• KIEE International Transactions on Power Engineering
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• 제3A권1호
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• pp.35-41
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• 2003

To ensure resource adequacy in restructured electricity markets, policymakers have adopted installed capacity (ICAP) markets in some regions of the United States. These markets ensure that adequate generation exists to satisfy regional Loss of Load Probability(LOLP) criterion. Since the incentives created through ICAP mechanisms directly impact new generation and transmission investment decisions we examine one important factor that links ICAP markets with LOLP calculations;, determining the amount of ICAP credit assigned to particular generation units. First, we review and critique the literature on electric power systems' market failure resulting from demand exceeding supply. We then summarize the method of computing (the LOLP) as a means of assessing reliability and relate this method to ICAP markets. We find that only the expected value of available generation is used In current ICAP markets while ignoring the second and higher order moments, which tends to mis-state the ICAP value of a specific resource. We then consider a proposal whose purpose is to avoid this ICAP assignment issue by switching from ICAP obligations to options. We find that such a proposal may fail to not provide the benefits claimed and suffers from several practical difficulties. Finally, we conclude with some policy recommendations and areas for future research.

• 한국시스템다이내믹스연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.105-134
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• 2013

Electrical construction business has public and professional characters. It may require appropriate interventions of the government because these business activities stand for not only profit-seeking competition, but also supplies of one of the key functions in our society. In other words, public benefit and private benefit are still in existence. The government therefore considers such an aspect of public importance of the business sector and needs to plan to adjust technical and engineering manpower of this market. This study focuses on the imbalance for labor supply and demand of technical engineer in electrical construction business. A system dynamics analysis is applied to understand and simulate the imbalance as a soft approach. It has the merit of causal loop diagram to alleviate the limitation of data lack problem. We find that excess demand is expected from 2010 to 2011, and excess supply is predicted from 2012 to 2021 about the manpower of technical engineer. It shows considerable disagreement between the supply and demand of human resource. So we suggest that it is strong necessity to construct statistics infrastructure for a manpower supply and demand plan.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제32권8_spc호
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• pp.1219-1232
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• 2019

The global goat population continues to grow and is now over one billion. The number of goats raised primarily for milk production is also growing, due to expanding demand. Most of the world dairy goat production and consumption is in Asia, but a global view of the dairy goat sector reveals important lessons about building successful modern dairy goat industries. The most organized market for goat milk is found in Europe, especially in France. The European goat sector is specialized for milk production, mostly for industrial cheesemaking, while also supporting traditional on-farm manufacturing. Government involvement is significant in sanitary regulation, research, extension, support for local producer organizations, and markets, and ensures safety and quality. Nonetheless, producers are still vulnerable to market fluctuations. New dairy goat industries are developing in countries without a long goat milk tradition, such as China, the United States, and New Zealand, due to rising consumer demand, strong prices, and climate change. The mix of policies, management and markets varies widely, but regardless of the country, the dairy goat sector thrives when producers have access to markets, and the tools and skills to sustainably manage their livestock and natural resources. These are most readily achieved through strong and inclusive producer organizations, access to technical services, and policies that enable the poor and marginalized groups to benefit from increasing demand.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제41권2호
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• pp.253-265
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• 2008

지속가능한 자원관리모형(SRM)구축은 탈물질화 및 환경과 경제의 디커플링을 이루기 위한 핵심적 요소로 여겨지고 있다. 본 연구에서는 세계 각국의 지속가능한 자원관리 정책 및 연구방향을 살펴보고, decoupling factor를 이용하여 국내제조업의 경제활동과 에너지소비간의 디커플링현상을 살펴보았다. 마지막으로 이를 바탕으로 국내 실정에 맞는 SRM모형구축과 전략을 제시하였다. 자원관리 시스템은 수요전망, 물질흐름분석과 가치사슬분석, 시장구조분석 등의 분석과 조사 등을 바탕으로 구축된다. 이러한 분석들을 통해 환경적 문제 해결, 재활용시장관리방안 및 시장의 구조적 문제점 도출, 필요 재활용기술 도출, 1차자원과 2차자원의 최적 공급비율 등의 Hot-spot 도출 및 해결방안모색이 가능하다. 또한 지속가능한 자원 관리시스템과 국가단위, 권역단위의 물질흐름분석을 유기적으로 연계하고, 효과적인 이의 운영을 위해서는 국가차원의 법제화와 뒷받침이 이뤄져야 할 것이다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.799-826
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• 2006

본 연구에서는 시계열분석기법과 그래프 이론을 활용하여 8개의 북미천연가스 현물시장간의 관계를 분석하였다. 벡터오차수정모형과 탐욕동급검색 알고리즘(Greedy Equivalence Search Algorithm)을 활용한 그래프 이론을 통해 시장간의 관계를 분석한 결과, 가격발견과정은 초과수요지역에서 발생하여 초과공급지역으로 진행되는 것으로 나타났다. 북미 천연가스 현물시장 중에서 시카고로 대표되는 미국의 중서부지역이 가격발견과정에 있어 가장 중요한 시장인 것으로 나타났으며 미국 동부지역에 있어 펜실바니아의 Ellisburg-Leidy Hub이, 그리고 미국서부지역에 있어서는 Malin Hub이 가격발견과정에 있어 중요한 시장인 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국분말재료학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.345-349
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• 2019

With increasing demand for resources worldwide, Korea has been negotiating with resource-holding countries to achieve conservation of energy resources. Among them, Russia is the third largest resource-producing and exporting nation in the world and has several resource materials such as nickel, platinum group metals, gold, and other reserves. As a result, there is growing interest in cooperation between Korea and Russia. The aim of this article is to summarize the current status of market flow of Russian energy resources as well as Russia's economic cooperation with Korea. Notably, South Korea needs to focus on investing in overseas mines for a stable supply of rare metals. Nevertheless, securing rare metals is a major task by understanding the flow and policy direction of Russian material mines.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.337-342
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• 2008

A population growth and industry advances are increasing the demand for water while improving the quality of life. By turning seawater into freshwater it is an alternative for the water shortage problem. The study analyzes the orders and makes suggestions on the outlook of an enterprise that can supply desalination plants both inside and outside the country. It compares the production capacity of enterprises in the desalination industry who deal with the thermal and RO methods. We compare 7 enterprises in the thermal method which includes Doosan Heavy Industries, and the top 10 enterprises in the RO method which includes General Electric Corp. Now that the markets in the Middle East have opened and markets in other regions are gradually growing, demand for water will grow especially in developing countries that are in the process of industrialization. Also, the market share of thermal method desalination has been falling, gradually, because too much energy is spent during the process. On the other hand, the market share of the RO method will rise from 37% in 2005 to 57% in 2015. Recently, the desalination market shows that changing from thermal method to RO method is the trend in the Middle East. Growth and demand in other regions are growing at the same pace as the Middle East. Due to this trend, if the RO system, which is highly effective and uses less energy, were to be continuously developed it would be possible to supply water using sea water and would be a viable alternative water resource.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2011년도 제42회 하계학술대회
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• pp.656-657
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• 2011

산업사회의 급속한 발전과 생활수준 향상에 따라 전력수요 및 공급전망에 대한 인식이 점차 강조되고 있다. 에너지자원이 부족한 우리나라는 전체 에너지의 약 97%를 수입에 의존하고 있으므로 전력공급의 정확한 수요예측을 통해서 안정적, 경제적으로 전력을 공급해야 한다. 2001년 전력산업구조개편에 따라 전력시장은 발전부문만 시장에 참여하여 경쟁하는 발전경쟁체제로 발전사업자의 입찰량과 전력거래소의 전력수요 예측 결과를 이용하여 시간대별 전력시장가격을 결정하는 가격결정발전 계획을 수립하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 청정 녹색에너지로 피크시간대에 발전하여 주파수 조절을 담당함으로써 전력계통에 크게 기여하고 있는 수력 발전기의 최적 입찰 전략 및 수력발전 사업계획에 활용할 수 있는 전력거래가격 전망 전략을 제시하여 수력발전사업자의 수익 증대와 전력시장 가격 안정화에 기여하고자 한다.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.233-252
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• 2002

This thesis is designed to draw up scheme for human resources development of the Korean software industry. Its concrete scheme is as follows. That is, IT professionals with international competitiveness should be cultivated, and a human resource development system, which can flexibly meet the market demands, has to be built. Pool of specialized programmers is necessary condition for achieving competitiveness in Korean software industry. Reeducation is also desirable to embody the agile productive capability into the existing human resources for new challenges in the industry. Well-organized human resources database will also make it easy to match new demand and to lower the transaction cost in switching jobs. To cope with the rapidly changing environment actively, human resource development and training system improvement through the cooperation with the concerned industries, universities, research centers and the government must be settled immediately.

• 한국태양에너지학회 논문집
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• 제36권1호
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• pp.75-81
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• 2016

The west and south coastal regions of Korea are known to be of strong tidal current speed. With the increasing demand for renewable energies, the resource assessment has been a crucial issue which should be conducted before any detail planning and development of the potential sites for tidal current farm. Although there are several results of resource assessment of tidal current energy in Korea, the resource assessment method is not officially announced. This undefined methodology makes the results unreliable and useless. Recently new renewable energy potential definition has been announced by KIER (Korea Institute of Energy Research). This categorizes energy potential as four steps; theoretical, geographical, technical and market potentials. This paper describes the resource assessment of tidal current power in Korea based on API (Averaged Power Intercepted). The results show that the Incheon-Gyeonggi and Jeollanam-do are very promising areas for tidal current power in Korea.