• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• 제17권3호
• /
• pp.79-92
• /
• 2019

This study analyzes the effects of freight transportation income, capital, asset, non-operating expenses, and debt ratio on the debts of inner port freight transportation businesses through the GLS of panel regression analysis and the estimation of fixed effects model. The factors and hypotheses were established through a theoretical background review, and the financial statement and profit and loss data of inner port freight transportation businesses for 10 years from 2006 to 2015 were analyzed. The results showed that assets had positive effects on debts, and negative effects on capital, non-operating expenses, and debt ratio, but no effect on freight transportation income. This result empirically demonstrates the tendency of inner port freight transportation businesses to secure assets by increasing debts, creation of debt reduction leverage effect using non-operating expenses such as interest expenses through bank borrowing, and the adoption of management characteristics and financial operation method to lower the debt ratio by reducing capital more than debts. In future studies, it is necessary to analyze coastal port freight transportation business by industry (oil tankers, cargo ships, and barge ships), and regions such as East, West and South sea.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.135-159
• /
• 2010

The purpose of the study was to investigate the characteristics and economic status of deficit households compared to surplus households. Data from The Household Income and Expenditure Survey 2005 by NSO and 50, 207 salary/wage earners' households were used for the analysis. The statistical methods used were GLM, logit, and cluster analyses. The analysis results showed that 25.3 percent of the households were deficit households. Approximately half of the lowest 20% income group were deficit households. Income deficit households earned 1, 273 thousand less than that of surplus households, whereas consumption of deficit households was 1, 006 thousand more than that of surplus households. The average propensity of consumption of deficit households was 142.1. According to the logit analysis, factors contributing to the probability of belonging to a deficit household included income level, household size, age and educational level, occupation, homeownership, car ownership, and wife's employment status. Deficit households were classified into 5 types: 1) health care expenditure-dominated group, 2) housing expenditure-dominated group, 3) education expenditure-dominated group, 4) money transfer-dominated group, and 5) overall-overconsumption group. The overall-overconsumption group was the largest group of all at 58.5%. It was found that for all five groups, the changes in household size, income group, home ownership, and occupation of the individual were variables that influenced the probability of belonging to a certain group.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
• /
• 제9권1호
• /
• pp.22-45
• /
• 2004

This study was performed to identify factors affecting the profitability of private hospitals in Korea different and to make informations that could be very helpful to hospitals in improving profitability. Data used in this study were collected from 112 hospitals with complete general data of present conditions as well as financial statements(balance sheets, income statements). They were chosen from hospitals that passed the standardization audit undertaken by the Korean Hospital Association from 1998 to 2001 for the purpose of accrediting training hospitals. The dependent variables were used operating margin to total assets and operating margin to gross revenues as proxy indicators for profitability. The independent variables were ownership type, location, bed size, period of establishment, debt to total assets, current ratio, fixed ratio, total asset turnover, average length of stay, bed occupancy rate, admission ratio of outpatients, personnel costs per adjusted inpatient, and fiscal years. The factors had significantly positive effect on operating margin to total assets and operating margin to gross revenues were bed size, total asset turnover. And the factors had significantly negative effect on operating margin to total assets and operating margin to gross revenues were period of establishment, debt to total assets, average length of stay, personnel costs per adjusted inpatient. The adjusted $R^2$ of multiple regression equation was 25.2%, 21.4% respectively. It is very important for private hospitals to improve profitability by raising total asset turnover, and reducing debt to total assets, average length of stay, and personnel costs per adjusted inpatient using the rational and efficient business strategy.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• 제14권1호
• /
• pp.55-71
• /
• 2003

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the financial status of single mother households by financial ratios. Data was drawn from Labor Panel Survey Data in 1999, and 198 single mother households were selected. Major findings were as follows: 1) The levels of after-tax income, income per person, expenditure, expenditure per person, asset, pure asset, and debt of single mother households were lower than their counter-parts. 2) All financial ratios showed that both financial security and financial growth of single mother households were lower than their counter-parts. Especially, 22% of single mother households had the lower level of income that the lowest cost of living.

• The Korean Journal of Community Living Science
• /
• 제21권1호
• /
• pp.91-103
• /
• 2010

The purpose of this study was to find the differences of household characteristics between homeowners and renters. The data was drawn from the 2002 Korean Labor and Income Panel Study and conducted by the Korea Labor Institute. 3,743 households were selected. The householder's mean age of homeowners was found to be 8 years older than those of renters, and the households in Seoul showed a higher rent ratio than those in other areas. The levels of household financial elements for homeowners were found to be higher than those of renters. Moreover, the levels of total real estate assets for homeowners were higher than those for renters, and the levels of total debt, and the debt from financial institutes were also higher than those for renters, reflecting that most Korean households may use loans from financial institutes for holding real estate assets. The results of the Chow-test showed that the group of homeowners and renters were significantly different in terms of socio-demographic and financial factors affecting the ratio of real estate assets to total asset.

• Journal of Families and Better Life
• /
• 제9권2호
• /
• pp.103-117
• /
• 1991

The purpose of this study was to investigate causal relations of resources and demands, family financial management and subjective financial wee-being among urban households by applying a system's approach. The data were collected through the questionnaire whose respondent were 455 housewives in Seoul. The data were analyzed by various statistical methods such as Frequency. Percentile, ANOVA , F-test, T-test, Pearson's correlation analysis, Multiple Regression Analysis. Path Analysis. The results of this research were as follows. 1) The level of subjective financial wee-being among urban households exceeded the middle level. It had significant differences according to resource variables such as age of housewife. education level of housewife, housewife's occupation, househead's occupation. per capita income, debt/net asset ratio, and according to demand variables such as aspiration, expectancy, perception of financial progress, relative deprivation. 2) The level of subjective financial well-being among urban households according to level of family financial management capability has significant differences. Therefore, the higher family financial management capability, the higher level of subjective financial well-being. 3) Among all variables affecting the subjective financial well-being among urban households. aspiration had the highest relative influence on the subjective financial well-being and per capita income, occupation of househead and family financial management variables were in this order. 4) Among all variables affecting the subjective financial well-being among urban households aspiration, occupation of househead, per capita income and finacial management variables had direct effect on subjective financial well-being . Besides housewife's education level, aspiration and per capita income had indirect effect on it through family financial management.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
• /
• 제34권3호
• /
• pp.59-73
• /
• 1996

The purposes of this study are to investigate the determinants of household demand for credit and to test the effects of credit outstandings and credit repayments on consumption expenditures. To investigate the relationship between credit use and consumption expenditures, a theoretical consumption expenditure model including credit outstandings and credit repayments is developed. With 1991 Report of National Survey of Family Income and Expenditure, two empirical models are tested using OLS. The results show that household demand for credit is determined by household income, debt burden, household size, age and squared age of household head and ratio of home ownership. It is also found that credit outstandings affect consumption expenditures positively while credit repayments affect consumption expenditures negatively.

• Journal of Family Resource Management and Policy Review
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.19-34
• /
• 2022

There are growing concerns about debt insolvency among youth and low-income households. The deterioration in household debt quality among young people is due to a combination of sluggish employment, an increase in student loan burden and an increase in high-interest loans from the secondary financial sector. The purpose of this study was to explore the possibility of household debt default among young borrowers in Korea and to predict the factors affecting this possibility. This study utilized the 2021 Household Finance and Welfare Survey and used random forest algorithm to comprehensively analyze factors related to the possibility of default risk among young adults. This study presented the importance index and partial dependence charts of major determinants. This study found that the ratio of debt to assets(DTA), medical costs, household default risk index (HDRI), communication costs, and housing costs the focal independent variables.

• The Korean Journal of Health Service Management
• /
• 제11권3호
• /
• pp.1-11
• /
• 2017

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to analyze factors affecting the performance of public hospitals in South Korea. Methods : We collected management performance data from 2013 to 2015 from income statements, balance sheets, and annual reports from 32 local public hospitals. The dependent variable used was profitability, which included operating margin, return on assets and net profit to gross revenues. The independent variables were general characteristics, liquidity, stability, and activity. Results : Patient revenues, total assets, and total capital had increased steadily but patient expenses had increased to a greater extent. Operating profit, and net profit were consistently in deficits and the management status of local public hospitals had recently been in difficulty. The debt ratio, quick ratio, ratio of fixed liability and fixed assets turnover rate have a significant positive(+) effect on performance in the years 2013-2015. Conclusions : We suggest management strategies for these hospitals based on the results analyzed.

• Journal of Consumption Culture
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.93-118
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of a householder's working type on household saving from the perspective of precautionary saving behavior theory and the determinants of household saving by householder's working type. The data for this study was from the 2009 year of the Korea Welfare Panel Survey (KOWEPS), consisting of 2,463 households with householders whose working type was regular or non-regular employment(temporary, daily or public work). OLS regression analyses and Chow-tests were performed. In the regression analyses, the dependent variables for household saving were precautionary saving and precautionary asset. Precautionary saving was operationalized with the amount of average monthly saving and the ratio of average monthly saving to average monthly disposable income, and precautionary asset was operationalized with the amount of financial assets and the ratio of financial assets to net assets. The independent variables were household income, household assets, householder's working type(regular, non-regular), householder's age, sex, education level and marriage status, income level, the number of household members, housing type, debt, and public transfer income. Monthly average total consumption expenditures for household income, and net assets for household assets, the existence of spouse for marriage status, poverty for income level were used. Public transfer income was classified into three, social insurance, basic assistance and government assistance. For the analyses, Stata 11.0 version was used. The results are as follows: Householder's working type was significantly related to the precautionary saving behavior of a household. However, the precautionary saving and the precautionary asset of a household with a householder in non-regular working type was lower than those of a household with a householder in regular working type. This result is not consistent with the expectation from the perspective of precautionary saving behavior that the saving of a household with a householder in non-regular working type is expected to be higher than that of a household with a householder in regular working type. According to the analyses of the determinants for precautionary saving behavior by householder's working type, monthly average total consumption expenditures, debt, net assets, poverty, the number of household members, basic assistance were statistically significant variables. The positive relation of basic assistance to precautionary saving(the amount of average monthly saving and the ratio of average monthly saving)is a noteworthy result in the analyses of the determinants for household saving by householder's working type. The above results suggest the followings. First, it is easy to predict the unstability of economic life of a household with a householder in non-regular working type because of relatively low precautionary saving and precautionary asset. The reason for the low precautionary saving and the low precautionary asset may be a low current income of the household in spite of its willingness to save. If this reasoning is possible, it suggests that policies are needed for households with householders in non-regular working type to save. Second, the relatively low precautionary saving and precautionary asset of a household with a householder in non-regular working type suggest also their long-term economic stability. This suggests they need to try a long-term financial planning even though they have limitations to save for future because of their low current income. It is necessary to develop the financial planning for the households with unstable incomes. Third, the determinants for precautionary saving behavior by householder's working type were mostly the ones which reflect the economic condition of a household. This suggests that the economic condition of a household is a core factor for household saving. Consequently, it emphasizes the efforts for a household to acquire the adequate level of income for saving. Forth, the positive relation of basic assistance to precautionary saving(the amount of average monthly saving and the ratio of average monthly saving) suggests the possibility for a household to accumulate the precautionary saving and the precautionary asset in the channel of basic assistance.