• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.68-74
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• 2015

Background: The purpose of our study was to evaluate the functional and radiologic outcomes of additive augmentation sutures through rotator cuff for proximal humeral fractures stabilized locking plate in elderly patients. Methods: We enrolled 74 patients over the age of 60 years who received internal fixation using locking plates for proximal humeral fractures. Of these, 50 patients had additive augmentation sutures through rotator cuff. The mean age at the time of surgery was 72.1 years (range, 60-89 years), and the mean follow-up period was 17.5 months (range, 12-62 months). The humeral neck-shaft angle and humeral head height were used as radiological markers to assess the effect of additive augmentation sutures through rotator cuff. We allocated the patients who received additive augmentation sutures into group A and those who did not into group B. Results: At the final follow-up, the mean Korean Showlder Society score and Constant scores were $88.96{\pm}12.1$ and $86.6{\pm}11.9$, respectively, in group A and $86.21{\pm}11.8$ and $85.3{\pm}11.7$, respectively, in group B (p=0.368, 0.271). At the final follow-up, the mean loss in humeral neck-shaft angle from the time of immediate postoperative measurement was $1.6^{\circ}$ in group A and $4.8^{\circ}$ in group B, whereas the mean loss in humeral head height was 0.82 mm in group A and 0.52 mm in group B (p=0.029, 0.178). Conclusions: The surgical outcomes of internal fixation using locking plates for proximal humeral fractures were clinically and radiologically good in elderly patients over the age of 60 years without any observable complications. Further, the loss of humeral head shaft angle at the final follow-up from its initial postoperative measurement was significantly smaller in patients who received an additive augmentation suture than in those who did not. Thus, we conclude that augmentation sutures are a beneficial option for elderly patients that clinicians can consider at the time of surgical decision making.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Traditional Landscape Architecture
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.108-117
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• 2011

In drafting the standards on changes in current conditions, the height or the number of stories is applied in a restrictive manner by limiting to securing the distance to vertical surface for cultural properties within the influence investigation area, but this is expected to have a negative impact on the surrounding sceneries as well as results in the dwarfing phenomenon for precious cultural properties. That is, the preparation for supplementing the insufficient objectivity that is likely to take place during the process of drafting the standards on changes in current conditions. Thus the author attempts to suggest the analytic method for the decision making related to objective and reasonable determination and regulation of the changes in current conditions through computer based simulation work that considers the cultural properties and surrounding environments under investigation. In order to achieve such research objectives, the author reviewed the subject sites where the cultural property dwarfing phenomenon was expected to occur in case of the permission for the changes in current conditions or where the impact of natural landscape and natural feature on the earth is less than architectural building or artificial structure or where the new policy program is likely to be adopted due to incomplete establishment of current condition change standard within influence investigation area, among other cultural properties with architectural building or artificial structure nearby located in Cheonan city and then selected Cheonansaji Dangganjiju(flag poles) and Jiksanhyun Gwana(government office). The author then undertook the quantitative visibility analysis in order to determine the comprehensive prospect rights for the cultural properties and surrounding environments concerned.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.112 no.2
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• pp.209-216
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• 2023

This study aimed to use national forest inventory data to develop a forest productivity index and yield prediction model of a Tilia amurensis stand. The site index displaying the forest productivity of the Tilia amurensis stand was developed as a Schumacher model, and the site index classification curve was generated from the model results; its distribution growth in Korea ranged from 8-16. The growth model using age as an independent variable for breast height and height diameter estimation was derived from the Chapman-Richards and Weibull model. The Fitness Indices of the estimation models were 0.32 and 0.11, respectively, which were generally low values, but the estimation-equation residuals were evenly distributed around 0, so we judged that there would be no issue in applying the equation. The stand basal area and site index of the Tilia amurensis stand had the greatest effect on the stand-volume change. These two factors were used to derive the Tilia amurensis stand yield model, and the model's determination coefficient was approximately 94%. After verifying the residual normality of the equation and autocorrelation of the growth factors in the yield model, no particular problems were observed. Finally, the growth and yield models of the Tilia amurensis stand were used to produce the makeshift stand yield table. According to this table, when the Tilia amurensis stand is 70 years old, the estimated stand-volume per hectare would be approximately 208 m³ . It is expected that these study results will be helpful for decision-making of Tilia amurensis stands management, which have high value as a forest resource for honey and timber.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.45 no.9
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• pp.959-968
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• 2012

HEC-RAS has been applied to simulate water level variation in the Ara waterway during the flood season. To support decision making necessary for operation of the hydraulic structures especially during the flood season, it is important to consider various factors such as water level of the Han River, Gulpo River, and tidal level of the west sea in conjunction with operation of the hydraulic structures such as the Gyulhyun Weir, the West sea gate, and pumping stations. Especially for operation of the west sea gate, the Rule-script option was employed to determine the opening height considering the variation of the water level in the waterway and the west sea simultaneously. For model verification, comparison of water level computed at the upstream and downstream of the regulation weir shows a good agreement with observed data measured during the flood event in September 2010. The HEC-RAS model developed in this study will contribute to support operation of the waterway during the flood season.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.2
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• pp.51-60
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• 2010

This paper proposes a new scheme to obtain enhanced 3D shape information rapidly for WLPSI(White Light Phase Shifting Interferometry). WLPSI is a convenient method to measure the height of the micro products. First we propose an effective method of limiting search interval for detecting the peak of the visibility function in order to obtain 3D shpae information rapidly. Second we propose an automatic base level decision method basad on image processing and a correction algorithm using the least square approximation method to overcome the global tilt problem of the conventional WLPSI algorithms. Third we propose an adaptive filtering method to remove the distortion known as bat-wing effect which appears near the step discontinuity. Experimental results show that the proposed overall technique is fast and provides more enhanced 3D shape information compared with the conventional WLPSI algorithms.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.5 no.2
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• pp.141-146
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• 2002

This paper proposed the automated methods for th detection of mass. We analysed characteristic of mass by using the features on mammograms. In first step, the homogeneity was used to distinguish mass from the normal tissue. In second step, we examined the dualistic circularity and pixel distribution of candidates from the dualistic images of each candidates in which we regards the gray value as topographic height information. The final decision was done with the method in which each candidates is compared with the hemispheric template. Template matching method was used in comparing the priority of candidates with the spacial circularity which is the characteristic of the mass, We applied the algorithm to the 180 mammograms. The detection resulted that the sensitivity of the proposed methods was 95.51% in which we detected 85 from the 89 mammograms.

• Korean Journal of Rural Living Science
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.119-124
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• 1997

In this study we tried to give a decision on propriety of working conditions, to present ideas on reducing work loads, and to grope for efficiency of agricultural works. For this we examined the actual working conditions of cultivating welsh onion in the summer ground. And we improved harmful factors that affect farmer's health by considering results of previous study and farmer's subjective sensation. And we measured. compared, and analyzed the farmer's work loads before and after improvement. The results of this study are as follows ; 1. According to examine the actual working conditions of cultivating welsh onion in the summer ground, farmers have experienced physical and mental chronic fatigue on the basis of farmer's appel to eye - fatigue and sun - burned skin on hot working environment including excessive ultraviolet rays, the rough ground condition, inconsistent arrangement of working stand and sorter, heavy - weared habits, and unsuitable working posture. 2. When we improved harmful factors that affect farmer's health, conformed the effects on important work efficiency index such as heart rate, electromyovolume, body temperature, and microclimate inside clothing and work loads were decreased by eliminating the hillock and obstacles of ground, decreasing the clothing weight, using proper clothing appliances such as hat and sunglasses, controlling height of working stand and sorter suitably, improving the working postures and methods as using assistant appliances, alloting the working time and sequence effectively and presenting the light gymnastic exercises and rest for fatigue restoration.

• Journal of the Korean GEO-environmental Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.57-66
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• 2013

Coastal structures are functioning in complex natural phenomena such as wave, tide, seawater penetration and abrasion. So the behavior of the coastal structures material is important, because coastal structure material is directly linked to stability of the coastal structures. For this reason, to determine the behaviour characteristics, material design standard is required on the coastal structure under sea wave load. Especially, identification on the behavior of the coastal structure has not been investigated yet properly considering interaction structure and sea wave load. In this study, to identify the behaviour characteristics of the coastal structure caused by waves, the behavior of the coastal structure depending on the magnitude of the wave loads was intensively analyzed.

• Atmosphere
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.151-158
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• 2014

This study investigated a method for the discrimination of precipitation type using thickness of geopotential height at 1000~850 hPa and improved Matsuo's scheme over South Korea using 7 upper-level observations data during winter time from 2003 to 2008. With this research, it was suggested that thickness between snow and rain should range from 1281 to 1297 gpm at 1000~850 hPa. This threshold was suitable for determining precipitation type such as snow, sleet and rain and it was verified by investigation at 7 upper-level observation and 10 surface observation data for 3 years (2009~2011). In addition, precipitation types were separated properly by Matsuo's scheme and its improved one, which is a fuction of surface air temperature and relative humidity, when they lie in mixed sectors. Precipitation types in the mixed sector were subdivided into 5 sectors (rain, rain and snow, snow and rain, snow, and snow cover). We also present the decision table for monitoring and predicting precipitation types using model output of Korea Local Analysis and Prediction System (KLAPS) and observation data.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.89-98
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• 2012

The purpose of this study is to female child Han-bok reform design for body growth. Nowadays there is common the western style daily life and special day instead of traditional style Han-bok in Korea. So the decrease in the use of Han-bok have being appeared. Specially, Children's Han-bok undesirable clothes for economic, environment, and resources because of their rapid growth and changing trend. Therefor, they do away with used Han-bok without next buying of school age. Children's parents and children are decision together purchase of children's Han-bok on-line for pleasure and economic reasons on pre-school or 1st year student for their tradition-education class. After 2000year, children's Han-bok pup-up on e-market because of the fashion focus on tradition and Korean wave for parody of Korean drama. Flowing the Research of 2010 Size Korea, the elementary school age child height growth 6cm per year, the sleeve length are 3cm growth. But Chi-ma(a pice of Han-bok) from e-market, has only 5cm margin on shoulder and no margin on Jegori(a pice of Han-bok) shoulder and sleeve, reason of that the children can't wear next year. Therefor this study is development female child Han-bok reform design for body growth, for extend to wear Han-bok on school age children and flow tradition custom of Cho-sun Dynasty's clothing custom for boost tradition conscious and reduce of cloth waste for environment.