• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.12 no.8
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• pp.91-102
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• 2014

Purpose - Today, the importance of the service industry has increased. Social welfare businesses that follow the non-profit principle have neglected the distribution of the service. However, an intangible service, when produced and consumed, has a similar service delivery system to common service distribution and social welfare. Therefore, the author has assumed the efficiency of the service delivery system of social welfare to be equivalent to the service distribution industry. Hence, various kinds of social welfare services for the prevention of elderly suicide, from the perspective of distribution, are discussed. Studies on generational relations have thus far investigated depression from parent-children conflict, and satisfaction with their lives. Studies on the relationship between family solidarity and elderly suicide by analyzing existing social problems are rare. This study investigated the effects of family solidarity between old parents and adult children upon elderly suicide by analyzing serious psychological and social problems. This study revealed basic measures for elderly suicide prevention through services that could elevate family solidarity from the perspective of social welfare service distribution. Research design, data, and methodology - The subjects were 468 elderly, 65 years or older, at 18 senior welfare centers and halls for the elderly at Seoul and Gyeonggi-do. Questionnaire surveys, excluding invalid answers, were analyzed. Convenience sampling was used from February 5, 2014 to March 5, 2014. The findings were: First, women and those having spouses with advanced educational backgrounds and social activities had primary solidarity such as contact solidarity, affectionate solidarity, functional solidarity (giving help), and functional solidarity (receiving help). In addition, those who had good health, from a subjective point of view, had more solidarity. Second, the elderly who were men and single, and who had poorer educational backgrounds thought of suicide, lacked social activities, and had poor health, from a subjective point of view. Third, family solidarity between old parents and adult children had significantly negative influence on the suicidal ideation of the elderly. Results - The study revealed the following implications. First, the preparation for old age should consider not only economic welfare but also the psychological welfare due to the relationship with children. Second, the phenomenon of elderly suicide because of a lack of family solidarity could increase national loss and have great influence upon welfare in old age. Therefore, planning of welfare services for the elderly should consider the value of relationships with children to improve the psychological welfare of the elderly. Third, the social expenses of government-oriented support for parents should be discussed from the people's point of view. Conclusions - The subjects of the study comprised the elderly at Seoul and Gyenggi-do; therefore, it would be difficult to extrapolate the findings to all the elderly in the nation. The subject visited senior welfare centers as well as halls for the elderly; therefore, it would be difficult to assume that the trends were representative of the elderly in the nation.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.30 no.5
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• pp.530-535
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• 2019

In this study, an optimization for the emulsification process with coconut oil and sugar ester was performed in conjunction with the central composite design (CCD) model of response surface methodology (RSM). Response values for the CCD model were the viscosity of the emulsion, mean droplet size, and emulsion stability index (ESI) after 7days from the reaction. On the other hand, the emulsification time, emulsification rate, and amount of emulsifier were selected as quantitative factors. According to the result of CCD, optimum conditions for the emulsification were as follows; the emulsification time of 22.63 min, emulsification speed of 6,627.41 rpm, and amount of emulsifier of 2.29 wt.%. Under these conditions, the viscosity, mean droplet size, and emulsion stability index (ESI) after 7 days from reaction were estimated as 1,707.56 cP, 1877.05 nm, and 93.23%, respectively. The comprehensive satisfaction of the CCD was indicated as 0.8848 with an average error of $1.2{\pm}0.1%$ from the experiment compared to that of the theoretical one. Overall, a very low error rate could be obtained when the central composite model was applied to the optimized coconut oil to water emulsification.

• Journal of The Korean Association of Information Education
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.395-413
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• 2019

The purpose of this study is to explore non-major students' perception and experiences in college software education. For this, we analyzed the reflection journals of 36 non-major students in D University based on the Consensual Qualitative Research(CQR). As a result, there was not general core concept to all students nor a typical core concept that appeared to more than 50% students. However, various variable core concepts could be derived. Overall, 57 variable concepts were derived from experience in SW education and 7 variable concepts for perception of SW education. Based on this result, we found many of non-major students feel difficulty from unfamiliarity to SW education. Also, many students have satisfaction in their perception to SW education about personalized learning that their professor provided in the class. Lastly, we conclude that a methodology for SW education needs to have a careful operation strategy and interactive design. Although this study has not been able to elucidate general core concepts that appear to all learners, it has significant implication in terms of providing various implicit core concepts and suggestions for effective software education for non-major students.

• Journal of Aerospace System Engineering
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• v.15 no.5
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• pp.8-15
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• 2021

This paper describes a design method using an optimization technique to satisfy the longitudinal handling quality of high maneuverable jet aircraft. The dynamic inversion technique was applied to the target aircraft, and the control gain optimization satisfied the longitudinal short-period handling quality, however, the stability margin was not considered. If the stability margin is not satisfied, it is necessary to directly readjust the gains through trial and error methods for improvement. To improve this, an additional compensator and an optimization constraint were added to the control gain optimization procedure. In addition, the degree of handling quality satisfaction with the optimization result was reevaluated, and additional control evaluation criteria for the convergence of the time response and the steady state error that the flight performance requirement set as the optimization constraint cannot be reflected, and the results are described.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.10
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• pp.343-352
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• 2021

A convergence study was conducted to develop a smartphone application for self-practice of core nursing skills and evaluate its usefulness for undergraduate nursing students. Mobile Application Rating Scale and seven essay questionnaire were used to for usability evaluation among 22 undergraduate nursing students. The score of the information domain was the highest with 4.19(SD 0.79). The subjective quality domain showed the lowest score of 3.08(SD 0.87). Participants' performance confidence score was 8.23(SD 1.60), and learning satisfaction score was 7.89(SD 0.87). Participants reported that the convenience and repetitive self-learning were the strengths of the app. In addition, design and technical supplementation, and lecturer-feedback would improve effectiveness of the current educational app. Findings of this convergent study would be helpful to promote the application of mobile apps for effective self-learning of core nursing skills in undergraduate nursing education. Future resesarch is needed to examine effectiveness study of mobile app on the performance of core nursing skills.

• Knowledge Management Research
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.253-271
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• 2021

Due to the spread of COVID-19, the use of O2O order·delivery applications are becoming very common. Unlike the past, where customers could choose the desired transaction method and channel, these days, where customers' choices are very limited, it is urgent to consider the concept of shadow labor which has been hindered by the convenience and the benefits of order·delivery app. To this end, in this study, the service quality factors perceived by users of O2O order·delivery app and their shadow work attributes were identified, and priorities according to their relative importance and satisfaction level were suggested. In order to fulfill research objectives, first, after collecting user reviews for an O2O order·delivery app, the subject words were derived using topic modeling. Research variables were selected by linking 11 keywords with the concepts of previous studies on service quality of mobile apps and those about shadow labor. Eight variables of usefulness, ease of use, stability, design quality, personalization, responsiveness, update, and presence were selected. Based on 32 measurement items from the variables, a revised IPA was conducted, and finally, 'keep', 'concentrate', 'low priority', or 'overkill' service quality factors are revealed.

• Applied Chemistry for Engineering
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.168-173
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• 2021

In this study, we measured total flavonoids after extracting the total flavonoids from lemongrass which is known to have a high content of antioxidant ingredients when using microwave energy. Also, optimal extraction conditions of active ingredients using central composite design-response surface methodology (CCD-RSM) were presented. Both ultrapure water and alcohol were used as extraction solvents and the volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water, microwave irradiation time, and microwave irradiation power were set as independence variables. And the extraction yield and total flavonoids were measured. The optimal extraction conditions using CCD-RSM were the volume ratio of ethanol/ultrapure water = 56.3 vol.%, the microwave irradiation time = 6.1 min, and the microwave irradiation power = 574.6 W. We could also obtain expected results of yield = 17.2 wt.% and total flavonoids = 44.7 ㎍ QE/mL dw under the optimum conditions. The comprehensive satisfaction degree of this formula was 0.8562. The P-value was calculated for the yield of 0.037 and the total flavonoids content of 0.002. The average error from actual experiments established for the verification of conclusions was lower than 2.5%. Therefore, a high favorable level could be obtained when the CCD-RSM was applied to the optimization of extraction process.

• Survey Research
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.127-147
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• 2017

Despite the importance of questionnaires, little survey methodology research on questionnaire design has been conducted in Korea. The purpose of this study was to explore whether two questionnaire forms (close-ended vs. open-ended questions) about 'the most important problem in Korea' elicited similar responses. During the 2016 Korean General Social Survey (KGSS), a random half of respondents were asked the open-ended question form and the remaining half were asked the close-ended question form. While the economy is the most mentioned response (35% vs. 33.2%) to both close-ended and open-ended question forms, there is similarity in the order of highly mentioned responses if we consider that 'politics' is not provided as one of response categories in the close-ended question form. The order of second to fourth response category is crime (24.4%), education (15.4%), and poverty (6.3%) to the closed-ended question form, and politics (10.8%), crime (9.5%), and education (7.6%) to the open-ended question form. Also, the characteristics of respondents who responded with the economy as being the most important are slightly different between the two halves in terms of age, household income, and satisfaction with economic condition. Our findings suggest that we need to be careful when we adopt questions developed in other countries and to consider using survey experiments in pre-testing questionnaire items.

• Journal of vocational education research
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.31-53
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• 2018

Uncertainty of career environment driven by globalization and shift of employment context drives heavy competition of labor market and anxiety of employment for individuals. New career paradigm based on this environmental change puts emphasis on subjective career success from individual's viewpoint as important career outcome and individual's proactive career development efforts. In addition to this, importance of person-environment fit and person-job fit is growing in relationship between career planning and career success. Based on this perspective, this study aims to identify whether person-environment fit and person-job fit mediate the relationship between career development and subjective career success. Data analysis of questionnaire from 220 employees showed that both fits mediate the relationship. This result implies that individual's proactive career planning is critical to career success and this strengthens one's satisfaction to organization and job. To organization, strategies need to be developed to design career development of employees' based on their career needs and organizational intervention such as job-rotation system.

• Journal of the Korean Geosynthetics Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.37-44
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• 2019

The compressive strength of the soil stabilizer in the deep mixing method (DMM) depends on kinds of soil, particle size distribution, and water content. Because of this, Laboratory test has to perform to estimate the unit weight of binder to confirm the satisfaction of the design strength. In this study, uniaxial compression strength was measured by mixing the soil stabilizers developed in the previous study with clay in Busan, Yeosu, and Incheon area. And the strength enhancement effect was evaluated comparing with blast furnace slag cement (BFSC). Also, the relationship between the unit content of binder and uniaxial compressive strength was investigated in order to easily calculate the unit weight of binder required to ensure the stability of the ground at the field. As the results of the analysis, the relationship between the unit content of binder and the uniaxial compressive strength are ${\gamma}_B=(108.93+0.0284q_u){\pm}35$ when W/B is 70%, and ${\gamma}_B=(122.93+0.0270q_u){\pm}40$ when W/B is 80%.