• Mycobiology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.368-377
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• 2019

The genus Macrolepiota (Agaricales, Basidiomycota) is easy to recognize at the genus level because of big, fleshy basidiocarps with squamules covering the pileus; a single or double annulus; and big, thick-walled basidiospores with a germ pore. However, morphological identification is often unreliable in Macrolepiota due to similar morphological features among species. Due to the uncertainty of previous morphological identification in the genus Macrolepiota, it is necessary to re-examine Korean Macrolepiota using molecular data. We reexamined 34 Macrolepiota specimens collected from 2012 to 2018 in Korea using a reverse taxonomic approach, whereby species identification was first done based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region analysis, followed by morphological confirmation. We identified the presence of four species: M. detersa, M. mastoidea, M. procera, and M. umbonata sp. nov. Two species (M. detersa and M. mastoidea) were previously unrecorded from Korea and M. umbonata is a new species. Detailed descriptions of all four species and taxonomic key are provided in this study. Macrolepiota procera and M. umbonata are distributed through the country, but M. detersa and M. mastoidea are distributed only in limited areas. According to our results, the combination of ITS locus and morphology proved to be a robust approach to evaluate the taxonomic status of Macrolepiota species in Korea. Additional surveys are needed to verify the species diversity and clarify their geographic distribution.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.47-51
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• 1974

In order to prove the similarity relationships between the basic species of oak through Electronic Data Processing System(EDPS) and numerical analysis, The analized species and datas were selected from the list of morphological observation in the thesis of T.B. Lee, 1961, "Phytogenetic study of the subgenus Lepidobalanus of the genus Quercus in Korea", and were coded by categories shown in Table 1. The value in the list were transformed into hundred percentage to standardize the observational value by each code into dimensionless. The similarity index between species were computed through formula of non-metric coefficient, $N_{jk}=\sum\limits_{i=1}^{n}\(\frac{{\mid}x_{ij}-x_{ik}{\mid}}{x_{ij}+x_{ik}}\)$, using the UNiVAC-1106, at National Computer Center. Quercus aliena, by analysis result, is most similar to Q. mongolica with the similarity index, 71.6 and Q. dentata is most far apart from Q. serrata in the relationship with index, 121.4. The above thesis of Professor, T. Lee, are closely similar with the result of this research study. But, their similar relationship are proved in quantity through numerical method in our research study. In addition, The relationships among Q. mongolica, Q. aliena and Q. serrata are found to be very similar, but Q. dentata to be enough far in similarity to other species by dendrogram shown at Fig. 1. The numerical classification through EDPS is found to be suitable method also applicable to the plant taxonomy.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.182-187
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• 2004

Strain NR $15-1^T$ isolated from traditional Korean Nuruk is described as a new species and named as Aspergillus coreanus NR $15-1^T$ sp. novo Strain NR $15-1^T$ grew rapidly to form yellow-green colonies whose surfaces were velvety on Czapek solution agar. Conidial heads were yellow to light and elliptical, whereas the conidiophore was colorless and typically long. In addition, vesicles were from flask-shaped to globose, and sterigmata are uniseriate. Conidia were spherical and deep yellow-green, and their surfaces were lightly roughened. The G＋C content of strain NR $15-1^T$ was 51 mol% and strain NR $15-1^T$contained a dihydrogenated ubiquinone with Q9 (94.9%) as a major quinone. The nucleotide sequences of strain NR $15-1^T$ in the two Internal Transcribed Spacers (ITS 1 and 2) and 5.8S rDNA showed highest similarity when compared with that of A. tubingensis and A. phoenicis NRRL $365^T$. However, based on morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics, this strain was different from A. tubingensis and A. phoenicis NRRL $365^T$. On the basis of the data presented, it is proposed that strain NR $15-1^T$ should be placed in the genus Aspergillus as a new species, Aspergillus coreanus sp. novo Therefore, the type strain of the new species is strain NR $15-1^T$ (=KCTC 18075P^T,=KCCM 80006^T$.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.457-462
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• 2013

Molecular study were conducted to evaluate taxonomic identities of Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. and Echinochloa crus-galli var. echinata (Willd.) Honda in Dokdo. Echinochloa crus-galli complex of two species 26 individuals analyse based on nuclear ribosomal DNA (ITS region) and cpDNA (trnH-psbA, trnL-F). At a result, two species were same sequence. Characters the length of the lemma and the length of the awn traits were identity of the species was unclear. According to, Taxonomy treatments that is based on existent morphological characters should thinks again. On the other hand, in the case of ITS, Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv. and Echinochloa crus-galli var. echinata (Willd.) Honda at the Dokdo forms from other clades with individuals that is collected at land area and Ulleungdo. These result is showing that is flowing independent evolution trends.

• Journal of Species Research
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.492-531
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• 2020

This study is based on crane fly specimens collected from 1936-2019 and are in collections maintained at the United States National Museum, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC, USA; the Snow Entomological Museum, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS, USA; the Hungarian Natural History Museum in Budapest, Hungary, and the National Institute of Biological Resources, Incheon, South Korea. The genus Dicranophragma Osten Sacken, 1860 with two species D. (Brachylimnophila) transitorium (Alexander, 1941) and D. (Dicranophragma) melaleucum melaleucum (Alexander, 1933), is a new record for the Korean Peninsula. New findings of Dicranomyia (Erostrata) submelas Kato et al., 2018, Dicranoptycha venosa Alexander, 1924a, Austrolimnophila (Archilimnophila) subunicoides(Alexander, 1950b), A. (A.) unica (Osten Sacken, 1869), A. (Austrolimnophila) asiatica (Alexander, 1925), Conosia irrorata (Wiedemann, 1828), Eloeophila persalsa (Alexander, 1940), E. serenensis (Alexander, 1940), E. subaprilina (Alexander, 1919), E. ussuriana ussuriana (Alexander, 1933), E. yezoensis (Alexander, 1924b), Paradelphomyia chosenica Alexander, 1950b, and P. macracantha Alexander, 1957 are discussed. General information on genera and subgenera morphological characters, redescriptions of species based on Korean specimens, illustrations of both sexes, elevation range, period of activity, habitat information, general distribution, and a distribution map for the Korean Peninsula (including North Korea) are presented for each species.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.311-315
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• 2012

A novel ${\beta}$-proteobacterium, designated BXN5-$27^T$, was isolated from soil of a ginseng field of Baekdu Mountain in China, and was characterized using a polyphasic approach. The strain was Gram-staining-negative, aerobic, motile, non-spore-forming, and rod shaped. Strain BXN5-$27^T$ exhibited ${\beta}$-glucosidase activity that was responsible for its ability to transform ginsenoside $Rb_1$ (one of the dominant active components of ginseng) to compound Rd. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that this strain belonged to the family Comamonadaceae; it was most closely related to Ramlibacter henchirensis $TMB834^T$ and Ramlibacter tataouinensis$TTB310^T$ (96.4% and 96.3% similarity, respectively). The G+C content of the genomic DNA was 68.1%. The major menaquinone was Q-8. The major fatty acids were $C_{16:0}$, summed feature 4 (comprising $C_{16:1}$ ${\omega}7c$ and/or iso-$C_{15:0}$ 2OH), and $C_{17:0}$ cyclo. Genomic and chemotaxonomic data supported the affiliation of strain BXN5-$27^T$ to the genus Ramlibacter. However, physiological and biochemical tests differentiated it phenotypically from the other established species of Ramlibacter. Therefore, the isolate represents a novel species, for which the name Ramlibacter ginsenosidimutans sp. nov. is proposed, with the type strain being BXN5-$27^T$ (=DSM $23480^T$ = LMG $24525^T$ = KCTC $22276^T$).

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.20 no.10
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• pp.1386-1392
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• 2010

A bacterial strain designated GR5$^T$, previously isolated from a freshwater culture pond in Taiwan while screening for bacteria for antimicrobial compounds, was characterized using a polyphasic taxonomic approach. Strain GR5$^T$ was found to be Gram-negative, aerobic, greenish-yellow colored, rod-shaped, and motile by means of a single polar flagellum. Growth occurred at $10-40^{\circ}C$ (optimum, $35^{\circ}C$), pH 7.0-8.0 (optimum pH 8.0), and with 0-2.0% NaCl (optimum, 0.5-1.0%). The major fatty acids were $C_{16:1}{\omega}7c$(36.3%), $C_{16:0}$(16.6%), $C_{12:0}$ 3-OH (12.5%), and $C_{18:1}{\omega}7c$(9.1%). The major respiratory quinone was Q-8, and the DNA G+C content of the genomic DNA was 51.9 mol%. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain GR5$^T$ belongs to the genus Rheinheimera, where its most closely related neighbors are Rheinheimera texasensis A62-14B$^T$ and Rheinheimera tangshanensis JA3-B52$^T$ with sequence similarities of 98.1% and 97.5%, respectively, and the sequence similarities to any other recognized species within Gammaproteobacteria are less than 96.5%. The mean level of DNA-DNA relatedness between strain GR5$^T$ and R. texasensis A62-14B$^T$, the strain most closely related to the isolate, was $26.5{\pm}7.6%$. Therefore, based on the phylogenetic and phenotypic data, strain GR5$^T$ should be classified as a novel species, for which the name Rheinheimera aquatica sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is GR5$^T$ (=BCRC 80081$^T$=LMG 25379$^T$).

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.411-420
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• 2003

To examine the seed morphology in Korean Orobanchaceae, seeds of 5 species including 1 variety in five genera and one related taxon, Boschniakia himalaica Hook. f. & Thomson in Hook. f. from the Himalaya (7 taxa in total) were investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Two different seed types are recognized depending on three characters (e.g, .the seed size, seed coat structure and seed number per fruit). - Type I: size less than 1mm, seed coat structure reticulate and seed number per fruit more than ca. 1,000; Type II: size more than 1 mm, exotesta irregularly crested and seed number per fruit less than 1,000 (Lathraea japonicu Miq.). In Type I, three subtypes of exotesta internal surface pattern can also be classified; (1) Subtype Ia: reticulate - include irregularly striate (Ia') and deeply reticulate (Ia"), (2) Subtype Ib: foveolate, (3) Subtype Ic: smooth. Systematics application of the seed morphological data for the Korean Orobanchaceae is also briefly discussed.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.309-321
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• 2007

Korea national arboretum has worked with the plant taxonomic society of Korea to make the first fully electronic floristic checklist in Korea. The result is an ever-expanding online plant name index containing scientifically authorative, up-to-date information on the approximately 7,000 taxa including cultivars. With 37 contributing taxonomists, KPNI is the largest collaborative research projects ever assembled in Korea. A comprehensive database model for the taxonomic data from literature and other sources is presented, which was devised for the Korea National Plant Index database project (KPNI). Gwangreung database model is based on an approach using entity-relationsip diagram. It encompasses taxa of all ranks, nothotaxa and hybrid formulae, cultivars, full synonymy, basionyms, Korean name, and other nomenclatural information. Ths paper presents an analysis of KPNI work processes and an overview how we are approaching the construction of Gwangreung databaese model. It can help the system engineers of other biological information systems to develop their database based on the accurate and integrative taxonomic database.

• Korean Journal of Plant Taxonomy
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.225-237
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• 2007

In order to estimate the genetic relationships among four taxa of Korean Symplocaceae and their regional populations, RAPDs analysis was performed. The length of the amplified DNA fragments ranged from 150 to 1,900 bp. Ninety-two RAPD bands were scored for 11 primers and the genetic distance was calculated with by Nei-Li's genetic dissimilarity. Deciduous and evergreen groups were clearly separated in the UPGMA analysis. Symplocos coreana was clustered as a distinct group, and S. sawafutagi and S. tanakana were also clustered at specific level, respectively. The RAPD data was useful to cognize the genetic variation and to discuss the relationships among Korean Symplocaceae