• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.217-232
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• 2003

Purpose : This paper was attempted to identify the job stress related factors among the staff nurses and to provide the basic data concerning development of stress management program focused on hospitals. Method : The subjects were 309 staff nurses at two general hospitals in Seoul. Data were collected with self-reported questionnaires and analyzed by SPSS-PC+10.0 for descriptive analysis, ANOVA, stepwise multiple regression, factor analysis. Results : The subjects exhibit significantly highest level of 'the participation in decision making factor'. The mean score of 'control coping strategies' was higher than 'avoid coping strategies'. The mean scores of social support and stress responses were high. The main factor that affected the stress responses was 'the job characteristic factor' and it was explained 23.0% out of the total variance of the stress responses. Also, it would be explained 42.6% out of the total variance of the stress responses with 'the control coping strategies, work overload factors, social support, and participation in decision making factors'. Conclusion: For developing the hospital- focused stress management program for staff nurses, 'the participation in decision making factors' and 'the job characteristics' should be considered. Also, the organizational efforts and supports should be required to support and use of 'control coping strategies' of nurses

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.15-19
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• 2012

Male breast cancer is a very rare disease with an incidence of about 0.5-1% comparing with the one of female breast cancer but relatively little is known about its cause. Treatment strategies for breast cancer in males are derived from studies performed among females. The probable reasons behind the frequent, late diagnoses presented at stages III or IV might be the lack of awareness. The rarity of the disease precludes large prospective randomized clinical trials. This study reviews male breast cancer and its risk factors, recommendations for diagnosis and the management of patients with male breast cancer.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SC
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• v.45 no.6
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• pp.141-148
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• 2008

An utility voltage information, including the frequency, phase angle and amplitude is very important in many industrial systems. The grid-connected photovoltaic system in the limelight as alternative energy needs utility voltage information such as frequency, phase angle and magnitude to connect the grid-line. In this paper, it proposes the instantaneous phase-tracking in PLL that uses the frequency from the utility voltage as a sync signal and locks the phase with compensation for phase difference from DPT algorithm. It also proposes not only DFT algorithm execution by every sample not by one period, but also phase-tracking method in a wide range of frequency not a fixed one. This paper shows the feasibility and the usefulness of the proposed methods through the computer simulation and the experiment.

• Korean Journal of Human Ecology
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.587-599
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• 2007

There are many students who modify their uniforms and wear fashion accessories to pursue their individualities. The objectives of this research were to identify school uniform modification and fashion accessory wearing behavior of high school students. The results were as follows; 1. High school students considered that the uniform was desirable because the uniform showed identity best, but many students complained that the uniform was uncomfortable in activity. The most accessory used for the uniform was the cellular phone handle. 2. The uniform modification behavior was highly distinguishable at the coeducational school, the vocational school, and the art or physical school. They modified their uniform to pursuit slim and individuality. The uniform modification was for the beauty aspect more rather than practical aspect of uniform, and was proportional to the degree of the appearance, and in case of pants, the length and width of the pants showed increasing trend compared to the past. They considered accessory wearing as a compensational expression of the most of students who were not actively behaving on the uniform modification.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.7-14
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• 2018

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the effect of bag type on gait kinematic factors. The purpose of this study was to compare the Cobb's angle, leg angle and foot pressure difference according to bag type among 20 university students. Methods: The bag type was applied with two kinds of bags: not wearing a bag, backpack, and an eco bag. The bag weight was 10% of subjects weight in during experiment and only bag weight was 0.5kg. Results: Knee joint angle is increased when wearing backpack or an eco bag than not wearing bag. Cobb's angle increased when wearing backpack and wearing eco back. The difference in right and left foot pressure increased when wearing eco bag than not wearing bag and wearing backpack. Conclusion: Therefore, wearing a heavy backpack or an eco bag when walking for a long time may cause scoliosis and change the walking form.

• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.157-161
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• 2011

This paper explains an error process for multimedia collaboration works with session management running on vehicle network environment. This system consists of an FDA and FRA. FDA is an agent that detects an error by hooking techniques for multimedia system based on vehicle network environment with session management. FRA is a system that is suitable for recovering software error for multimedia system with session management based on vehicle network environment. This paper describes only FRA. When multiple local sessions is opened, each local session manager sends information of participant to global session manager and take current information about session of processing in network.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.133-151
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• 2014

Objectives : In this study, the changes of concept of Bianzheng(辨證)[syndrome differentiation] in the traditional medical history are investigated for the purpose of understanding conditions of Korean Medicine in modern times. Methods : The concepts of Zheng(證)[syndrome] and Bianzheng[syndrome differentiation] in Sanghanron(傷寒論) and many important medical literatures were selected and analyzed to overview the historical changes of those. Results : To the modern ages, the concept of Zheng had included the two kinds of concepts, that is, symptom/sing and syndrome with slight changes of meaning. As a abstract meaning of syndrome, Zheng(證) has been systematized and complicated with the times, that means changes of syndrome differentiation. The concept of Zheng has been recognized as the symbol that expresses the characteristics of Traditional Medicine since the modern age that concepts of sign and symptom have flowed from Western Medicine into Traditional Medicine. Conclusions : One of the main key of studies about Bianzheng(辨證) in future would have been harmonizing the balance between the two trends of modern Traditional Medicine, ideation and objectification.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.07b
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• pp.735-738
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• 2002

Single crystal 3C-SiC(cubic silicon carbide) thin-films were deposited on Si(100) substrate up to a thickness of $4.3{\mu}m$ by APCVD method using HMDS(hexamethyildisilane) at $1350^{\circ}C$. The HMDS flow rate was 0.5 sccm and the carrier gas flow rate was 2.5 slm. The HMDS flow rate was important to get a mirror-like crystal surface. The growth rate of the 3C-SiC films was $4.3{\mu}m/hr$. The 3C-SiC epitaxical films grown on Si(100) were characterized by XRD, AFM, RHEED, XPS and raman scattering, respectively. The 3C-SiC distinct phonons of TO(transverse optical) near $796cm^{-1}$ and LO(longitudinal optical) near $974{\pm}1cm^{-1}$ were recorded by raman scattering measurement. The heteroepitaxially grown films were identified as the single crystal 3C-SiC phase by XRD spectra$(2{\theta}=41.5^{\circ})$.

• Journal of the Korean Ceramic Society
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• v.31 no.10
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• pp.1240-1246
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• 1994

While sintering the Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3-BaTiO3 system through solid-reaction route, pyrochlore(Pb3Nb4O13) phase while reduces the dielectric constant is inevitably formed. Substitution of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 with PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 can retard the occurrence of pyrochlore phase. The perovskite solid-solution without containing pyrochlore phase can be obtained when we consolidated the materials consisting of PbTiO3 and BaTiO3 at 1200℃ for 2 hours. The sintered body composed of 0.8Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-0.1PbTiO3-0.1BaTiO3 composition showed the diffused phase transition(DPT) phenomena and the maximum value of dielectric constant at 0℃ (Tc') with the value of 1.3×104.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.15 no.11
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• pp.953-957
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• 2002

Single crystal 3C-SiC (cubic silicon carbide) thin-films were deposited on Si(100) wafer up to the thickness of 4.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ by APCVD (atmospheric pressure chemical vapor deposition) method using HMDS (hexamethyildisilane; ｛CH$_{3}$｝$_{6}$ Si$_{2}$) at 135$0^{\circ}C$. The HMDS flow rate was 0.5 sccm and the carrier gas flow rate was 2.5 slm. The HMDS flow rate was important to get a mirror-like crystal surface. The growth rate of the 3C-SiC film was 4.3 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$/hr. The 3C-SiC epitaxial film grown on Si(100) wafer was characterized by XRD (X-ray diffraction), AFM (atomic force microscopy), RHEED (reflection high energy electron diffraction), XPS (X-ray photoelecron spectroscopy), and Raman scattering, respectively. Two distinct phonon modes of TO (transverse optical) near 796 $cm^{-1}$ / and LO (longitudinal optical) near 974$\pm$1 $cm^{-1}$ / of 3C-SiC were observed by Raman scattering measurement. The heteroepitaxially grown film was identified as the single crystal 3C-SiC phase by XRD spectra (2$\theta$=41.5。).).