• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
• /
• v.34 no.1
• /
• pp.50-57
• /
• 2017

Zinc oxide is, one of metal oxide semiconductor, harmless to human and environment-friendly. It has excellent chemical and thermal stability properties. Wurtzite-zinc oxide is a large band gap energy of 3.37 eV and high exciton binding energy of 60 meV. It can be applied to various fields, such as solar cells, degradation of the dye waste, the gas sensor. The photocatalytic activity of zinc oxide is varied according to the particle shape and change of crystallinity. Therefore, It is very important to specify the additives and the experimental variables. In this study, the zinc oxide were synthesized by using a microwave assisted hydrothermal synthesis. The precursor was used as the zinc nitrate, the pH value was controlled as 11 by NaOH. Surfactants are the ethanolamine, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide, sodium dodecyl sulfate, sorbitan monooleate was added by changing the concentration. The composite particles had the shape of a star-like, curcular cone, seed shape, flake-sphere. Physical and chemical properties of the obtained zinc oxide was characterized using x-ray diffractometer, field emission scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and optical properties was characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, photoluminescence and raman spectroscopy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
• /
• v.43 no.4
• /
• pp.564-569
• /
• 2014

This study was conducted to reduce benzo(a)pyrene in sesame oil by addition of several kinds of absorbents (active carbon, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, acid clay, perlite, and silicate). Sesame oil containing 4.1 ppb benzo(a)pyrene was stirred with 0.2% (w/w) several kinds of adsorbents at $40^{\circ}C$ for 30 min. Active carbon resulted in the highest reduction of benzo(a)pyrene in sesame oil among the investigated adsorbents, and decolorization was observed only by using silicate. Reduction of benzo(a)pyrene was optimized by controlling amount the of active carbon, stirring time, and stirring temperature. Futher, 4.1 ppb benzo(a)pyrene in sesame oil was reduced by up to 0.91 ppb by adding 0.5% (w/w) active carbon and stirring for 30 min at $70^{\circ}C$. Optimized conditions were applied to sesame oil (2.14~4.11 ppb) purchased from a Gyeonggi traditional market, and benzo(a)pyrene in sesame oil was reduced by up 0.43~0.86 ppb.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
• /
• v.34 no.2
• /
• pp.164-172
• /
• 2001

The angiotensin-I converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors from laver hydrolysate was isolated. Among the 13 kinds of proteases, Maxazyme NNP was most effective for preparing the high ACE inhibitory compound. In extraction conditions of ACE inhibitory peptide from laver hydrolysate, ACE inhibitory activity of hydrolysate treated with diethylether for decolorization and that of $70\%$ ethanol soluble fraction among the different ethanol concentrations were higher than other preparations. Low molecular fraction less than 3,000 dalton of layer hydrolysate separated by ultrafiltration had the highest ACE inhibitory activity, for further separation of ACE inhibitory peptide from laver hydrolysate, gel filtration chromatography (Sephadex G-25), reverse-phase HPLC (ODS & Vydac C-18) and gel permeation chromatography (Superdex Peptide HR) were performed. The molecular mass of the ACE inhibitory peptide fractions of gel permeation chromatography determined by electrospray-mass spectrometer were 413.48 (S1O2V2V1P),346.86 (S1O2V2V2P) and 320.32 (S2O6V3V1P) dalton and their amino acid sequence were Val-Gln-Gly-Asn, Thr-Glu-Thr and Phe-Arg, respectively.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.36 no.6
• /
• pp.440-448
• /
• 1993

To utilize effectively fish skin wasted from fish processing, a dover sole skin gelatin was prepared by alkaline extraction method and the physico-chemical properties were examined. Conditions for the suitable pretreatment, extraction and decolorization for gelatin preparation from dover sole skin are as follows: the skin is limed with 1.0% calcium hydroxide solution at $5^{\circ}C$ for 4 days, washed thoroughly for 2 days with tap water, extracted with 5 volumes of water $(pH\;5.0{\sim}7.0)$ to dehydrated skin for 3 hours at $50^{\circ}C$, and then bleached with 3% activated carbon. Though dover sole skin gelatin was prepared under above conditions, physico-chemical property values such the melting point and gelling point of that were lower than those of yellowfin sole skin gelatin as well as the commercial pork skin gelatin. Therefore, the purified dover sole skin gelatin requires a suitable modification operation for better quality gelatin manufacture.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
• /
• v.54 no.2
• /
• pp.89-93
• /
• 2011

The solvent extracts of Sanguisorbae officinalis L. were investigated for the activities of antioxidants as a functional ingredient for cosmetic products. The electron donating effect of ethyl acetate layer and n-butyl alcohol layer was appeared similar activity with positive control butylated hydroxy anisole (BHA) at all concentrations. In addition, in 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid (ABTS) radical scavenging assay, ethyl acetate layer, n-butyl alcohol layer and water layer were over 99% effect at all concentrations and higher than that of BHA. Also in hydrogen peroxide scavenging assay, ethyl acetate layer and n-butyl alcohol layer were higher than that of positive control ascorbic acid. The measured superoxide dismutase (SOD)-like activity of n-butyl alcohol was more than 50% at concentration of 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ and superoxide anion radical scavenging ability showed more than 45% at 1,000 ${\mu}g/mL$ of n-butyl alcohol layer. All these findings suggested that ethyl acetate layer and n-butyl alcohol layer have a great potential as a cosmeceutical ingredient with an antioxidant effect.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
• /
• v.41 no.1
• /
• pp.19-32
• /
• 2013

In this study, outstanding white rot fungi for biodegradation of organosolv lignin were selected on the basis of their ligninolytic enzyme system. Fifteen white rot fungi were evaluated for their ability to decolorize Remazol Brilliant Blue R (RBBR) in SSC and MEB medium, respectively. Six white rot fungi (Ceriporiopsis subvermispora, Ceriporia lacerate, Fomitopsis insularis, Phanerochaete chrysosporium, Polyporus brumalis, and Stereum hirsutum) decolorized RBBR rapidly in SSC medium within 3 days. The protein contents as well as the activities of manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase for 6 selected fungi were determined on the SSC medium with and without organosolv lignin. Interestingly, extracellular protein concentrations were determined to relative higher for S. hirsutum and P. chrysosporium in the presence of organosolv lignin than others. On the other hands, each fungus showed a different ligninolytic enzyme pattern. Among them, F. insularis resulted the highest ligninolytic enzyme activities on incubation day 6, indicating of 1,545 U/mg of MnP activity and 1,259 U/mg of laccase activity. In conclusion, $STH^*$ and FOI were considered as outstanding fungi for biodegradation of organosolv lignin, because $STH^*$ showed high extracellular protein contents and ligninolytic enzyme activities over all, and ligninolytic enzyme activities of FOI were the highest among white rot fungi used in this study.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
• /
• v.99 no.6
• /
• pp.836-842
• /
• 2010

Hovenia dulcis var. koreana Nakai has been reported to liver function improvement effect as functional materials for food and medicine. On these facts, biological activity and safety test were conducted to evaluate biological activities of the fruit petiole and root extracts of H. dulcis as a potential cosmeceutical ingredient. Cosmeceutica activities of different extracts were examined by l.l-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical generation, the ABTS+ cation decolorization, tyrosinase activity, collagenase activity and elastase activity compared with the properties of the commercial antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and L-ascorbic acid (AA). The antioxidant activities HDFW, HDFE, HDRW and HDRE were 83.6%, 39.6%, 85.9% and 74.5% in DPPH assay, 99.5%, 13.7%, 96.4% and 88.6% in ABTS assay. Tyrosinase inhibitiory activities HDFW were 56.0% at 1,000 ppm. Measured the inhibition effect of the H. dulcis about collagenase and elastase where break the peptide bonds in collagen and enzyme from the class of proteases where exists in the dermis. The H. dulcis was inhibition the two kind enzymesm, collagenase activities being on a high scale inhibition, was same concentration. Uses the anti oxidation effect and a anti-wrinkle effect of this resultant H. dulcis and with the functional cosmetics use is thought with the fact that will be possible.

• Journal of Life Science
• /
• v.19 no.3
• /
• pp.390-396
• /
• 2009

In this study, extracts from S. officinalis were tested for antioxidative effects and inhibitory activities against $\alpha$-amylase, angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) and xanthine oxidase (XOase). The content of total phenolic compounds in water, 60% ethanol, 60% methanol and 60% acetone extracts were 36.2, 42.7, 40.3 and 39.6 mg/g, respectively. In 60% ethanol extracts, the EDA by DPPH free radical scavenging test of S. officinalis was $66.3{\pm}2.2%$ at $200{\mu}g/ml$. The inhibition rate of ABTS was $97.6{\pm}0.1%$, the antioxidant protection factor was $2.26{\pm}0.63$ PF, and TBARS was $0.62{\pm}0.05$ (${\times}100{\mu}M$ in the control and $0.29{\pm}0.02$ (${\times}100{\mu}M$). Also in 60% ethanol extracts of S. officinalis, the inhibitory activity against XOase was 78% and was not shown to be against ACE. According to the $12.6{\pm}0.14\;mm$ of clear zone formed, the inhibition rate against $\alpha$-Amylase was 7.6% at $200{\mu}g/ml$ of phenolics content. Antimicrobial activities of 60% ethanol extracts of S. officinalis against Helicobacter pylori exhibited an inhibition rate of $12.5{\sim}66.1%$ according to the $10{\sim}15\;mm$ of clear zone at $50{\sim}200{\mu}g/ml$. The results suggest that the 60% ethanol extracts from Salvia officinalis L. will be useful as natural antioxidants and functional food sources.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
• /
• v.25 no.6
• /
• pp.716-723
• /
• 1993

To utilize effectively fish skin wasted from fish processing, a yellowfin sole skin gelatin was prepared by alkaline extraction method and the physico-chemical properties were examined. Conditions for the suitable extraction and decolorization for gelatin preparation from yellowfin sole skin are as follows: the skin is limed with 1.5% calcium hydroxide solution at $5^{\circ}C$ for 5 days, washed throughly with tap water, extracted with 6 volumes of water ($pH5.0{\sim}7.0$) to dehydrated skin for 3 hours at $50^{\circ}C$, and then bleached with 3% activated carbon. Though yellowfin sole skin gelatin was prepared under above condition, the physico-chemical property values such the melting point and gelling point of that were lower than those of pork skin gelatin. Therefore, the purified yellowfin sole skin gelatin requires a suitable modification operation for more a good quality gelatin manufacture.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
• /
• v.14 no.4
• /
• pp.257-263
• /
• 1986

So as to clarify the biodegradation mechanism of lignin, lignin biodegradability among four white-rot fungi, Pleurotus ostreatus 1,2,3, and Polyporus versicolor were compared each other by simple plate test method, so that P. ostreatus 2 and P. versicolor exhibited the most wide clear zone. And to investigate the degree of lignin depolymerization, they were grown in lignin­media where various carbohydrates were added, then that was analyzed through column chromato­graphy. In consequence, P. ostreatus 2 and 3 showed more excellent effect of lignin depolymerization among those 4 white-rot fungi, and also in culture media in which glucose, cellobiose and xylose were added. When culture filtrates of the same media were scanned at UV range, there were no peak at 280 nm in the culture filtrate of P. ostreatus 2 and 3 where glucose, cellobiose and xylose were added. At the same time, culture filtrate, in which lignin was only contained as a carbon source, showed browning in color, whereas culture media with glucose, cellobiose and xylose in addition to lignin became yellowish (that is, decolorization). From above results, it might be assumed that polymerization and browning of lignin were decreased and lignin biodegradability was increased, when grown in lignin media where various carbohydrates were added.