• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2015

Objectives: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pre-etching on the bond strength of silorane-based composite specific adhesive system to dentin. Materials and Methods: Thirty human molars were randomly divided into 5 groups according to the different bonding strategies. For teeth restored with silorane-based composite (Filtek Silorane, 3M ESPE), the specific self-etching adhesive system (Adhesive System P90, 3M ESPE) was used with and without pre-etching (Pre-etching/Silorane and Silorane groups). Teeth restored with methacrylate based-composite (Filtek Z250, 3M ESPE) were hybridized with the two-step self-etching system (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray), with and without pre-etching (Pre-etching/Methacrylate and Methacrylate groups), or three-step adhesive system (Adper Scotchbond Multi-Purpose, 3M ESPE) (Three-step/Methacrylate group) (n = 6). The restored teeth were sectioned into stick-shaped test specimens ($1.0{\times}1.0mm$), and coupled to a universal test machine (0.5 mm/min) to perform microtensile testing. Results: Pre-etching/Methacrylate group presented the highest bond strength values, with significant difference from Silorane and Three-step/Methacrylate groups (p < 0.05). However, it was not significantly different from Pre-etching/Silorane and Methacrylate groups. Conclusions: Pre-etching increased bond strength of silorane-based composite specific adhesive system to dentin.

• 대한치과보존학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한치과보존학회 2001년도 추계학술대회(제116회) 및 13회 Workshop 제3회 한ㆍ일 치과보존학회 공동학술대회 초록집
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• pp.560.1-560
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• 2001

To evaluate the micro-shear bond strength of current adhesive systems to cervical and mid-coronal enamel. Materials and Two commercially available resin adhesives were investigated; a self-etching primer system(Clearfil SE Bond, Kyraray) and a one-bottle adhesive system(Single Bond, 3M) intended for use with the total-etch wet-bonding technique were employed. Two regions of enamel, cervical and mid-coronal regions, were chosen from the buccal surface of extracted molars and were then bonded with each adhesive system and submitted to the micro-shear bond test.(중략)

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.3.1-3.14
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• 2021

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the interface between a calcium silicate cement (CSC), Biodentine and dental adhesives in terms of sealing ability. Materials and Methods: Microleakage test: 160 standardized class II cavities were prepared on 80 extracted human molars. The cavities were filled with Biodentine and then divided into 2 experimental groups according to the time of restoration: composite resin obturation 15 minutes after Biodentine handling (D0); restoration after 7 days (D7). Each group was then divided into 8 subgroups (n = 5) according to the adhesive system used: etch-and-rinse adhesive (Prime & Bond); self-etch adhesive 2 steps (Optibond XTR and Clearfil SE Bond); self-etch adhesive 1 step (Xeno III, G-aenial Bond, and Clearfil Tri-S Bond); and universal used as etch-and-rinse or self-etch (ScotchBond Universal ER or SE). After thermocycling, the teeth were immersed in a silver nitrate solution, stained, longitudinally sectioned, and the Biodentine/adhesive percolation was quantified. Scanning electron microscopic observations: Biodentine/adhesive interfaces were observed. Results: A tendency towards less microleakage was observed when Biodentine was etched (2.47%) and when restorations were done without delay (D0: 4.31%, D7: 6.78%), but this was not significant. The adhesives containing 10-methacryloyloxydecyl dihydrogen phosphate monomer showed the most stable results at both times studied. All Biodentine/adhesive interfaces were homogeneous and regular. Conclusions: The good sealing of the CSC/adhesive interface is not a function of the system adhesive family used or the cement maturation before restoration. Biodentine can be used as a dentine substitute.

• Journal of Korean Dental Science
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.5-11
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• 2009

Objectives : This study investigated the hypothesis that the dentin bond strength of self-etching adhesives (SEAs) may be improved by applying a coat of hydrophobic, neutral adhesive resin in addition to SEA. Method and Materials : The bond strengths of two SEAs - Experimental SEA (EX) and Adper Prompt (AP) - were measured with three bonding protocols. The D/E resin of All-Bond 2 was applied as the hydrophobic, neutral adhesive. Clearfil SE Bond (SE, self-etching primer system) and All-Bond 2 (AB, total etching system) were used as references. The following protocols were used: (1) EX1 (EX 1 coat); (2) EX2 (EX 2 coats); (3) EX+ (EX 1 coat + D/E resin); (4) AP1 (AP 1 coat); (5) AP2 (AP 2 coats); (6) AP+ (AP 1 coat + D/E resin); (7) SE (SE primer + SE bond); (8) SE+ (SE primer + D/E resin); (9) AB (etching + AB primer + D/E resin). Filtek Z250 composite resin was built up and the microtensile bond strength (MTBS) values of the specimens were compared. The fractured surfaces were observed using SEM. Results : When SEA was used as self-etching primer and hydrophobic, neutral adhesive was applied as well, MTBS was significantly higher than that when either one coat or two coats of SEA only were used (p < 0.05). Conclusion : The hydrophobic, neutral adhesive improved the integrity of the bonded interface obtained with SEA.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제37권4호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2012

Objectives: This study evaluated the influence of chlorhexidine (CHX) on the microtensile bonds strength (${\mu}TBS$) of resin core with two adhesive systems to dentin in endodontic cavities. Materials and Methods: Flat dentinal surfaces in 40 molar endodontic cavities were treated with self-etch adhesive system, Contax (DMG) and total-etch adhesive system, Adper Single Bond 2 (3M ESPE) after the following surface treatments: (1) Priming only (Contax), (2) CHX for 15 sec + rinsing + priming (Contax), (3) Etching with priming (Adper Single Bond 2), (4) Etching + CHX for 15 sec + rinsing + priming (Adper Single Bond 2). Resin composite build-ups were made with LuxaCore (DMG) using a bulk method and polymerized for 40 sec. For each condition, half of specimens were submitted to ${\mu}TBS$ after 24 hr storage and half of them were submitted to thermocycling of 10,000 cycles between $5^{\circ}C$ and $55^{\circ}C$ before testing. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and independent t-test at a significance level of 95%. Results: CHX pre-treatment did not affect the bond strength of specimens tested at the immediate testing period, regardless of dentin surface treatments. However, after 10,000 thermocycling, all groups showed reduced bond strength. The amount of reduction was greater in groups without CHX treatments than groups with CHX treatment. These characteristics were the same in both self-etch adhesive system and total-etch adhesive system. Conclusions: 2% CHX application for 15 sec proved to alleviate the decrease of bond strength of dentin bonding systems. No significant difference was shown in ${\mu}TBS$ between total-etching system and self-etching system.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.23.1-23.9
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• 2019

Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate the microshear bond strength (${\mu}SBS$) of different universal adhesive systems applied to hybrid computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) restorative materials repaired with a composite resin. Materials and Methods: Four types of CAD-CAM hybrid block materials-Lava Ultimate (LA), Vita Enamic (VE), CeraSmart (CS), and Shofu Block HC (SH)-were used in this study, in combination with the following four adhesive protocols: 1) control: porcelain primer + total etch adhesive (CO), 2) Single Bond Universal (SB), 3) All Bond Universal (AB), and 4) Clearfil Universal Bond (CU). The ${\mu}SBS$ of the composite resin (Clearfil Majesty Esthetic) was measured and the data were analyzed using two-way analysis of variance and the Tukey test, with the level of significance set at p < 0.05. Results: The CAD-CAM block type and block-adhesive combination had significant effects on the bond strength values (p < 0.05). Significant differences were found between the following pairs of groups: VE/CO and VE/AB, CS/CO and CS/AB, VE/CU and CS/CU, and VE/AB and CS/AB (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The ${\mu}SBS$ values were affected by hybrid block type. All tested universal adhesive treatments can be used as an alternative to the control treatment for repair, except the AB system on VE blocks (the VE/AB group). The ${\mu}SBS$ values showed variation across different adhesive treatments on different hybrid CAD-CAM block types.

• 한국치위생학회지
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• 제14권4호
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• pp.447-452
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• 2014

With the increase of esthetic demands, most patients want to have restorations which are not only functional but also esthetic. For the esthetic restoration, many ceramic systems have been introduced and applied in dentistry. Among those ceramic restorations, IPS e.max system composed of lithium disilicate glass ceramic is one of the most commonly used systems because it has strength and esthetic characteristics. IPS e.max system is divided into IPS e.max Press and IPS e.max CAD according to the manufacturing methods. IPS e.max Press is fabricated through heat-pressed technique with ceramic ingot, which is very simple. The restorations which are made using IPS e.max system can apply to 3 units restoration for the anterior teeth and premolar, and single posterior tooth restoration. Cementation is one of the most important clinic procedure for the longevity of the restorations. All ceramics are bonded by resin cements, it is classified into three groups including adhesive, self-adhesive, and conventional. Variolink N, which is an adhesive resin cement and manufactured by same company with IPS e.max, is recommended for the bonding of IPS e.max restoration. Conventional and self-adhesive resin cement is also available. The aim of this review article is to provide the understanding of material properties, production procedure and clinical application of IPS e.max system.

• 대한소아치과학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.486-494
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• 2004

본 연구는 all-in-one adhesive를 사용하여 전색하는 술식을 통상적인 탈회 술식 및 single-bottle 결합제를 이용하여 전색하는 술식과 비교하여 법랑질과 전색재 사이의 미세누출의 차이를 알아보고자 하는 것이다. 75개의 제3대구치를 5군으로 나누어 1군을 대조군으로 하여 only Etching(1군), $Adper^{TM}$ Single $Bond^{TM}$(2군), $Adper^{TM}\;Prompt^{TM}$ L-Pop(3군), Ad-bond(4군), One-up bond F(5군)로 처리한 후 전색재 도포 후 열순환을 시 행한 뒤 미세누출도를 검사하여 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. All-in-one adhesive를 사용한 3, 4, 5군은 1군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 평균미세누출도를 보였다(p<0.05). 2. 가장 낮은 평균미세누출도는 2군(0.14)에서 보였고 1군(1.05), 3군(1.65), 4군(2.85), 5군(3.05) 순으로 증가하였다. 3. All-in-one adhesive를 사용한 3, 4, 5군중에서 3군은 4, 5군에 비해 통계적으로 유의성 있게 낮은 평균미세누출 도를 보여주었지만(p<0.05) 1군과 2군에 비해 유의성 있게 높은 평균값을 보여주었다(p<0.05). 4. 4군과 5군 사이의 평균미세누출도는 통계적으로 유의성 있는 차이를 보이지 않았다(p>0.05). 5. 주사전자현미경관찰결과 all-in-one adhesive를 사용한 3, 4, 5군은 1, 2군에 비해 레진돌기가 짧고 불규칙하게 관찰되었다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.45-53
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• 2008

본 연구는 현재 시판되고 있는 여러 개의 상아질 접착제를 임상 술식에서와 같은 방법으로 사용한 후 열 시효처리를 통해 노화 과정을 재현한 다음 접착 계면의 탄성계수를 측정함으로써 가수분해에 따른 물성변화를 관찰 비교하고자 했다. 발거 한 지 2 주일 이내인 영구 대구치 21 개의 상아질 표면이 노출되도록 삭제하였다. 각각 7개의 치아에 시판되고 있는 3가지 상아질 접착제 (OptiBond FL, Clearfil SE, Xeno III)를 적용한 뒤 광중합 복합 레진(Premisa, Kerr, Orange, CA, USA) 를 1 mm 두께로 쌓아 올렸다. 각 치아를 이등분하여 절반 시편은 100,000회의 열 시효 처리를 가하도록 했다. Nanoindentation test를 통하여 각 시편의 adhesive layer와 hybrid layer의 탄성계수를 측정, 비교하였다. 열시효 처리 후 Xeno III군의 탄성계수가 통계학적으로 유의할 만한 감소를 보였다 (p < 0.05). Hydrophilic monomer를 많이 함유한 one-step self-etch adhesive system은 다른 제품에 비해 가수분해에 취약하여 이에 따른 물성 변화를 보이는 것으로 추정되며, 궁극적으로 수복물의 내구성에 영향을 미칠 것으로 여겨진다.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.73-78
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• 2013

Objectives: This study evaluated the effect of three different air-drying times on microleakage of three self-etch adhesive systems. Materials and Methods: Class I cavities were prepared for 108 extracted sound human premolars. The teeth were divided into three main groups based on three different adhesives: Opti Bond All in One (OBAO), Clearfil $S^3$ Bond (CSB), Bond Force (BF). Each main group divided into three subgroups regarding the air-drying time: without application of air stream, following the manufacturer's instruction, for 10 sec more than manufacturer's instruction. After completion of restorations, specimens were thermocycled and then connected to a fluid filtration system to evaluate microleakage. The data were statistically analyzed using two-way ANOVA and Tukey-test (${\alpha}$ = 0.05). Results: The microleakage of all adhesives decreased when the air-drying time increased from 0 sec to manufacturer's instruction (p < 0.001). The microleakage of BF reached its lowest values after increasing the drying time to 10 sec more than the manufacturer's instruction (p < 0.001). Microleakage of OBAO and CSB was significantly lower compared to BF in all three drying time (p < 0.001). Conclusions: Increasing in air-drying time of adhesive layer in one-step selfetch adhesives caused reduction of microleakage, but the amount of this reduction may be dependent on the adhesive components of self-etch adhesives.