• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.269-277
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• 2016

Background: The findings of currently available studies are not consistent with regard to the association between the risk of cancer and ginseng consumption. Therefore, we aimed to evaluate this association by conducting a meta-analysis of different studies. Methods: To systematically evaluate the effect of ginseng consumption on cancer incidence, six databases were searched, including PubMed, Ovid Technologies, Embase, The Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Chinese VIP Information, from 1990 to 2014. Statistical analyses based on the protocol employed for a systematic review were conducted to calculate the summary relative risks (RRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: We identified nine studies, including five cohort studies, three case-control studies, and one randomized controlled trial, evaluating the association between ginseng consumption and cancer risk; these studies involved 7,436 cases and 334,544 participants. The data from the meta-analysis indicated a significant 16% lower risk of developing cancer in patients who consumed ginseng (RR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76-0.92), with evidence of heterogeneity (p = 0.0007, $I^2$ = 70%). Stratified analyses suggested that the significant heterogeneity may result from the incidence data for gastric cancer that were included in this study. Publication bias also showed the same result as the stratified analyses. In addition, subgroup analyses for four specific types of cancer (colorectal cancer, lung cancer, gastric cancer, and liver cancer) were also performed. The summary RRs for ginseng intake versus no ginseng consumption were 0.77 for lung cancer, 0.83 for gastric cancer, 0.81 for liver cancer, and 0.77 for colorectal cancer. Conclusion: The findings of this meta-analysis indicated that ginseng consumption is associated with a significantly decreased risk of cancer and that the effect is not organ specific.

• 한국간호교육학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.15-26
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• 2017

Purpose: This study evaluated the efficacy of a communication ability enhancement program for nursing students in Korea through a systematic review of literature and meta-analysis. Methods: The researchers searched data-bases, including the Data Base Periodical Information Academic, Research Information Sharing Service, National Digital Science Library and National Assembly Library. The key words used included 'communication' and 'nursing student'. The researchers evaluated articles published up to July 2016. Out of 381 selected articles, 20 clinical trial studies were meta-analyzed. Each article was evaluated in accordance with the Checklist of Scottish Intercollegiate Guideline Network. The effect size of communication ability, self-efficacy and interpersonal relations were synthesized by a random effects model from analysis software (R 3.2.3). The heterogeneity of effect size was analyzed by exploratory and confirmatory moderator analysis. Results: The overall effect size of the program was of a moderate level (SMD=0.78, 95% CI: 0.49~1.07) along with each outcome of self-efficacy (SMD=0.80, 95% CI: 0.23~1.37), and interpersonal relations (SMD=0.47, 95% CI: 0.14~0.80). For heterogeneity, moderator analysis was performed, by grade, and a statistically significant moderator was found. Conclusion: It is evident that a communication ability enhancement program for nursing students is moderately effective in improving communication ability, self-efficacy and interpersonal relations.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.241-255
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• 2020

Background: The stem exclusion stage is a stage of forest development that is important for understanding the subsequent understory reinitiation stage and maturation stage during which horizontal heterogeneity is formed. Over the past 11 years (2009-2019), we observed a deciduous broad-leaved forest in the Albongbunji Basin in Ulleungdo, South Korea in its stem exclusion stage, where Fagus engleriana (Engler's beech) is the dominant species, thereby analyzing the changes in the structure (density and size distributions), function (biomass and species richness), and demographics. Results: The mean stem density data presented a bell-shaped curve with initially increasing, peaking, and subsequently decreasing trends in stem density over time, and the mean biomass data showed a sigmoidal pattern indicating that the rate of biomass accumulation slowed over time. Changes in the density and biomass of Fagus engleriana showed a similar trend to the changes in density and biomass at the community level, which is indicative of the strong influence of this species on the changing patterns of forest structure and function. Around 2015, a shift between recruitment and mortality rates was observed. Deterministic processes were the predominant cause of tree mortality in our study; however, soil deposition that began in 2017 in some of the quadrats resulted in an increase in the contribution of stochastic processes (15% in 2019) to tree mortality. The development of horizontal heterogeneity was observed in forest gaps. Conclusions: Our observations showed a dramatic shift between the recruitment and mortality rates in the stem exclusion stage, and that disturbance increases the uncertainty in forest development increases. The minor changes in species composition are likely linked to regional species pool and the limited role of the life-history strategy of species such as shade tolerance and habitat affinity. Our midterm records of ecological succession exhibited detailed demographic dynamics and contributed to the improvement of an ecological perspective in the stem exclusion stage.

• 한국경제지리학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.400-410
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• 2021

본 연구는 2000년부터 2019년까지 우리나라 16개 광역시·도의 패널자료를 활용하여 확장된 STIRPAT 모형을 통해 이산화탄소 배출량 결정요인을 분석하였다. 패널 데이터의 횡단면 의존성과 계수 이질성을 검정한 후, 이들 특성을 반영한 MG, CCEMG, AMG 추정법을 통해 분석하였다. AMG 추정법을 통해 분석한 결과를 살펴보면, 소득, 인구, 에너지 집약도의 계수가 양(+)의 부호로 통계적으로 유의하게 나타났으나, 도시화는 통계적으로 유의하지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 우리나라 이산화탄소 배출량의 감소는 에너지 효율의 증가와 지속가능한 경제성장을 통해 이루어질 수 있다. 따라서 이산화탄소 감축기술의 적극적인 개발로 저탄소 사회를 구축하고, 이와 함께 기술혁신을 통해 장기적으로 생산성 향상을 유발하여 지속가능한 경제성장에 기여할 수 있는 정책수립이 필요하다.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.425-440
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• 2023

Background: Muscimol's quick onset and GABAergic properties make it a promising candidate for the treatment of pain. This systematic review and meta-analysis of preclinical studies aimed at summarizing the evidence regarding the efficacy of muscimol administration in the amelioration of nerve injury-related neuropathic pain. Methods: Two independent researchers performed the screening process in Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science extracting data were extracted into a checklist designed according to the PRISMA guideline. A standardized mean difference (SMD [95% confidence interval]) was calculated for each. To assess the heterogeneity between studies, ² and chi-square tests were utilized. In the case of heterogeneity, meta-regression and subgroup analyses were performed to identify the potential source. Results: Twenty-two articles met the inclusion criteria. Pooled data analysis showed that the administration of muscimol during the peak effect causes a significant reduction in mechanical allodynia (SMD = 1.78 [1.45-2.11]; P < 0.0001; I² = 72.70%), mechanical hyperalgesia (SMD = 1.62 [1.28-1.96]; P < 0.0001; I² = 40.66%), and thermal hyperalgesia (SMD = 2.59 [1.79-3.39]; P < 0.0001; I² = 80.33%). This significant amendment of pain was observed at a declining rate from 15 minutes to at least 180 minutes post-treatment in mechanical allodynia and mechanical hyperalgesia, and up to 30 minutes in thermal hyperalgesia (P < 0 .0001). Conclusions: Muscimol is effective in the amelioration of mechanical allodynia, mechanical hyperalgesia, and thermal hyperalgesia, exerting its analgesic effects 15 minutes after administration for up to at least 3 hours.

• Journal of information and communication convergence engineering
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.287-294
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• 2011

This paper proposes a search system using the topic maps that it extends XMDR into Knowledge based XMDR for solving of the problems of the heterogeneity of distributed data on a network and integrate data by an efficient way. The proposed system combined Topic Maps and the extended metadata registry effectively. The Topic Maps represent related knowledge and reasoning relationship by associations of topic. And the extended metadata registry standards and manages the metadata of the local systems through registration and certification on the distributed environment. We also proposed a meta layer, include the meta topic and meta association to achieve semantic classification grouping of topics and to define relationship between Topic Maps and extended metadata registry.

• 기술경영경제학회:학술대회논문집
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• 기술경영경제학회 2006년도 제28회 동계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.44-77
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• 2006

The technological innovation has been recognized critical factors of productivity of firms and key contribution of improvement of firm performance for a long time. Many researchers have investigated the relationship between R&D investment or patents as a proxy of innovation and productivity. But there were some problem such as lacking of data and ambiguity of innovation definition. So, previous literatures have some difficulty in reliability of analysis for using only survey data. And investigating the relationship R&D and other factors is very difficult. Therefore, this paper tries to investigate and analysis the relationship between innovation and performance of Korean manufacturing firms. Using KIS2002(Korean Innovation survey 2002) which was based on Oslo manual in 2002 and financial data of firms (KISINFO), I will intend to establish the reliability of multiple analysis. In detail, I will investigate whether the innovation input have effect on the innovation output, whether the innovation output have effect on productivity for heterogeneity and what factor of innovation environment have effect on the innovation itself.

• 한국디지털정책학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국디지털정책학회 2006년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.355-361
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• 2006

It has lately been recognized that the sharing and exchanging of the research results information is the critical factor to improve the research productivity. So many institutions are planning or developing the information systems which provide the research information services for researcher. But it has very difficulty in integrating the research resources information due to the dispersion and heterogeneity in data sources, and semantic and structural difference in describing data. We propose the semantic web based methodology and conceptual framework for raising the interoperability of metadata about research results information, which will support the integration of the distributed research data for information services in the end. Finally we proposed the conceptual architecture of research information service system which shows the main components, the functional requirements, and the principal and design direction at implementing the system.

• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.203-209
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• 2009

Frailty models are useful for the analysis of correlated and/or heterogeneous survival data. However, the inferences of fixed parameters, rather than random effects, have been mainly studied. The prediction (or estimation) of random effects is also practically useful to investigate the heterogeneity of the hospital or patient effects. In this paper we propose how to extend the prediction method for random effects in HGLMs (hierarchical generalized linear models) to log-normal semiparametric frailty models with nonparametric baseline hazard. The proposed method is demonstrated by a simulation study.

• 한국지구물리탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지구물리탐사학회 2003년도 Proceedings of the international symposium on the fusion technology
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• pp.719-722
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• 2003

This paper presents the development of reservoir characterization model equipped with parallelized genetic algorithm, and its application for a heterogeneous reservoir system with integration of the well data and multi-phase production data. A parallel processing method performed by PC-cluster was applied to the developed model in order to reduce time for an inverse calculation. By utilizing the developed model, we performed the inverse calculation with the production data obtained from three layered reservoir system to estimate porosity and permeability distribution. As a result, the pressures observed at well almost identical to those calculated by the developed model. Also, it was confirmed that parallel processing could be applied for reservoir characterization study efficiently.