• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.369-382
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to verify the validation of exercise effect with loading deviation during rowing exercise. We performed evaluation of based physical fitness and joint torque before the experiment for finding muscle unbalance. So we recruited twenty four subjects who have bigger muscle strength in more 20% than average one. Subjects divided two groups. One is dominant upper limbs(DU) and the other was dominant lower limbs(DL). Subjects performed rowing exercise using electric equipment (Robo.gym.Humonic.korea). Exercise is performed four sets a day including 25 times a set, and three days a week. Measurement consist of evaluation of based physical fitness and joint torque using biodex(biodex system3.USA). Evaluation of exercise effect performed each week in joint torque of shoulder, lumbar and knee joint and each month in based physical fitness. Also we adapted 30% of 1RM for muscular endurance and 70% of 1RM for muscle strength as exercise load. The results showed that the difference of maximal peak torque were getting increase significantly during exercise. Also difference of various factor in based physical fitness were getting increase significantly except flexibility and agility. This interpreted that rowing exercise with loading deviation types could provide muscle strength and muscular endurance exercise in same time. These results could be interpret to two ways. One is effect of improving physical fitness for rowing exercise and the other meaned validation of loading deviation in rowing exercise. Our study is going to verify the validation of loading deviation during rowing and we found out that loading deviation could provide muscle strength and muscular endurance exercise for improving muscle unbalance. Our study can be used development of exercise equipment and program for normal people with muscle unbalance. Also that provide effect of whole body exercise to anybody.

• 정신신체의학
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.182-193
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• 2001

이 논문의 목적은 여고생을 대상으로 청소년의 식이태도와 이에 영향을 미칠 것으로 기대되는 우울감, 공격성, 충동성 등 심리적 요인과, 콜레스테롤 및 중성지방 등 생물학적 요인의 상관관계를 확인하는 것이다. 이를 통하여 최근 국내에서도 매우 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있는 각종 섭식장애의 1차 예방을 위한 기초자료를 제시하고자한다. 신체질환이 없는 241 명의 여고생을 대상으로 한국판 청소년용 식이태도 검사(EAT-26KA)를 실시하였다. 심리적 요인 가운데 우울감, 충동성, 공격성을 평가하기 위하여 각각 한국판 Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), 한국판 Barrat Impulsiveness Scale (BIS), 한국판 Buss-Durkee Hostility Inventory (BDHI)를 이용하였고 생물학적 요인으로 혈중 콜레스테롤과 중성지방 농도를 측정하였다. 섭식장애 행동에 영향을 미치는 변인을 찾기 위해 식이태도를 종속변인으로 하고 각각의 심리학적 변인들과 생물학적 변인을 독립변인으로 하여 단계적 중다회귀분석을 한 결과, 섭식장애 행동은 BDHI가 가장 잘 설명하고 있는 것으로 나타났으며, 그 다음으로는 BDI, 콜레스테롤/중성지방의 순으로 유의미한 예측변인이었다.

• Journal of Ginseng Research
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.196-200
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• 2004

전 생육기간동안 해가림내의 투광율을 약$8{\%}$로 고정한 대조구와, 생육시기별로 투광율을 $6{\%}$와 $18{\%}$로 조절한 투광량 조절구의 생육시기별 근 개체중 변화, 근 수량, 수삼 및 홍삼품질, 조 saponin 함량 차이를 조사한 결과는 다음과 같다. 6년근시 생육시기별 근 개체중 변화를 조사한 결과 생육시기에 따른 광량조절구가 대조구에 비해 생육후기에 $26{\%}$정도 증가되는 효과를 나타내었다. 그리고 10a당 근 수량은 광량조절구가 대조구에 비해 $40{\%}$정도 증수되었고, 수삼품질은 광량조절구가 1,2등급 비율이 $50.3{\%}$로 대조구의 $12.9{\%}$에 비해 현저히 증가되는 효과를 얻었다. 또한 생육시기별 근 비중을 조사한 결과 광량조절구가 대조구에 비해 4,6년근시 모두 전엽기, 생육중기 및 후기의 근 동체 비중이 유의성 있게 증가되었다. 홍삼품질에 있어서 고급홍삼인 천지삼 생출율은 광량조절구가 $46.4{\%}$로 대조구의 $8.0{\%}$에비해 5배 이상 증가되는 것으로 나타났고, 조 saponin함량에 있어서도 광량조절구가 대조구에 비해 증가되는 경향을 보였다. 이상의 결과를 종합하면 고품질 안전 다수확 재배를 위해서는 저온기(생육초기 및 후기)에 투광율을 증가시키고, 고온기(생육중기)에 투광율을 감소하여 근 비대 및 수삼품질을 향상시키기 위해서 인삼 생육시기별로 투광량을 조절하는 것이 필요하다.

• 전자공학회논문지D
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• 제36D권10호
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• pp.9-16
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• 1999

Flash EEPROM 셀에서 기존의 ONO 구조의 IPD를 사용하면 peripheral MOSFET의 게이트 산화막을 성장할 때에 사용되는 세정 공정을 인하여 ONO 막의 상층 산화막이 식각되어 전하 보존 특성이 크게 열화되었으나 IPD 공정에 ONON 막을 사용하면 그 세정 공정시에 상층 질화막이 상층 산호막이 식각되는 것을 방지시켜 줌으로 전하보존 특성이 크게 개선되었다. ONON IPD 막을 갖고 있는 Flash EEPROM 셀의 전화 보존 특성의 모델링을 위하여 여기서는 굽는(bake) 동안의 전하 손실로 인한 문턱전압 감소의 실험식으로 ${\Delta}V_t\; = \;{\beta}t^me^{-ea/kT}$을 사용하였으며, 측정 결과 ${\beta}$=184.7, m=0.224, Ea=0.31 eV의 값을 얻었다. 이러한 0.31 eV의 활성화 에너지 값은 굽기로 인한 문턱전압의 감소가 층간 질화막 내에서의 트립된 전자들의 이동에 의한 것임을 암시하고 있다. 한편, 그 모델을 사용한 전사 모사의 결과는 굽기의 thermal budget이 낮은 경우에 실험치와 잘 일치하였으나, 반면에 높은 경우에는 측정치가 전사 모사의 결과보다 훨씬 더 크게 나타났다. 이는 thermal budge가 높은 경우에는 프로그램시에 층간 질화막 내에 트립되어 누설전류의 흐름을 차단해 주었던 전자들이 빠져나감으로 인하여 터널링에 의한 누설전류가 발생하였기 때문으로 보여졌다. 이러한 누설전류의 발생을 차단하기 위해서는 ONON 막 중에서 층간 질화막의 두께는 가능한 얇게 하고 상층 산화막의 두께는 가능한 두껍게 하는 것이 요구된다.

• 복식
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• 제29권
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• pp.5-22
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• 1996

the present thesis aims to contribute to the further development of the men's wear indus-try in Korea which now confronts the need to adjust itself more actively to the conditions of the coming age of internationalization and free trade. To achieve this this thesis suggests the trade should provide for the changing domestic needs on theone hand and refine its wares as high value-added products in compe-tition with those from the advanced countries in fashion industry on the other, The history of the 'suit' the standard men's attire dates back to 1850 when the 'Ditto suit' was introduced composed of coat waist coat vest and trousers to remain virtually unchanged till the end of the nineteenth cen-tury and the modern men's wear originated in Britain. In Korea since the introduction of western clothes from 1876 custom-made suits had been dominant until 1944 while western clothes earned popular currency between 1945 and 1964 and ready-made suits began to spread with their advantages recognized in terms of practicality convenience and functionality The next phase from 1965 to 1985 witnessed the establishment of a number of ready-made brands although custom-made suits stayed in their height of prosperity until 1975. The turn-ing point for the men's wear industry came in 1975 when high-calss ready-made brands be-gan to turn up with the arrival of large companies in the market matching the change in consumers' life style. The men's wear market went through further diversification and specialization dur-ing the years between 1985. and 1990. Around the year 1990 however the expansion of the business suit industry came to slow down ac-companied by an oversupplied market. The fashion of pragmatism in the 1990s called for the growth of the casual wear department and as consumers' life style became more and more individualized conscious dressing in accord ance with T.P.O established itself as an important branch of culture, Such casual boom is likely to aid in promoting Korea's men's wear indus-try to peer with that of advanced countries. Consumers' fashion sense is now ahead of the trade's as well as being shortcycled highly individualized stylized and diversified. To meet consumers' demands under such circum-stances each company is required to develop its unique soft Know How based on accurate information and strategically specialized plan-ning. The trade should convert its hithero producer-oriented strategy to a new consumer oriented one and actively lead the needs and purchasin g pattern of consumers by providing an efficient and reasonable price policy with optimum supply of merchandise and also by presenting 'our' trend suited to our circum-stances.

• 복식
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• 제31권
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• pp.145-164
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• 1997

Cinema costume can stimulate the public to synchronize with and replicate what they see in the movies. Especially when the public thinks the stars in the movies . Especially when the public thinks the stars in the movies are beautiful or dramatic the styles of cinema costumes powerfully affect them. Thus cinema costume designers quickey become fashion designers. Edith Head who strongly believed cinema costumes to be an effective means of portraying the Character's personality and psychological make-up was an innovative designer whose costumes manifested this belief. She enhanced the character's individual image and distinction for the public through her artistic design in costumes. She adapted a realistic approach but her costumes invariably produced aesthetic ef-fects. Since the Academy Awards added the category of costume design she led the field with 35 nominations and eight oscars during 33 years of her productive work. Edith head was a dominant figure in costume design; her creations were highly renowned as an art form while they gained popularity. The purpose of this study was to reveal the ef-fects of Edith Head's cinema costume designs on fashion. This study was also to emphasize the powerful influence on ashion of cinema costume and cinema costume designers in general. The study was done through literature movies for which she created costumes fashion magazines and Edith Head's original sketches. The influence of Edith Head's costume de-sign on fashion is as follows: 1. She introduced and lead the casual fashion in the 1950's combining simplicity and sophistication. 2. She altered uniforms and reconstructed public clothing for multiple functions. 3. She rearranged high school prom dresses through the movie 'A Place in the Sun" to en-hance characteristic of each gender and the Dandy Look of the 1930's into men's apparel in the 1970's through the movie "The Sting" 4. She expanded the traditional style in the 1940's and became a leader in ecological style. 5. She adapted glitter from astronaut's ap-parel into public clothing. 6. She resturctured Sabrina Pants in the 1960's to accentuate the individuals strength by overcoming one's weakness without minimi-zing it's aesthetic appeal and reintroduced the pants in the 1990's. 7. She introduced elegant negligees to gen-eral public and maintained it in the public do-main. As it is revealed Edith Head's costume de-sign not only impacted the field of fashion dur-ing her time but also is presently influencing modern fashion throughout the world as it is witnessed by repeated reintroduction of her fashion styles. Reviewing her cinema costumes it is concluded that cinema costumes it is concluded that cinema costumes powerfully af-fect the public through a visual channel more than any other routes. Cinema costumes can become the origin of fashion by stimulating the public to synchronize with and replicate what they see in the movies. Since cinema costumes can launch fashion trend it requires further research. Based on what is revealed in this study. it would be beneficial to examine how cinema costumes affect people socially and culturally and how they could provide resources for re-search in fashion trends. It is also the writers opinion that there should be more designers such as Edith head who could lead the field of costume design into the twenty-first century.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.710-718
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• 2007

This study was designed to investigate the effects of plum(Prunus salicina Lindl. cultivars 'Oishiwase', 'Formosa', and 'Soldam') extracts on the proliferation as well as inhibition of human epithelial cells(HaCaT), human cervical carcinoma (HeLa, SiHa, and C33A) cells, and human stomach adenocarcinoma(SNU 638) cells. Dried plum was sequentially extracted and fractionated by hexane(KC-01), chloroform(KC-02), ethyl acetate(KC-03), n-butanol(KC-04), water(KC-05), methanol(KC-6), and hot water extract(KC-07). The epithelial and cancer cells were exposed for 48 h to $50{\mu}g/mL$ of plum extract in vitro, and were then analysed by a sulforhodamin B(SRB) staining assay. The methanol extract(KCP-6) of 'Formosa' proliferated not only the HaCaT cells(147.3%), but also the cervical carcinoma C33A cells(167.8%). The ethyl acetate extract of 'Soldam'(KCJ-3) significantly reduced the proliferation rate of the HPV positive conical carcinoma cells, at 61.5% for the SiHa cells and 70.5% for the HeLa cells. In the C33A cells, which are HPV negative cervical carcinoma cells, the hexane fractions of 'Formosa'(KCP-1) and 'Oishiwase'(KCD-1) markedly suppressed proliferation activity at 20.4% and 61.7%, respectively. However, the proliferation rate of the normal epithelial cells(HaCaT cell) was not reduced the proliferation rate by KCJ-3, KCP-1, or KCD-1, There were no significant effects on proliferation of the stomach cancer cells(SNU 638) by any of the extracts or fractions of the plum cultivars. These results suggest that the anti-proliferative effects of the plum cultivars were selective to the cancer cell origin. In conclusion, we found that several plum cultivar extracts, especially, the ethyl acetate fraction of 'Soldam" and the hexane fraction of "Formosa', have anti-proliferative activity toward human cervical carcinoma cells. However, further investigation is needed to assess the molecular mechanisms that mediate the antiproliferation activities of the plum cultivars.

• 한국제4기학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.57-68
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• 1997

Climatic change of the late-Quaternary period has been record-ed in the loess deposits of the central Great plains and the record of such change is extractable using a number of approaches and parameters. The stratigraphy of loess deposits which have been investigated on Fort Riley exhibits the same sequence of loess units and intercalated buried soils as is found elsewhere in the re-gion but adds detail unique to the reservation Upland late-Qua-ternary composite stratigraphy preserved on the reservation con-sists of the basal Sangamon soil of the Last interglacial(c. 120-110ka), Gilman Canyon Formation(c. >40 -20ka), Peoria loess(c. 20 -10ka) Brady soil(c. 11 -10ka) Bignell loess(c. 9-\ulcornerka). and mod-ern surface soil. Application of magnetic analyses has provided proxy data sets that represent a time series of climatically regulated pedogenesis/weathering and botanical composition. magetic data have yielded an impression of the variation in climate from Sangamon time to the late Holocene through a reconstruction of the history of pedogenesis/weathering. Sangamon soil formation dominated the reservation durin the Last interglacial as indicated by magnetic parameters. During Gil-man Canyon time loess influx was usually sufficiently slow as to permit pedogenesis which appears to have been at a maximum twice during that time. Warm season grasses were important dur-ing soil formation but diminished in importance during the peri-ods of more rapid loess fall which were cooler and perhaps wet-ter. Peoria loess fall a function of the deterioration of climate during the last Glacial Maximum thinly blanketed the reservation with thickest accumulations occurring to the north-west(Bala Cemetery site)proximal to the source region. Long-term surface stability did not apparently occur within Peoria time but short-term stability may be indicaed by the presence of thin weathering zones(incipient soils) in the Peoria loess. Re-gional landscape stability prevailed during the environmental shift at the Pleistocene/Holocene transition resulting in forma-tion of the well expressed Brady soil. One or more weak soils developed in the Bignell loess as it ac-cumulated. A notable feature of the Bignell loess is the appear-ance of the Altithermal dry period: the loess experienced little weathering and was dominated by warm season grasses until the latter of the Holocene.

• 한국약용작물학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.24-30
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• 2003

11종의 약리식물의 수용성 추출물에서 세포독성능과 TGEV와 PEDV에 대한 항바이러스 효능을 분석하였다. 이들 추출물은 바이러스의 숙주세포로 사용되는 ST세포와 Vero세포에 대해 다른 세포독성능을 나타내었는데, 오가피 추출물은 TGEV에 대한 숙주세포주인 ST 세포에 대해 75.81 %의 세포독성을 나타내었으며, 화살나무, 무화과나무, 까마종이, 마황, 창이자 추출물은 20-50% 사이의 세포독성을 나타내었다. 그러나 마황 추출물(35.66%) 이외의 10종의 추출물은 PEDV에 대한 숙주세포주인 Vero 세포에 대해 세포독성능을 나타내지 않았다. 세포독성이 낮은 식물추출물에서 초피나무, 구지뽕나무, 누리장나무, 고삼 추출물이 TGEV에 대하여 효과적인 항바이러스능을 나타내었으며, PEDV에 대하여는 초피나무, 조각자나무, 고삼, 까마종이, 마황 추출물에서 효과적인 항바이러스능을 나타내었다. 이중에서 고삼과 초피나무 추출물은 TGEV와 PEDV에 대해서 효과적인 항바이러스능을 나타내었다.

• 한국임상약학회지
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2009

Adverse drug reactions (ADR) caused by inappropriate prescription are responsible for major socioeconomic loss. Drug-drug interactions (DDI) has been recognized as a major part of ADRs and, therefore, healthcare professionals should prevent possible DDIs to minimize preventable ADRs. This study aimed to examine DDI information in drug information references and Korea Food & Drug Administration (KFDA) drug labeling information. Drug ingredients from the formulary of Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in Korea (HIRA) were included for the study. DDI information source used for the study were Micromedex Drugdex and Drug Information Facts (DIF) with the DDI severity level of "moderate" or more. The DDI information in KFDA drug labeling were collected and compared. Drug ingredients were classified with KFDA Drug Classification and ATC Classification of WHO for the analysis. Among the total 1,355 drug ingredients satisfying inclusion criteria, 738 ingredients involved at least one DDI, which was described in Micromedex and/or DIF. Drug Ingredients of 176 involved DDI only described in KFDA drug labeling, but not Micromedex nor DIF. Drug ingredients of 35 which DDIs were described in Micromedex or DIF did not have DDI based on KFDA drug labeling. Micromedex and DIF retrieved 7,582 and 3,071 DDIs, respectively 57.6% and 58.5% of DDIs were also described in KFDA drug labeling. Central nervous system (CNS) drugs, cardiovascular system (CVS) drugs and the antiinfectives appeared to have higher frequency of DDIs among all drug classes. The highest number of DDIs with high severity level ("contraindicated" or "major") were the DDIs of CNS drugs. The antiinfectives are the second drug group having serious DDIs. The DDI pairs of the CNS drug and the antiinfective had the highest contraindication risk (13.6%). DDI information from Micromedex and DIF were not consistent with the result that only 465 ingredients' DDIs are common in both literature (total DDI numbers were 715 vs 488, respectively). And 1,652 DDI information are common in both references among 7,582 vs 3,071 DDIs, respectively. Only 55.2% of DDI information in the database contained in the KFDA drug labeling. Prescribers and pharmacists should pay attention to the drugs for CV system, CNS and infections because of higher risk of possible DDIs compared to other drug classes. KFDA drug labeling is not likely to be recommended as a good information source for DDI due to significant inconsistency of information. Drug information providers should be aware that DDI information from different sources are not consistent and therefore multiple references should be used.