• 생명과학회지
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• 제22권11호
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• pp.1552-1557
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• 2012

Pipernonaline은 후추나무과에 속하는 필발(Piper longum Linn.)의 유도체로서 전립선 암세포에 대한 항암활성이 보고되고 있다. 하지만 실제 암세포 내에서 생물학적 정보를 가진 수 많은 유전자들에 대한 발현이 어떻게 이루어지고 있는지 알려진 바가 없다. 본 연구에 사용된 microarray 분석은 동시에 수 만개 이상의 유전자 발현양상을 한번에 관찰할 수 있는 기술로서 특정 질병의 유전학적 특성과 기전 연구를 더 광범위하게 연구 할 수 있는 기술이다. 본 연구에서는 전립선 암세포인 PC-3 세포에 pipernonaline을 처리하여 cDNA microarray를 실시하였다. 이후, DAVID database를 이용하여 gene ontology의 Biological Process를 분석하여 세포사멸과 세포주기, 세포성장 및 증식에 관련된 유전자들을 우선적으로 분석하였다. 그 결과, 세포주기관련 256개, 세포사멸관련 197개, 세포성장 및 증식관련에 154개의 유전자가 확인 되었다. 이러한 결과는 pipernonaline은 전립선 암세포 내에 존재하는 생물학적 신호전달체계에 관련된 유전자 발현을 조절함으로써 항암활성을 나타내 것을 알 수 있었고, 이후 이러한 microarray의 추가적인 분석은 암세포 내 새로운 유전자의 탐색 및 메커니즘을 규명하는데 유용하게 사용할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제19권7호
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• pp.635-646
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• 2009

Rapid and accurate diagnosis of diseases is very important for appropriate treatment of patients. Recent advances in molecular-level interaction and detection technologies are upgrading the clinical diagnostics by providing new ways of diagnosis, with higher speed and accuracy. In particular, DNA microarrays can be efficiently used in clinical diagnostics which span from discovery of diseaserelevant genes to diagnosis using its biomarkers. Diagnostic DNA microarrays have been used for genotyping and determination of disease-relevant genes or agents causing diseases, mutation analysis, screening of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), detection of chromosome abnormalities, and global determination of posttranslational modification. The performance of DNA-microarray-based diagnosis is continuously improving by the integration of other tools. Thus, DNA microarrays will play a central role in clinical diagnostics and will become a gold standard method for disease diagnosis. In this paper, various applications of DNA microarrays in disease diagnosis are reviewed. Special effort was made to cover the information disclosed in the patents so that recent trends and missing applications can be revealed.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.151-163
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• 2003

연구목적: Estrogen은 포유류의 생리주기와 착상과정에서 중요한 조절인자로 작용한다. 본 연구에서는 난소 절제된 생쥐의 자궁에서 estrogen에 의해 직접 또는 간접적으로 조절되어 발현하는 유전자를 분석하고자 하였다. 연구재료 및 방법: 생후 8주된 생쥐의 양쪽 난소를 절제하고 14일 동안 회복기간이 지난 후, estrogen (300 ng/mouse)을 피하로 주사하였다. Estrogen 주사 후 6, 12시간째 자궁을 적출하여 cDNA microarray와 laser capture microdissection (LCM) 기술을 이용하여 estrogen에 의해 조절되는 유전자의 시공간적인 발현 양상을 조사하였다. 결 과: Estrogen 주사 후 6시간째에는 조사된 전체 유전자 가운데 0.9% (증가 22, 감소 49), 12시간째에는 8.4% (증가 351, 감소 287)에 해당되는 유전자가 두 배 이상 증가 혹은 감소하는 결과를 보였다. 또한 일부 증감된 유전자를 선택한 후 LCM 기술을 이용하여 시공간적인 발현양상을 확인한 결과 자궁내막상피세포에서만 estrogen에 의해 유전자의 발현이 증가되는 일부 유전자를 선별하였다. 결 론: 이상의 결과들을 종합해보면 1) estrogen에 의해 조절되는 유전자의 수나 증감의 정도는 12시간 이후에 더 많고, 크게 조절되며, 2) 유전자의 조절부위가 자궁의 특이적인 세포층에서 시공간적으로 조절됨을 의미한다. 이러한 유전자의 정보는 생리주기 또는 착상과정의 분자생물학적 기작을 이해하는 데 도움이 될 것이다.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.257-261
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• 2006

Signal transducer and activator of transcription 4 (STAT4) is one of the important mediators in generating inflammation and immune responses. To address the role of Stat4 in carrageenan induced acute inflammation, we performed paw edema measurement and 7.4 k mouse cDNA microarray analysis in carrageenan induced acute inflammation in Stat4 knockout (-/-) mice. Male BALB/c (n=8) and Stat4 -/- (n=5) were used and paw edema was induced with injection of $30\;{\mu}L$ of 1% carrageenan into plantar surface of right hind paw. Next, we isolated the mRNA in mouse whole brain and analyzed cDNA microarray profiles for the changes of the brain expression in Stat4 -/- mice. Interestingly, the increase in paw volume of Stat4 -/- mice was reduced by about 30% as compared to that of wild type. The cDNA microarray analysis revealed the altered expressions of several cytokines (Tnf, Il6, and Il4) and pain-associated proteins (Ptgs2, Gabra6, and Gabbr1) in Stat4 -/- mice. Our results suggest that Stat4 may be related to the inhibitory responses on carrageenan induced acute inflammation.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제16권8호
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• pp.3543-3549
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• 2015

Background: Bladder cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide. Gene expression profiling using microarray technologies improves the understanding of cancer biology. The aim of this study was to determine the gene expression profile in Egyptian bladder cancer patients. Materials and Methods: Samples from 29 human bladder cancers and adjacent non-neoplastic tissues were analyzed by cDNA microarray, with hierarchical clustering and multidimensional analysis. Results: Five hundred and sixteen genes were differentially expressed of which SOS1, HDAC2, PLXNC1, GTSE1, ULK2, IRS2, ABCA12, TOP3A, HES1, and SRP68 genes were involved in 33 different pathways. The most frequently detected genes were: SOS1 in 20 different pathways; HDAC2 in 5 different pathways; IRS2 in 3 different pathways. There were 388 down-regulated genes. PLCB2 was involved in 11 different pathways, MDM2 in 9 pathways, FZD4 in 5 pathways, p15 and FGF12 in 4 pathways, POLE2 in 3 pathways, and MCM4 and POLR2E in 2 pathways. Thirty genes showed significant differences between transitional cell cancer (TCC) and squamous cell cancer (SCC) samples. Unsupervised cluster analysis of DNA microarray data revealed a clear distinction between low and high grade tumors. In addition 26 genes showed significant differences between low and high tumor stages, including fragile histidine triad, Ras and sialyltransferase 8 (alpha) and 16 showed significant differences between low and high tumor grades, like methionine adenosyl transferase II, beta. Conclusions: The present study identified some genes, that can be used as molecular biomarkers or target genes in Egyptian bladder cancer patients.

• 대한원격탐사학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한원격탐사학회 2007년도 Proceedings of ISRS 2007
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• pp.438-441
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• 2007

Recently, due to molecular biology and engineering technology, DNA microarray makes people watch thousands of genes and the state of variation from the tissue samples of living body. With DNA Microarray, it is possible to construct a genetic group that has similar expression patterns and grasp the progress and variation of gene. This paper practices Cluster Analysis which purposes the discovery of biological subgroup or class by using gene expression information. Hence, the purpose of this paper is to predict a new class which is unknown, open leukaemia data are used for the experiment, and MCL (Markov CLustering) algorithm is applied as an analysis method. The MCL algorithm is based on probability and graph flow theory. MCL simulates random walks on a graph using Markov matrices to determine the transition probabilities among nodes of the graph. If you look at closely to the method, first, MCL algorithm should be applied after getting the distance by using Euclidean distance, then inflation and diagonal factors which are tuning modulus should be tuned, and finally the threshold using the average of each column should be gotten to distinguish one class from another class. Our method has improved the accuracy through using the threshold, namely the average of each column. Our experimental result shows about 70% of accuracy in average compared to the class that is known before. Also, for the comparison evaluation to other algorithm, the proposed method compared to and analyzed SOM (Self-Organizing Map) clustering algorithm which is divided into neural network and hierarchical clustering. The method shows the better result when compared to hierarchical clustering. In further study, it should be studied whether there will be a similar result when the parameter of inflation gotten from our experiment is applied to other gene expression data. We are also trying to make a systematic method to improve the accuracy by regulating the factors mentioned above.

• 한국생물공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국생물공학회 2001년도 추계학술발표대회
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• pp.845-848
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• 2001

For understanding physiology and metabolism under various culture conditions, combined analysis of transcriptome and proteome is attractable way. We have manufactured DNA microarray containing 2,850 genes including all functionally known and putative ones. In this study, we report analysis of transcriptome and proteome during the high cell density culture of E. coli by using DNA microarray and 2-DE. Fed-batch fermentation of E. coli was carried out by exponential feeding of nutrients until the maximum cell density reached 74 g dry cell weight/L (g DCW/L). Changes in transcriptome and proteome during the HCDC are analyzed qualitatively and quantitatively to provide their physiological and metabolic meanings.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• 제10권5호
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• pp.444-450
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• 2005

Epidermal growth factor (EGF) activates many intracellular effector molecules, which subsequently influence the expression levels of many genes involved in cell growth, apoptosis and signal transduction, etc. In this study, the early response of gene expressions due to EGF treatment was monitored using oligonucleotide DNA microarrays in rat schwannoma cell lines. An immunoblotting experiment showed the successful activation of EGF receptors and an effector protein, STAT5, due to EGF treatment. The microarray study showed that 35 genes were significantly induced and 2 were repressed within 60 min after the treatment. The list of induced genes included early growth response 1, suppressor of cytokine signaling 3, c-fos, interferon regulatory factor 1 and early growth response 2, etc. According to the microarray data, six of these were induced by more than 10-fold, and showed at least two different induction patterns, indicating complicated regulatory mechanisms in the EGF signal transduction.

• Molecular & Cellular Toxicology
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.78-86
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• 2005

Dioxins, especially 2, 3, 7, 8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD or dioxin), are ubiquitous environmental contaminants. TCDD is known that it has toxic effects in animals and humans, including chloracne, immune, reproductive and developmental toxicities, carcinogenicity, wasting syndrome and death. TCDD induces a broad spectrum of biological responses, including disruption of normal hormone signaling pathways, reproductive and developmental defects, immunotoxicity, liver damage, wasting syndrome and cancer. Many researches showed that TCDD induces gene expression of transcriptional factors related cell proliferation, signal transduction, immune system and cell cycle arrest at molecular and cellular levels. These toxic actions of TCDD are usually mediated with AhR (receptor, resulted from cell culture, animal and clinical studies). cDNA microarray can be used as a highly sensitive and informative marker for toxicity. Additionally, microarray analysis of dioxin-toxicity is able to provide an opportunity for the development of candidate bridging biomarkers of dioxin-toxicity. Through microarray technology, it is possible to understand the therapeutic effects of agonists within the context of toxic effects, classify new chemicals as to their complete effects on biological systems, and identify environmental factors that may influence safety.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제52권4호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2010

본 연구는 소의 부위별 근육에 특이하게 발현하는 유전자 마커를 발굴하여 소고기의 부위를 과학적으로 판명할 수 있는 기술을 개발하고자 실시하였다. 이러한 연구 목표 아래 먼저 사태(Beef shank), 등심(Longissimus dorsi), 양지(Deep pectoral), 홍두깨(Semitendinosus) 부위의 근육조직에서 MSC (myogenic satellite cell, 근육줄기세포)를 순수 분리하고 이를 MFC (myotube-formed cell; 근관이 형성된 세포)로 분화시키거나 ALC (adipocyte-like cell; 지방세포와 유사한 세포)로 이형분화 시킨 후 3가지의 세포로 부터 각각의 RNA를 추출하였다. 이렇게 추출한 RNA는 24,000개의 bovine oligo-nucelotide (70 mer)가 집적된 microarray를 이용해 4개의 조직 중 1개의 조직에서만 MSC의 분화(MFC) 또는 이형분화 과정에서 mRNA의 발현이 증감을 보이는 유전자 135개를 먼저 발굴하였다. 135개의 유전자에 대해 microarray 분석에 사용한 동일한 RNA를 이용하여 real-time PCR 기술로 검증한 결과 총 29개의 유전자가 microarray 분석 결과와 유사함을 보였다. 29개의 유전자를 다시 4개 부위의 생체 조직에서 추출한 RNA를 이용해 real-time PCR 방법으로 분석한 결과 TS (thymi- dlyate synthase), TE (tropoelastin), RAD52(similar RAD52 motifcontaining protein 1), unknown gene), MLC2 (myosin light 2, regulatory cardiac, slow), TXNIP (thioredoxin-interating protein) 6개의 유전자만이 다른 부위에 비해 사태 부위에서 현저한 발현의 차이를 나타냈다. 결론적으로 본 연구를 통해 소 부위별 근육을 구분할 수 있는 과학적 기술의 토대를 확립하였다.