varying conditions, such as pile configuration, pile diameter, pile length, raft thickness, and settlement level. Based on the 3D FE analysis, influencing factors on load sharing behavior of piled raft are investigated. As a result, it is shown that the load sharing ratio of piled raft decreases with increasing settlement level. The load sharing ratio is not only highly dependent on the system geometries of the foundation but also on the settlement level. Based on the results of parametric studies, the load sharing ratio is proposed as a function of the various influencing factors. In addition, the parametric analyses suggest that the load sharing ratios to minimize the differential settlement of piled raft are ranging from 15 to 48% for friction pile and from 15 to 54% for end-bearing pile. The recommendations can provide a basis for an optimum design that would be applicable to piled rafts taking into account the load sharing characteristics.

• Journal of Ocean Engineering and Technology
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.294-302
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• 2016

Because of the importance of steel material saving and rational ship structural design due to the rapid increase in steel prices, a ship structural design system was developed for plate members reinforced by doubler plates subjected to biaxial in-plane compressive loads. This paper mainly emphasizes the design system improvement and upgrade according to the change in the in-plane loading condition of the doubler plate from the single load discussed in a previous paper to the biaxial in-plane compressive load discussed in this paper. A direct design process by a structural designer was added to this developed optimized system to increase the design efficiency and provide a way of directly inserting a designer's decisions into the design system process. As the second stage of preliminary steps of doubler design system development, design formulas subjected to these biaxial loads used in the doubler plate design system were suggested. Based on the introduction of influence coefficients $K_t_c$, $K_t_d$, $K_b_d$ and $K_a_d$ based on the variations in the doubler length, breadth, doubler thickness, and average corrosion thickness of the main plate reinforced by the doubler plate, respectively, the design formulas for the equivalent plate thickness of the main plate reinforced by the doubler plate were also developed, and a hybrid design system using these formulas was suggested for the doubler plate of a ship structure subjected to a biaxial in-plane compressive load. Using this developed design system for a main plate reinforced by a doubler plate was expected to result in a more rational reinforced doubler plate design considering the efficient reinforcement of ship plate members subjected to these biaxial loads. Additionally, a more detail structural analysis through local strength evaluations will be performed to verify the efficiency of the optimum structural design for a plate member reinforced by a doubler plate.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.7 no.3 s.24
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• pp.39-47
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• 2004

Micro gas turbines are designed with low turbine inlet temperature and pressure ratio. To overcome the efficiency defect of the simple cycle, adoption of the recuperator is an inevitable choice. In addition to the design performance, we should also pay attention to the off-design performance of gas turbines since they usually operate at part-load conditions lot a considerable amount of their lifetime. This study analyzes off-design performance characteristics of micro gas turbines and addresses the importance of the recuperation process doting the part load operation. Comparative analyses have been performed to evaluate the part load performance differences among various design and operating options : simple vs recuperative cycles, single vs two shaft configurations, various operating strategies for the single shaft configuration, and current vs advanced engines. Major finding is that maintaining high turbine exhaust temperature is crucial for efficient operation of micro gas turbines.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.17 no.7 s.94
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• pp.1761-1771
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• 1993

In this paper, the design of thick laminated composite plate subjected to thermal buckling load under uniform temperature distribution is presented. In the design procedures of composite laminated plates for maximum thermal buckling load. the finite element method based on shear deformed theory is used for the analysis or laminated plates. One-demensional search method is used to find optimal fiber orientation and, in the next step, optimal thickness is investigated. Design variables such as fiber orientation and ply thicknesses coefficient of plates are adopted. The optimal design for the symmetric or antisymmetric laminated plates consisted of 4 layers with maximum thermal buckling load is performed.

• Computational Structural Engineering
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 1990

The current load combination criteria for design of nuclear power plant structures(NPP) are not based on the probability-based design concept but rely on the conventional design concept. In this paper, a load combination criteria for design of NPP containment structures are proposed based on a FEM-based random vibration analysis. More accurate reliability analyses under various dynamic loads such as earthquake loads were made possible by incorporating the FEM and random vibration theory, which is different from the conventional reliability analysis method, In this paper, the toad factors for the design of NPP structures in Korea are proposed by considering appropriate load combination criteria for design.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.779-788
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• 2013

The load requirements should be known to design mechanical structure. This paper proposes a generation method of load requirements using U.S. military specification to design the external mounting structure of the helicopters of which the flight environments such as aerodynamic forces and inertia forces are unknown. In this study, the load requirements which were applied at the design of the pod structure for helicopter captive flight test could be computed by using this method. The validation of proposed method was confirmed from the test flight using developed pod system.

• 한국태양에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2011.04a
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• pp.48-53
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• 2011

In this study, it is to verify the applicability for a simplified model(IEC61400-2, Design Require-ments for Small Wind Turbines, 2006-03) is the international standard is used to the structural design. In the design process of a wind turbine, the safety of a designed wind turbine is one of the most important factors. The simplified model can be used to determine the design load for small wind turbines. So, this paper has been re-evaluated a small wind turbine design loads that produced already. As a result, the material characteristic value(Rchar) of Blade, Rotor shaft and the tower are $90E6[N/m^2]$, $441E6[N/m^2]$ and $94E6[N/m^2]$. Therefore, the value of the applied safety factor to each part of the survival probability of 95% are satisfied.

• Journal of applied mathematics & informatics
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• v.14 no.1_2
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• pp.343-351
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• 2004

In order to maintain load balancing in a distributed system, we should obtain workload information from all the nodes on network. This processing requires $O(v^2)$ communication overhead, where v is the number of nodes. In this paper, we present a new synchronous dynamic distributed load balancing algorithm on a (v, k ＋ 1, 1)-configured network applying a symmetric balanced incomplete block design, where $v\;=\;k^2$\;＋\;k\;＋\;1$. Our algorithm needs only $O(\sqrt[v]{v})$ communication overhead and each node receives workload information from all the nodes without redundancy. Therefore, load balancing is maintained since every link has the same amount of traffic for transferring workload information.

• Journal of Korean Association for Spatial Structures
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• v.16 no.2
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• pp.69-77
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• 2016

The purpose of this study is to present a method that can estimate the height of reaction facilities for large structural experiment through load flow as primary design procedure. The characteristic of the load transmission according to the type of experiment was analyzed to obtain tensile and compressive forces occurring on the reaction facilities. Strong walls that are affected by the bending moment is applied the post-tensioning method, and the strong floor under the control of the tension and compression is designed in accordance with the load flow. And the optimum cross-section of the reaction facilities was obtained by comparing the stresses of the tensile stress and crack the concrete. Through validating elastic analysis, the design results were satisfied a given design conditions.

• Computational Structural Engineering : An International Journal
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.11-20
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• 2001

The paper describes the conceptual design, structural modelling and wind load analysis of tall buildings. The lateral stiffness of the building can be obtained economically through the interaction of core walls with peripheral frame tube and/or bundle of frame tubes and integrated design of the basement. The main structural components should be properly distributed such that the building will deflect mainly in the direction of the applied force without inducing significant response in other directions and twist. The cost effectiveness can be further enhanced through close consultation between architects and engineers at an early stage of conceptual design. Simplified structural modelling of the building and its response in three principal directions due to wind load are included. Effects of the two main structural components on the performances of a 70-story reinforced concrete building in terms of peak drift and maximum acceleration under wind load are discussed.