• Journal of the Korean Data and Information Science Society
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.1019-1031
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• 2004

This paper describes a new modeling method for the prediction of transmembrane protein topology. The structural regions of the transmembrane protein have been modeled by means of a multiple state hidden Markov model that has provided for the detailed modeling of the heterogeneous amino acid distributions of each structural region. Grammatical constraints have been incorporated to the prediction method in order to capture the biological order of membrane protein topology. The proposed method correctly predicted 76% of all membrane spanning regions and 92% sidedness of the integration when all membrane spanning regions were found correctly.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2002.11c
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• pp.264-267
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• 2002

This paper proposed a effective priority selection algorithm named weighted round-robin algorithm and show the implementation result of DMAC priority selection module using prosed weighted round-robin algorithm. I parameterize timing constraints of each functional module, which decide the effectiveness of system. Proposed weighted round-robin algorithm decide the most effective module for data transmission using parameterize timing constraints and update timing parameter of each module for next transmission module selection. I implement DMAC priority selection module using this weighted round-robin algorithm and can improve the timing effective for data transmission from memory to functional module or one functional module to another functional module.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1991.10b
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• pp.1883-1887
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• 1991

Identification theory for linear discrete system has been presented by a great many reference, but research works for identification of continuous-time system are less than preceding identification. In fact, a great man), systems for engineering are continuous-time systems, hence, research for identification of continuous-time system has important meaning. This paper offers the following results: 1. Corresponding relations for the parameters of continuous-time model and discrete model may be shown, when single input-output system has general characteristic roots. 2. To do identification of single variable continuity linear system with stability constraints from samples of input-output data, it is necessary to use optimization with stability constraints. 3. Main results of this paper may be explained by a simple example.

• Journal of Korean Elementary Science Education
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• v.36 no.1
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• pp.16-30
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• 2017

The purpose of this study was to interpret modeling-based elementary science lessons from a perspective of distributed cognition. Data sources included three consecutive elementary science lessons dealing with particle models of gases and students' worksheet generated from modeling activities during the lessons. The data were analyzed in ways that could reveal the affordances and constraints of students' mental models and an external model in the science textbook, as well as the evolution of the models. The results showed that the students' mental models and the external model provided both affordances for and constraints to scientific problem solving and that the models evolved in the process of overcoming the constraints. Implications for science lessons and science education research were suggested.

• Journal of KIISE:Software and Applications
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.342-356
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• 2000

We present a static analysis method to automatically generate test data that raise exceptions in input programs. Using the test data from our analysis, a programmer can check whether the raised exceptions are correctly handled with respect to the program's specification. For a given program, starting from the initial constraint that a particular raise expression should be executed, our analysis derives necessary constraints for its input variable. Correctness of our analysis assures that any value that satisfies the derived constraints for the input variable will activate the designated raise expression. In this paper, we formally present such an analysis for a first-order language with the ML-style exception handling constructs and algebraic data values, prove its correctness, and show a set of examples.

• Journal of the Korean Home Economics Association
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• v.43 no.4 s.206
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• pp.203-223
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• 2005

This study investigated the leisure constraints and leisure life satisfaction of the institutional elderly. The respondents were 302 elderly people residing in 5 free institutionalized elderly homes in Seoul. The data were analyzed by frequency analysis, factor analysis, One-way ANOVA, Duncan's post hoc test and regression analysis using SPSS WIN 12.0 program. Exploratory factor analysis revealed that the 10 items in the proposed scale could be grouped into four factors of constraint on leisure:'physical constraint','psychological constraint','interpersonal constraint', and 'structural constraint 'There were differences in leisure constraints according to sex, age, education degree, interaction with facility colleagues, and interaction with facility staff. There were differences in leisure life satisfaction according to sex, age, having religion or not, interaction with facility colleagues, interaction with facility staff and leisure constraints. Regression analysis results indicated that the main effective factors of leisure life satisfaction were leisure constraints.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.6 no.10
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• pp.2529-2547
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• 2012

In this paper, we use a quadrotor-based mobile sink to gather sensor data from the terrestrial deployed wireless sensor network. By analyzing the flight features of the mobile sink node, we theoretically study the flight constraints of height, velocity, and trajectory of the mobile sink node so as to communicate with the terrestrial wireless sensor network. Moreover, we analyze the data amount which the mobile sink can send when it satisfies these flight constraints. Based on these analysis results, we propose a data acquisition approach for the mobile sink node, which is discussed detailed in terms of network performance such as the transmission delay, packet loss rate, sojourning time and mobile trajectory when given the flying speed and height of the mobile sink node. Extensive simulation results validate the efficiency of the proposed scheme.

• The Bulletin of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.48.4-49
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• 2020

We reconstruct the expansion history of the universe using type Ia supernovae (SN Ia) in a manner independent of any cosmological model assumptions. To do so, we implement a nonparametric iterative smoothing method on the Joint Light-curve Analysis (JLA) data while exploring the SN Ia light-curve hyperparameter space by Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) sampling. We test to see how the posteriors of these hyperparameters depend on cosmology, whether using different dark energy models or reconstructions shift these posteriors. Our constraints on the SN Ia light-curve hyperparameters from our model-independent analysis are very consistent with the constraints from using different parameterizations of the equation of state of dark energy, namely the flat ΛCDM cosmology, the Chevallier-Polarski-Linder model, and the Phenomenologically Emergent Dark Energy (PEDE) model. This implies that the distance moduli constructed from the JLA data are mostly independent of the cosmological models. We also studied that the possibility the light-curve parameters evolve with redshift and our results show consistency with no evolution. The reconstructed expansion history of the universe and dark energy properties also seem to be in good agreement with the expectations of the standard ΛCDM model. However, our results also indicate that the data still allow for considerable flexibility in the expansion history of the universe. This work is published in ApJ.

• Korean Business Review
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.139-156
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• 2009

Mountain tourism is regarded as an important inbound tourist destination for the whole world. The Himalayan Mountains are house of world's highest peaks that includes over 100 mountains exceeding 8,500 meters. However limited dimension of visitors constraints and motivation has been reported about the high altitude mountain. This research work permits the identification of some of the motivation and constraints related to the decision making of tourism in high altitude mountains. The study was conducted in Korea, Indian state (Sikkim), and Nepal (Kathmandu) due to the popularity and the major destination for mountain tourism. A set of 9 motive, 45 motivation items and 40 constraints were initially generated from a review of research pertaining to visitor motivation and constraints. They were considered to be the most appropriate for measuring visitors motivation and constraints for experiencing high altitude mountain tourism. Validity of dimensionality and inter correlation was evaluated by factor analysis investigation and analysis of obtained data revealed that constraints of Korean are significantly higher than Indian and other inbound tourist. Among the major constraints structural constraints were recorded higher for Indian, Korean and other visitors. Similarly, motives of different visitors varied significantly. This analysis also revealed that Korean motives for travelling were influenced by health and pleasure, whereas, Indian and others motives were mostly related to knowledge seeking and adventure. The environmental importance were given priority by all the countries. The purpose of this study includes; (1) To identify the motives of visitors in high altitude destinations. (2) To analysis the major motivation factor for the altitude tourism. (3) To report the major constraints of visitors travelling to the high altitude. (4) To study whether the strength of motivation help to overcome the constraints.

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2019

Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between corporate social responsibility disclosure (CSRD) and investment-cash flow sensitivity, which is a surrogate for financing constraints. Research design, data, and methodology - Taking China's A-share listed companies between 2009 and 2016 as a sample, this paper empirically tests the relationship between CSRD and investment-cash flow sensitivity by Panel VAR model. By introducing the orthogonal impulse response function, this paper distinguishes the fundamental factors and financial ones that affect corporate investment behavior. Results - Findings indicate that: (1) investment-cash flow sensitivity of firms with low level of CSRD is significantly lower than that of firms with high level of CSRD; (2) the orthogonal impulse response of corporate investment to cash flow in firms with high level of CSRD is significantly different from zero, but it is not significant in firms with low level of CSRD; (3) for firms with low level of CSRD, 0.7% of corporate investment volatility can be explained by the change in cash flow, which is lower than that of firms with high level of CSRD (1.1%). Conclusions - Corporations disclosing more and higher quality CSRD are often those faced with financing constraints. Voluntary disclosure can help them alleviate information asymmetry and financing constraints.