• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.216-218
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• 2017

We here provide the complete genome sequence of Bacillus thuringiensis C25, the strain showing antagonistic effects on fungal phytopathogens. The genome comprised of 5,308,062 bp with 35.32% G+C content of a circular chromosome and a plasmid containing 308,946 bp with 32.23% G+C content. The chromosome and plasmid genome included 5,683 protein coding DNA sequences, 107 tRNA and 42 rRNA genes.

• Korean Journal of Microbiology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.52-62
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• 1981

In order to interpret the effect of IAA on the phosphate metabolism and biosynthesis of organic compounds, Saccharomyces uvarum were cultured in the media treated with various concnetration of IAA $(10^{-3}M,\;10^{-5}M,\;10^{-7}M)$. Sampling at the beginning and intervals of culture, yeast cells fractionated were traced the contents of inorganic phosphate and organic compounds of various fractions. 1. Growth of Saccharomyces uvarum were enhanced by IAA $(10^{-3}M,\;10^{-5}M)$ and phosphate contents in DNA and RNA fractions treated with IAA were accelerated 2.3 times and 2 times in comparison with those of control. 2. Amounts of poly-P"A" and poly-p"B" were increased but poly-P"C" decreased during the culture. Therefore, it is considered that poly-P"C" play on most important role as a phosphate pool. 3. It is suggested that because phosphate contents in DNA, protein and lipid fractions increased, inorganic phosphates required phosphates required RNA were transferred from phosphates in cytoplasm, because these increased slowly during the culture. 4. Alkali-labile protein were accelerated by IAA and alkali stable protein only were inhibiction were enhanced by IAA while, ethanol : ether soluble fraction was induced by $10^{-7}M$ IAA in comparison with those control.X> IAA in comparison with those control.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.227-232
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• 2006

Styela clava (also called as rough sea squirt or leathery tunicate) is regarded as native to the northwest Pacific region including Korea and widely distributed in parts of northwestern Europe, North America and Australia. To evaluate Styela clava as a potential bioactive agent, the antioxidant activity of aceton extracts from Styela clava (whole, substance and tunic) was tested by measuring inhibitory effect of $H_2O_2$ induced DNA damage using comet assay. Also, anticancer activity on human colon cancer cell (HT-29) was investigated by MTT reduction assay. The $200\;{\mu}M$ $H_2O_2$ induced DNA damage was inhibited with Styela clava aceton extract in dose dependent manner in human leukocytes. The maximum inhibition was by 62.8, 62.1 and 78.3% at the concentration of $50\;{\mu}g/ml$ of whole, substance and tunic extracts, respectively. The aceton extracts from S. clava were also found to inhibit the growth of human colon cancer cell. The cell proliferation rates decreased to 26.9, 30.6 and 12.0% at the concentration of $500\;{\mu}g/ml$ of whole, substance and tunic extracts, respectively. These results support that aceton extracts from S. clava may be a potential candidate as a possible antimutagenic and chemotherapeutic agent.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.151-159
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• 2012

Cross and reciprocal hybrids from intrageneric crosses between Rhodeus uyekii and R. notatus were analyzed morphometrically using truss and classical dimensions, erythrocyte size using blood smears, and cytogenetically using flowcytometry, then compared with the parental species. Although the morphometric assessment based on body proportions indicated that the hybrids were generally intermediate between the maternal and paternal species, the morphometric characters of cross and reciprocal hybrids included at least 14 paternal-like and 7 maternal-like, and 13 paternal-like and 5 maternal-like characters, respectively (P<0.05). The pigmentation of the hybrids was intermediate in some respects, and resembled that of the parental species. The DNA content of the cross and reciprocal hybrids, based on flow cytometry analysis, was significantly different from the parental species. The characterization of morphometric traits and the cytogenetic analysis of hybrids of R. uyekii and R. notatus used in this study may be useful for distinguishing genotypes in commercial Acheilognathinae aquaculture.

• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.149-158
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• 2013

The objective of this study was to investigate the antioxidative capacity of ethanol extracts from Sanguisorbae officinalis L. root (Sanguisorbae radix) in vitro. The concentration of Sanguisorbae radix extract at which DPPH radical scavenging activity was inhibited by 50% was 0.33 mg/mL, which was similar to $IC_{50}$ of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol (0.40 mg/mL), as compared to 100% by pyrogallol as a reference. Total antioxidant status was examined by total antioxidant capacity against ABTS radical reactions. Total antioxidant capacities of Sanguisorbae radix extract were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Superoxide scavenging activities of Sanguisorbae radix extract were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of catechin. Oxygen radical absorbance capacities of Sanguisorbae radix extract were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of ascorbic acid. Cupric reducing antioxidant capacities of Sanguisorbae radix extract were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those of ${\alpha}$-tocopherol. Sanguisorbae radix extract prevented supercoiled DNA strand breakage induced by hydroxyl radical and peroxyl radical. Total phenolic contents of Sanguisorbae radix extract at concentrations of 0.5 and 5 mg/mL were 0.50 and 3.33 mM gallic acid equivalents, respectively. Sanguisorbae radix extract at concentration of 0.01, 0.1 and 0.5 mg/mL inhibited 0.2 mM tert-butyl hydroperoxide-induced cytotoxicity by 33.8, 79.1 and 96.9%, respectively, in HepG2 cell culture system. Thus, strong antioxidant and cytotoxicity-ihnibiting effects of Sanguisorbae radix extract seem to be due to, at least in part, the prevention from free radicals-induced oxidation as well as high levels in total phenolic contents.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.38 no.6
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• pp.810-815
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• 2006

The biological activities of Oenothera laciniata extracts were measured, including antioxidant activity and cytotoxic effects. O. laciniata is an endemic species of Jeju Island, Korea with a seaside habitat. The concentration of total polyphenolic compounds from ethanol (EtOH), n-hexane, dichloromethane ($CH_2Cl_2$), ethylacetate (EtOAc), butanol (BuOH), and water fractions of O. laciniata was 63.96, 8.49, 28.11, 172.64, 114.56, and 34.91 mg/g, respectively. The EtOAc fraction contained the highest antioxidative activities ($IC_{50}$), measured as follows: 16.19 ${\mu}g/mL$ in DPPH radical scavenging capacity, 220.37 ${\mu}g/mL$ in xanthine oxidase inhibitory activity, 42.07${\mu}g/mL$ in superoxide radical scavenging capacity, and 421.33 ${\mu}g/mL$ in nitric oxide scavenging capacity. The cytotoxicity of O. laciniata extracts was examined through their effect on the growth of HL-60 cells. Incubation of HL-60 cells with the EtOAc fraction resulted in the greatest inhibition of cell growth; high DNA fragmentation and numerous sub-G1 hypodiploid cells were observed in HL-60 cell cultures treated with the EtOAc fraction. These results suggest that the EtOAc fraction of O. laciniata has potent apoptotic and antioxidative activities in vitro.

• Microbiology and Biotechnology Letters
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.158-164
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• 2008

The fusants which contain starch utilizing ability and alcohol fermenting ability were developed by protoplast fusion of Saccharomyces cerevisiae KOY-1 and Saccharomyces diastaticus KCTC 1804. Sacharomyces cerevisiae KH-12 was obtained by haploid induction from Saccharomyces cerevisiae KOY-1. The auxotropic mutants of yeast were obtained by using an ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS). The frequency of protoplast formation in Saccharomyces cerevisiae KOY-1 $(Met^-)$ and Saccharomyces diastaticus KCTC 1804 $(Trp^-)$ were 90.5% and 97.7%, respectively. The frequency of fusant formation was $1.79{\times}10^{-4 }$ for the regenerated protoplast and the 1,000 fusants were obtained. Fusant FA 776 was selected as a potential yeast which contain an alcohol fermenting ability in the starch medium. The genetic stability was 4.64% for 10 passages of generation. Fusant FA 776 produced 13mg/ml of alcohol in 24% starch medium and showed 1.86-fold higher alcohol fermenting ability than Saccharomyces diastaticus KCTC 1804.

• Journal of Aquaculture
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.140-143
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• 2007

Cytogenetic analyses of an endemic species, Coreoleuciscus splendidus (Cyprinidae) was performed including erythrocyte measurement, chromosome count and karyotyping, nucleolar organizing region (NOR) banding and flow cytometric analysis of genome size. C. splendidus had the same modal chromosome number of 2n = 48 between sexes, however, displayed a sex-related dimorphism in their chromosome karyotypes. Males represented a pair of heteromorphic chromosomes which couldn‘t be seen in any female individuals, indicating that the sex determination mechanism of this species should be a typical XX-XY based male heterogamety (female=10M+6SM+8A+XX vs male=10M+6SM+8A+XY). Other cytogenetic features such as Ag-NORs located in a pair of acrocentric chromosomes, estimated nuclear volume ($28{\mu}m^3$) and cellular DNA content (2.4 pg/cell) suggest that genetic recombination might be the main driving force responsible for the evolution of this species rather than the polyploidy-based evolutionary process as in many other Cyprinidae species.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.38 no.1
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• pp.54-61
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• 2011

Antisense construct of cDNA for senescencerelated ACC oxidase (CAO) cDNA isolated from carnation flowers were introduced into tobacco by Agrobacteriummediated transformation. The decreasing expression of NtACO and the reduction of ethylene production were observed in these transgenic lines. In contrast, the SAMDC transcripts and spermidine content were increased. The findings that higher content of spermidine in the ethylene suppressed transgenic plants compared with wild-type should be directly resulted in the enhancement of SAMDC activity followed by the increased accumulation of SAMDC transcript. To investigate the pathogenic response in these transgenic plants, wild-type and transgenic plants were inoculated with Phytophthora parasitica pv. nicotianae. Transgenic plants suppressing ethylene production showed the increased resistance against fungal pathogen, comparing with wild-type plant. PR-protein genes expression in CAO-AS-2 and CAOAS-4 were also higher at the normal growth condition and pathogenic response than in wild-type plants. The results of higher spermidine content and SAMDC activity in transgenic plants, CAO-AS-2 and CAO-AS-4, support the possibility that an increase in spermidine content might induce the higher transcripts of PR-protein genes. This results agreed with the phenomena that spermidine promoted the expression of PR1a and a SAMDC inhibitor, MGBG, decreased the expression of PR1a in leaf discs. These results suggest that the resistance against fungal pathogen in transgenic tobacco impaired in ethylene production might be caused by increasing in polyamine, especially spermidine, biosynthesis.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.62-67
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• 2011

This study was performed to investigate the physiological activities of stings of Gleditsia sinensis extracts. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by measuring total phenolic contents (TPC), comet assay, and 2.2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity (RSA). Anti-diabetic activity was measured by inhibition activities on $\alpha$-glucosidase. Stings of Gleditsia sinensis extracts were prepared by extracting them with methanol and ethanol. The methanolic extracts showed the highest phenol content (1.12 g/100 g gallic acid equivalents). The $\alpha$-glucosidase inhibitory activity of methanol extracts were 17.9% higher, and that of ethanol extracts were 10.3% higher at a concentration of 1 mg/ml. These results indicate that stings of Gleditsia sinensis might be potential candidates as antioxidant and anti-diabetic agents.