• Animal Bioscience
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.724-733
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• 2021

Objective: The objectives of this study were to investigate the direct antioxidative effect of 90 Kda heat shock protein (Hsp90) obtained from duck muscle. Methods: The interaction of Hsp90 with phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids was studied with surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and their further oxidation in the presence of Hsp90 was evaluated with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) assay. The scavenging effect on the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-azinobis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid (ABTS) was measured, and the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in combination with 5-tert-Butoxycarbonyl-5-methyl-1-pyrroline-N-oxide and 2-phenyl-4,4,5,5,-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide (PTIO) was utilized to determine the abilities of Hsp90 in scavenging hydroxyl and PTIO radicals. Results: SPR showed Hsp90 could bind with both phospholipids and oxidized phospholipids, and prevent their further oxidation by the TBARS assay. The DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity increased with Hsp90 concentration, and could reach 27% and 20% respectively at the protein concentration of 50 μM. The EPR spectra demonstrated Hsp90 could directly scavenge ·OH and PTIO· radicals. Conclusion: This suggests that Hsp90, a natural antioxidant in meat, may play an important role in cellular defense against oxidative stress, and may have potential use in meat products.

• Biomedical Science Letters
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.296-301
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• 2020

The purpose of this study was performed to evaluate antioxidant activity of the Artemisia asiatica Nakai and Moringa oleifera Lam mixture extract. Mixture extracts were manufactured by concentration and compared with a single extract (only the Artemisia asiatica Nakai mixture and only the Moringa oleifera Lam mixture). The experiments conducted Total polyphenol measurements, Total flavonoid measurements, DPPH radical scavenging activty, ABTS radical scavenging activty and LDH assay. The LDH assay assessment shows that all extracts are cells compared to controls. The toxicity was weak. Finally, The antioxidant capacity was rated higher than mixture extract of a single extract. Also, the optimized mixture was determined AM5 (Artemisia asiatica Nakai mixture: Moringa oleifera Lam mixture = 3:1). For extracts of AM5, Total phenol and flavonoid contents were 271.769±18.087 mg/g and 45.384±5.026 mg/g. and DPPH and ABTS scavenging activity were 70.8±6.496% and 77.1±9.634%. Therefore, it is expected that the value of the extract will increase as it increases its antioxidant activity if it is manufactured according to the appropriate ratio.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.388-394
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• 2017

Although several analytical methods for measuring total antioxidant capacity (TAC) have been applied to biological samples, there were often dissimilar results due to the different principles of methods applied. Thus, this study aimed to validate four conventional analytical methods for measuring plasma TAC, including the ABTS assay, DPPH assay, FRAP assay, and ORAC assay, by comparing with urinary 8-isoprostane concentration. In addition, TAC results were compared with antioxidant enzyme activities including superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase in erythrocyte, and catalase in plasma. Plasma TAC measure by ABTS assay was strongly correlated with the result by FRAP assay. Plasma TAC by FRAP and ORAC assays were negatively correlated with erythrocyte SOD activity. The agreement among the four TAC assay methods and 8-isoprostane was determined using 95% prediction limits of linear regression, expressed as the mean of 8-isoprostane ${\pm}95%$ prediction limits. The ABTS method better agreed with 8-isoprostane than the other methods, demonstrating narrow prediction of limits. Furthermore, only plasma TAC determined by the ABTS assay was inversely correlated with urinary 8-isoprostane (r = -0.35, p < 0.05). In summary, the ABTS assay would be an appropriate method to measure overall plasma antioxidant capacity and predict the body's antioxidant status.

• The Journal of the Society of Korean Medicine Diagnostics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.275-286
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• 2013

In the present study, antioxidant activity and protective effect of extracts from Sambucus williamsii var. coreana stems (SWC) were evaluated on tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BHP) induced oxidative stress in human liver (Chang) cells. Antioxidant activities of the SWC extracts were determined by various radical scavenging activities, such as DPPH, ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), 2,2'-azinobis-(3-ethybenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging activity and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) assay. SWC extracts showed strong antioxidant effect on various assay. To determine the hepatoprotective effects of SWC on t-BHP induced oxidative damage, cell viability was measured using MTT assay. Pretreatment of SWC extracts showed increasing cell viability, decreasing ROS and restoring mitochondria membrane potential on t-BHP induced oxidative stress in Chang cells. Our findings suggest that SWC extracts may be considered a potential agent for therapeutic protective effect from oxidative stress through its antioxidant activity.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.793-799
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• 2012

This study was conducted to examine the antioxidative effect and nitrite scavenging ability of extract from Acanthopanax cortex shoot. The total phenolic compound and flavonoids contents of extract from Acanthopanax corex shoot were $116.33{\pm}6.09mg\;GAE/g$ and $65.07{\pm}4.10mg\;RE/g$, respectively. Antioxidative activities were measured by various in vitro models such as DPPH radical scavenging activity, FRAP, reducing power, ABTS radical scavenging activity, ORAC assay. This results showed that the extract of Acanthopanax cortex shoot was effective in scavenging radicals and protecting oxidation when assessed various in vitro systems. Similarly, the nitrite scavenging ability of extract was increased in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, ORAC value at a concentration of $0.1mg/m{\ell}$ was $103.4{\pm}5.6{\mu}M\;TE/g$. Considering high consumer demand beneficial health effects, Acanthopanax cortex shoot can be utilized to develop functional food health-promoting and natural antioxidant agents.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.38 no.2
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• pp.131-135
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• 2009

This study was designed to investigate the antioxidant effect of Suaeda japonica grown in Suncheon Bay. S. japonica was extracted using different solvents and the extracts were examined for their antioxidative activities with various methods. When the total phenolic contents were determined, the contents in the ethyl acetate, butanol and methanol extracts were 21.33, 17.31, and 2.33 mg/g, respectively. Fractions of butanol extract recorded the highest values of DPPH radical scavenging activity, $\beta$-carotene bleaching assay, and FRAP assay. The DPPH radical scavenging activities of butanol, ethyl acetate, methanol and water fractions were 77.46, 74.43, 47.99, and 27.70%, respectively. The FRAP value of butanol extract was 2.42 mM. But, the fraction of ethyl acetate extract was recorded the highest TBARS value. These results suggest that S. japonica, the specialty of Suncheon, could be a potential source of natural antioxidants.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.796-802
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• 2006

In order to investigate the anti-inflammatory and cellular protective effects of Atractomorpha lata Motschulsky, Oxya japonica japonica Thunberg and Stethophyma magister Rehn, we first examined hydrogen peroxide-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells as well as antioxidant assays including DPPH and FRAP assays. We found that water, ethanol and methanol extracts of Oxya japonica japonica Thunberg and Stethophyma magister Rehn had potentials to anti-oxidant activity and especially water extract of Oxya japonica japonica Thunberg exhibited the most potent protective effects against $H-2O_2$-induced cytotoxicity in SH-SY5Y cells by MTT assay. Taken Together, these findings indicate that water extract of Oxya japonica japonica Thunberg could be useful insect resources for agrobiotechnological or oriental medicinal purposes.

• Food Science of Animal Resources
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.493-500
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• 2013

Gelatin is a collagen-containing thermohydrolytic substance commonly incorporated in cosmetic and pharmaceutical products. This study investigated the antioxidant activity of gelatin by using different reagents, such as 2,2-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline- 6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), 2,2-di (4-tert-octylphenyl)-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and oxygen radical absorbance capacity-fluorescein (ORAC-FL) in a porcine gelatin hydrolysate obtained using gastrointestinal enzymes. Electrophoretic analysis of the gelatin hydrolysis products showed extensive degradation by pepsin and pancreatin, resulting in an increase in the peptide concentration (12.1 mg/mL). Antioxidant activity, as measured by ABTS, exhibited the highest values after 48-h incubation with pancreatin treatment after pepsin digestion. Similar effects were observed at 48 h incubation, that is, 61.5% for the DPPH assay and 69.3% for the ABTS assay. However, the gallic acid equivalent (GE) at 48 h was $87.8{\mu}M$, whereas $14.5{\mu}M$ GE was obtained using the ABTS and DPPH assays, indicating about sixfold increase. In the ORACFL assay, antioxidant activity corresponding to $45.7{\mu}M$ of trolox equivalent was found in the gelatin hydrolysate after 24 h hydrolysis with pancreatin treatment after pepsin digestion, whereas this activity decreased at 48 h. These antioxidant assay results showed that digestion of gelatin by gastrointestinal enzymes prevents oxidative damage.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.31 no.2 s.51
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• pp.207-212
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• 2005

Pomegranate (Punica granatum L.) which is very rich in Polyphenols and tannins was recently reported its anti-oxidant activities and phytoestrogenic activities in vivo test and many clinical studies, but the effects of them on the skin have not been reported. The experiments were tarried out in vitro to determine anti-oxidant activities of pomegranate extracts on DPPH radical scavenging assay, NBT/Xanthine Oxidase-superoxide scavenging assay, silica-induced intracellular $H_2O_2$, hydroperoxide and superoxide generation assay in RAW 264.7 cells. It showed that the methanolic extract of dried pomegranate peels have the most significant anti-oxidant activities on free radical scavenging assay and inhibitory activities on silica-induced intracellular free radical generation in RAW 264.7 cells. The concentrated juice of pomegranate showed only DPPH radical scavenging activities and inhibited hyaluronidase activity. Moreover, pomegranate seed oil inhibited specially silica-induced intracellular hydroperoxide generation in RAW 264.7 cells. These results suggest that the methanolic extract of dried pomegranate peels and pomegranate seed oil have more anti-oxidant activity than concentrated juice of pomegranate. Thus the extracts of pomegranate peels and seed oil could be developed cosmetic ingredients for anti-aging.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.174-183
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• 2023

Antioxidant, cytotoxic, and anti-inflammatory assays were conducted to determine the commercial viability of Brachythecium populeum. The antioxidant activity was assessed by performing the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2'-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) assays. This was followed by the quantification of polyphenols and flavonoids. Results of the DPPH and ABTS assay showed that antioxidant activities of the ethanol extract of B. populeum were 3.7 and 3.6 times higher than water extract, respectively. The polyphenol concentration was also determined to be 4.1 times higher and the flavonoid concentration was 5.3 times higher than the water extract. The cell-based experiments, 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-Diphenyltetrazolium Bromide (MTT) assay and nitric oxide assay, were performed using RAW 264.7. Results of the MTT assay revealed that both extracts exerted no cytotoxicity on the cells (based on 80% viability). In the nitric oxide (NO) production inhibition experiment, inhibition of NO production was determined to be 15.42% more when exposed to ethanol extract as compared to water extract. Furthermore, the ethanol extract exerted greater inhibition of inflammatory cytokines interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α production (9.39%, 11.87%, and 14.49% more, respectively) when compared to the water extract. Due to the good antioxidant activity and potential for inhibiting NO and inflammatory cytokine production, B. populeum ethanol extracts are prospective sources of anti-inflammatory compounds.