• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.1-24
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• 2007

With its foreign trade rapidly expanding and with economic growth continuing at a substantial rate, China has become the largest container traffic generating country in the world. And with trend of container ships becoming larger and faster, the environment surrounding ports in North-East Asia are rapidly changing. The Yangsan, offshore port for Shanghai, being developed on the islands of Da Yangsan and Xiao Yangsan, some 30km offshore, and connected to the mainland by the six-lane highway Donghai bridge, opened phase one in late 2005 and phase two in 2006 respectively and will have 29 berths by 2012 and be able to handle 15 million TEU. The Port of Shanghai which passed Busan in terms of container volume further consolidated its position as the world's No. 3 port with an annual volume of 21.7 million TEU in 2006 and is likely to have emerged as the biggest container port in the world. The Port of Busan, the world's fifth largest container port, wants to survive as regional hub port. In this circumstance, the strategies of the Port of Busan should be established.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.337-344
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• 2023

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate changes in the lower extremity kinematics of subjects with dynamic knee valgus after we applied non-elastic tape while they performed overhead squat. Methods: Twenty-five subjects (12 females, 13 males) with dynamic knee valgus participated in this study. Hip and knee joint kinematics and medial knee displacement were measured during overhead squat with and without hip correction taping. Results: Hip joint internal rotation, knee valgus, and medial knee displacement were significantly lower during overhead squat with hip correction taping than without hip correction taping, but there was no significant difference in hip joint flexion and abduction. Conclusion: Hip joint correction using non-elastic taping is recommended to subjects with dynamic knee valgus to improve their lower extremity movement and alignment during overhead squat.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.107-116
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• 2020

Purpose: To investigate the effects of electromyography (EMG) biofeedback on the muscle activity of the trapezius, shoulder pain, function, and range of motion (ROM) in patients with subacromial impingement syndrome (SAIS). Methods: Sixteen patients (9 males and 7 females) with SAIS participated voluntarily. The main outcome measures were muscle activity of the trapezius, shoulder pain (VAS), ROM, and the shoulder pain and disability index (SPADI). Exercises with EMG biofeedback consisted of shoulder flexion in a standing position, shoulder external rotation in a side-lying position, and shoulder horizontal abduction in a prone position. Post measurements were taken immediately after EMG biofeedback training. Results: Middle and lower trapezius activity, as well as ROM, was significantly increased by exercise with EMG biofeedback (p<0.05). In addition, VAS and SPADI scores significantly decreased post-EMG biofeedback training (p<0.05). Conclusion: EMG biofeedback intervention is an effective exercise for SAIS patients to restore activity of the middle and lower trapezius and to improve pain, shoulder function, and ROM.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.641-653
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• 2013

This study analyzed the location of manufacturing industries and works' residence in Yangsan city of which large part of industries were relocated from Busan metropolitan area along the industrial suburbanization process. Through the field survey, in-depth interview, and analysis of statistical data, the study tried to describe the relocation characteristics of manufacturing industries in Yangsan city. The results of the analysis are as follows: 1. The relocation rate of manufacturing industries from Busan to Yangsan was very high in 1980s. As a result of analysis, the first prime factor on relocation was the site problem for industrial land use. But for the newly starting industries, the most important factor was the subcontract networks among industries which differed from relocated ones. 2. The industrial suburbanization process influenced on the industrial structure strongly, as the compositional weight of rubber and plastic industries in Yangsan became greater and the size of the major plants got larger. 3. The manufacturing industries in Yangsan city were widely distributed on the main national industrial districts. Also, they were diffused out to the other places beyond the boundary of industrial districts. 4. The commuting workers' residence in Busan, employed by the plants of Yangsan marked 44.5%. That confirmed the strong influence of Busan labor market.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.87-95
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• 2021

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of talus stability taping during gastrocnemius stretching on ankle passive dorsiflexion, talus posterior glide, and balance in subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion. Methods: Fifteen subjects (eight males and seven females) with limited ankle dorsiflexion participated in this study. Ankle passive dorsiflexion range of motion (ROM), talus posterior glide, and the lower quarter Y-balance test (YBT-LQ) were measured pre-stretching, after applying gastrocnemius stretching (GS), and after applying gastrocnemius stretching with talus stability taping (GSTST). The two types of stretching were performed at random. Results: Ankle passive dorsiflexion ROM was significantly increased by both types of stretching (p < 0.05), and ROM was significantly more increased post-GSTST than post-GS (p < 0.05). In addition, talus posterior glide was significantly increased post-GSTST than pre-stretching and post-GS (p < 0.05). However, there was no significant difference between post-GS and pre-stretching (p > 0.05). YBT-LQ score was significantly increased post-GSTST than pre-stretching (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Gastrocnemius stretching with talus stability taping is an effective method for subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion to improve ankle passive dorsiflexion, talus posterior gliding, and balance.

• PNF and Movement
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.19-25
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• 2023

Purpose: The aim of this study is to determine the effects of gastrocnemius stretching with talus-stabilizing taping on ankle dorsiflexion and subtalar joint pronation during walking. Methods: In total, 26 subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion were equally divided into two groups: a gastrocnemius stretching with talus-stabilizing taping group (13 subjects) and a gastrocnemius stretching group (13 subjects). They were assessed according to ankle dorsiflexion and subtalar joint pronation during walking before and after an intervention, which involved two types of gastrocnemius stretches performed three times a week for six weeks. Results: Ankle dorsiflexion was significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), though the gastrocnemius stretching with talus-stabilizing taping group showed a significantly greater improvement in ankle dorsiflexion than the gastrocnemius stretching group (p<0.05). However, subtalar joint pronation showed no difference between the two groups before and after (p>0.05), also between groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: Gastrocnemius stretching with talus-stabilizing taping is a useful stretching exercise that improves ankle dorsiflexion during walking in subjects with limited ankle dorsiflexion movement.

• The Korean Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2014

Endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) are known to play an important role in the repair of damaged blood vessels. We used an endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming assay (EPC-CFA) to determine whether EPC numbers could be increased in healthy individuals through regular exercise training. The number of functional EPCs obtained from human peripheral blood-derived AC133 stem cells was measured after a 28-day regular exercise training program. The number of total endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming units (EPC-CFU) was significantly increased compared to that in the control group (p=0.02, n=5). In addition, we observed a significant decrease in homocysteine levels followed by an increase in the number of EPC-CFUs (p=0.04, n=5), indicating that the 28-day regular exercise training could increase the number of EPC colonies and decrease homocysteine levels. Moreover, an inverse correlation was observed between small-endothelial progenitor cell colony-forming units (small-EPC-CFUs) and plasma homocysteine levels in healthy men (r=-0.8125, p=0.047). We found that regular exercise training could increase the number of EPC-CFUs and decrease homocysteine levels, thus decreasing the cardiovascular disease risk in men.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.151-162
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• 1996

Pseudorabies is caused by Pseudorabies virus (PRV: Aujeszky's disease virus) of Herpesviridae that is characterized by 100 to 150nm in size with a linear double-stranded DNA molecule with of approximately $90{\times}10^6Da$. This disease affects most of domestic animals such as swine, cattle, dog, sheep, cat, chicken, etc. causing high mortality and economic losses. In swine, young piglets show high mortality and pregnant sows, reproductive failures. However the adult swine reveals no clinical signs in general. But they become a carrier state and play an important role for propagation of the disease. In this study, the nucleotide sequence of major casid protein gene of PRV, Yangsan strain isolated from the diseased swine in Korea was analyzed, and the recombinant MCP was produced by expression of the MCP gene in Sf-9 cell using baculovirus transfer vector system. As result, in BamHI digestion, MCP gene locus of PRV YS strain showed different from that of Indiana S strain. The patterns of enzyme mapping were also found to be unidentical each other. The sequence of the MCP gene partially analyzed showed 98.09% identity to Indiana S strain. The expression of MCP in Sf-9 cell cotransfected by pVLMCP-44 baculovirus expression vector was characterized by Southern blot hybridization, immunofluoresent and immunocytochemical tests, SDS-PAGE and Western blotting. The rMCP with M.W. 142kDa was most effectively expressed in Sf-9 cells at the 3-4th days post inoculation of the recombinant baculovirus by 2 moi.

• Journal of Dental Anesthesia and Pain Medicine
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.101-103
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• 2015

In oral and maxillofacial surgery, many complications associated with nasotracheal tube can be caused. In this case, we reported ballooning tube damage of nasotracheal tube during orthognathic double-jaw surgery and replacement of tube through cut down of tube and tube exchange using airway exchange catheter. The patient scheduled for high Le Fort I osteotomy and bilateral sagittal split osteotomy was intubated nasotracheally with nasal endotracheal tube. During maxilla osteotomy, air bubble was detected in the oral blood. In spite of our repeated ballooning, the results were the same so we changed damaged tube using airway exchange catheter aseptically. Tiny and superficial cutting site was detected in the middle of pilot tube. As we know in our case, tiny injury impeded a normal airway management and prevention is important.

• Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.529-533
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• 2002

The peptides inhibiting angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) were isolated from the hydrolysate of manila clam (Ruditapes philippinamm) proteins prepared with thermolysin. The thermolysin hydrolysate was pretreated with membrane filter (MW cut-off 10,000) to obtain the peptide fraction with ACE inhibition. The crude peptides were applied to a Sephadex LH-20 column and eluted with $30\%$ methanol. The three active fractions (A, B and C) were collected and concentrated, and then applied to a SP-Toyopearl 650S column equilibrated with distilled water and was eluted with a linear gradient of NaCl concentration (0 to 1 M). The four active fractions (A-1, A-2, B-1 and C-1) were collected and concentrated, and then applied to a SuperQ-Toyopearl 650S column equilibrated with distilled water and was eluted with a linear gradient of NaCl concentration (0 to 1 M). The maximum inhibitory activity was observed in the fraction B-1Q showed the IC_{50} values of 0.748 $\mu$g. The abundant amino acids obtained from active fraction B-1Q were leucine, isoleucine, alanine and threonine.