• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1988.10b
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• pp.1014-1017
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• 1988

Direct-drive robots have excellent features including no backlash, small friction, and high mechanical stiffness. However, dynamic coupling among joints as well as nonlinear effects become more prominent than traditional robots with reducers. Another critical issue is that the robot becomes more sensitive to the change of load. In this paper, we develop a simple current feedback scheme for reducing the influence of dynamic coupling and load sensitivity on the direct-drive robots. The method is implemented on a 2 d.o.f. planar direct-drive robot. Then the validity of the method is demonstrated through experiments.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.341-348
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• 2007

We dentists perform many of routine dental procedures and must deal with much of the population's dental anxiety and fear. Dentists have used many non-pharmacological modalities initially to overcome anxiety and fear, including distraction, empathy, desensitization, and so on. However, certain patients need pharmacological backup of anxiety and fear to conquer dental treatment. This article presents four cases to introduce the methods from nitrous oxide and oxygen inhalation to general anesthesia for difficult adult dental phobic patients to deal with.

• Clinical and Experimental Pediatrics
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• v.59 no.2
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• pp.47-53
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• 2016

Food allergy is common and sometimes life threatening for Korean children. The current standard treatment of allergen avoidance and self-injectable epinephrine does not change the natural course of food allergy. Recently, oral, sublingual, and epicutaneous immunotherapies have been studied for their effectiveness against food allergy. While various rates of desensitization (36% to 100%) and tolerance (28% to 75%) have been induced by immunotherapies for food allergy, no single established protocol has been shown to be both effective and safe. In some studies, immunologic changes after immunotherapy for food allergy have been revealed. Adverse reactions to these immunotherapies have usually been localized, but severe systemic reactions have been observed in some cases. Although immunotherapy cannot be recommended for routine practice yet, results from recent studies demonstrate that immunotherapies are promising for the treatment of food allergy.

• Journal of Plant Biology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.317-323
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• 1991

Partial recovery in auxin transport capacity from inhibition by N-naphthylphthalamic acid (NPA) was observed when corn coleoptile segments were subjected to a prolonged NPA treatment. Kinetic data indicated that the recovery time is a function of the concentration of NPA applied. Desensitization to NPA was also seen in tissue slices where NPA increased net uptake of auxin, indicating that the apparant adaptation in the auxin transport system did not results possibly from auxin accumulated during transport inhibition. Studies on in vitro binding of NPA to membrane vesicles isolated from the coleoptile indicated that preincubation of the tissue with NPA resulted in the reduced binding activity. Scatchard analysis of the data indicated that this was due to decreases in the number of NPA binding sites. The possibility of causal relationship of modified NPA receptors to the sensory adaptation in auxin transport observed in coleoptile segments will be discussed.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.389-395
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• 1991

가토 적출 신동맥에 있어서 purinergic 신경 분포를 perivascular nerve stimulation을 통해서 확인하였다. 1. 가토 적출 신동맥은 perivascular nerve stimulation에 의해 수축성 반응을 나타내었다. 2. Perivascular nerve stimulation에 의한 수축현상은 자극의 크기와 자극의 빈도에 의존적이었으며, 내피세포의 유무에는 영향을 받지 않았다. 3. Perivascular nerve stimulation에 의한 수축현상은 prazosin$(1{\mu}M)$에 의해 강하게 억제되어졌으며, tetrodotoxin$(1{\mu}M)$ 또는 ${\alpha},{\beta}-methylene$ATP$(10{\mu}M)$에 의한 $P_{2x}-purinoceptor $ desensitization에 의해 완전히 수축현상이 사라졌다. 이와같은 결과는 가토 신동맥에는 purinergic신경이 분포되어 있으며, perivascular nerve stimulation에 의해 purinergic 신경전달물질이 norepinephrine과 함께 유리되어지는 것을 시사하고 있다.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.233-247
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• 1984

The purpose of this study was to find out the child's cooperation in the dental procedure. This study was undertaken in 69 children, 39 in male, and 30 in female, whose ages ranged from 2 to 5 years old. The response of young children and their mother during dental procedure was examined by questionaire and observation. The results were as follows: 1. With continued experience, the child's cooperation was improved, indicating desensitization to dental stress 2. The Higher the mother's educational level was, the higher the behavior of the child was. 3. The mother and child's anxiety were significantly related to the dental behavior of the children, but child's past history and predicted cooperation were not to be related. 4 The child's familiarity and early education were not significantly related to the dental behavior of the children.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 2003.12a
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• pp.30-31
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• 2003

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.61 no.8
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• pp.1204-1209
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• 2012

To diagnose dental pulp vitality, electric pulp tester has been widely used, which is a method to test condition of nerve. However, especially in the case of patients with trauma, nerve desensitization could temporarily occur even though nerve might be recovered by blood flow within the pulp later, which implies that blood flow in dental pulp is also an important factor for diagnosing vitality. This paper described the development of a probe that relatively measured blood flow in dental pulp using photoplethysmography (PPG). The probe emits four different wavelength light sources including three visible and an infrared light. We tested which light source detect sensitively the blood flow in dental pulp. As a result, green light had the largest peak to peak voltage and the power spectrum among different wavelengths.

• Biomolecules & Therapeutics
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.390-397
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• 2011

G protein-coupled receptor kinases (GRKs) and ${\beta}$-arrestins have been known as regulators of G protein-coupled receptors. However, it has been recently reported that GRKs and ${\beta}$-arrestins mediate receptor-mediated cellular responses in a G proteinin-dependent manner. In this scheme, GRKs work as a mediator or a scaffold protein. Among 7 members of the GRK family (GRK1-GRK7), GRK2 is the most extensively studied in vitro and in vivo. GRK2 is involved in cellular migration, insulin signaling, and cardiovascular disease. GRK6 in concert with ${\beta}$-arrestin 2 mediates chemoattractant-stimulated chemotaxis of T and B lymphocytes. GRK5 shuttles between the cytosol and nucleus, and regulates the activities of transcription factors. GRK3 and GRK4 do not seem to have striking effects on cellular responses other than receptor regulation. GRK1 and GRK7 play specific roles in regulation of rhodopsin function. In this review, these newly discovered functions of GRKs are briefly described.

• Proceedings of the PSK Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.91.1-91.1
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• 2003

Asparate-arginine-tyrosine (DRY) motif is highly conserved among GPCRs, and the alternation of this motif has been reported to exist naturally and involved with various diseases that involves constitutive activation or desensitization of receptor. To understand the interaction between G protein and ${\beta}$-arrestin more systemically, we produced the DHY mutants for the D2R and D3R. The introduction of R to H mutation in DRY motif caused differential effects on the characteristics of D2R and D3R: for both receptors receptor-effector coupling and (omitted)