• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cycle detection

Search Result 440, Processing Time 0.033 seconds

A Study on the Development of Long-term Self Powered Underground Pipeline Remote Monitoring System (자가 발전형 장기 지하매설배관 원격감시 장치 개발에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Youngsear;Chae, Hyun-Byung;Seo, Jae-Soon;Chae, Soo-Kwon
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Environmental Technology
    • /
    • v.19 no.6
    • /
    • pp.576-585
    • /
    • 2018
  • Systematic management during the whole life cycle from construction to operation and maintenance is very important for the seven underground pipelines (waterworks, sewerage, electricity, telecommunications, gas, heating, oil including waterworks and sewerage). Especially, it is the construction process that affects the whole life cycle of underground buried pipeline. In order to construct a new city or to maintain different underground pipes, it is always necessary to dig the ground and carry out construction and related work. There is a possibility that secondary and tertiary breaks frequently occur in the pipeline construction process after the piping constructed first in this process. To solve this problem, a system is needed which can monitor damage in real time. However, the supply of electric power for continuous operation of the system is limited according to the environment of underground buried pipelines, so it is necessary to develop a stable electric power supply system using natural energy rather than existing electric power. In this study, we developed a system that can operate the pipeline monitoring system for long time (24 hours and 15 days) using natural energy using wind and solar light.

Occurrence and acoustic characteristics of finless porpoise (Neophocaena asiaeorientalis) off the south coast of Korea using hydrophone and visual surveys (패시브 음향조사와 목시조사를 통한 한국 남해안에 서식하는 상괭이 종(Neophocaena asiaeorientalis )의 출몰 및 음향 특성)

  • Hyunyoung KIM;Jihoon JUNG;Dongha KANG;Fredrich SIMANUNGKALIT;Myounghee KANG
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
    • /
    • v.60 no.3
    • /
    • pp.258-268
    • /
    • 2024
  • We presented foundational findings regarding the occurrence and acoustic characteristics of the finless porpoise through passive acoustic and visual surveys conducted on the southern coast of Korea, specifically at Hadong Jungpyeong Port. Over a survey period spanning from July 8 to August 16, 2023, totaling 40 days, we observed peaks in the number of clicks produced by this species on July 15, July 24, August 4, August 11, and August 16. The highest count, totaling 18,924 clicks, was recorded on July 15th, while the lowest count, at 3,888 clicks, occurred on August 8th. Examining the acoustic characteristics throughout the diurnal cycle, we found that the peak activity in terms of DPM (detection positive minute for one hour), DP10M (DPM for ten minutes), and overall number of click sounds was observed between 05:00 and 08:00, with a secondary peak occurring from 17:00 to 18:00. The quietest period was noted between 23:00 and 02:00. Furthermore, there was a significant increase in the number of clicks from sunrise, with the maximum count of 21,581 clicks recorded at 6 AM. This count gradually decreased until noon, experienced a slight increase thereafter, peaked again at sunset, and then declined. The dominant frequency mode of this species was 126 kHz, with a concentration ranging from 112 to 136 kHz. The average duration of a click sound was 127 ㎲, with approximately 16 sinusoids (cycles) within each click sound and an average cycle length of approximately 7.9 ㎲. These findings from our study are anticipated to serve as foundational data for the development of a Korean pinger and acoustic warning system.

Determination of plasma ketone body following oximation-trimethylsily| derivatization using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry selected ion monitoring (혈장 중 케톤체의 옥심-TMS 유도체화 후 GC-MS/SIM을 이용한 분석)

  • Yoon, Hye-Ran
    • Analytical Science and Technology
    • /
    • v.29 no.1
    • /
    • pp.49-55
    • /
    • 2016
  • A ketone body (acetoacetic acid, β-hydroxybutyric acid, and acetone) increases from blood or urine when bio-energy dependence pays more fatty acid than glucose. However, in case oxidation of fat is greater than the capacity of the citric acid cycle the fatty acid oxidation is made from acetoacetyl CoA to acetoacetate then, again form β-hydroxyburytic acid to acetone, the diffusion take place into the blood. Enzymes that oxidize ketone body in the brain and nerve tissue blood ketone dody is increased during prolonged fasting, brain used it as energy. In this study, we developed the rapid two step derivatization method for sensitive detection of the ketone body by GC-MS/SIM. The plasma was deproteinized and then the hydroxy and carboxyl groups of ketone body are subjected to extraction and drying then, keto-group were derivatized with hydoxylamine at 60℃ for 30 min for oximation. Then it was trimetyl-silylated with BSTFA at 80℃ for 30 min and analyzed using a GC-MS. The linear ranges were in between 0.001 μg/mL and 250 μg/mL for β-hydroxy butyrate, and acetoacetate. The method detection limits were below 0.1 pg over each target compound determined. The mean recoveries (%) of target compounds were ranged from 88.2 % to 92.3 % at 1 µg/mL, from 89.5 % to 94.8 % at 10 μg/mL, with RSD of 6.3-9.4 %. This method could be applied to quantification of ketone bodies which are seen in the keto-acidosis in children and adults from a variety of diseases that cause ketones in the blood and urine.

The Comparison of Motion Correction Methods in Myocardial Perfusion SPECT (심근관류 SPECT에서 움직임 보정 방법들의 비교)

  • Park, Jang-Won;Nam, Ki-Pyo;Lee, Hoon-Dong;Kim, Sung-Hwan
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
    • /
    • v.18 no.2
    • /
    • pp.28-32
    • /
    • 2014
  • Purpose Patient motion during myocardial perfusion SPECT can produce images that show visual artifacts and perfusion defects. This artifacts and defects remain a significant source of unsatisfactory myocardial perfusion SPECT. Motion correction has been developed as a way to correct and detect the patient motion for reducing artifacts and defects, and each motion correction uses different algorithm. We corrected simulated motion patterns with several motion correction methods and compared those images. Materials and Methods Phantom study was performed. The anthropomorphic torso phantom was made with equal counts from patient's body and simulated defect was added in myocardium phantom for to observe the change in defect. Vertical motion was intentionally generated by moving phantom downward in a returning pattern and in a non-returning pattern throughout the acquisition. In addition, Lateral motion was generated by moving phantom upward in a returning pattern and in a non-returning pattern. The simulated motion patterns were detected and corrected similarly to no-motion pattern image and QPS score, after Motion Detection and Correction Method (MDC), stasis, Hopkins method were applied. Results In phantom study, Changes of perfusion defect were shown in the anterior wall by the simulated phantom motions, and inferior wall's defect was found in some situations. The changes derived from motion were corrected by motion correction methods, but Hopkins and Stasis method showed visual artifact, and this visual artifact did not affect to perfusion score. Conclusion It was confirmed that motion correction method is possible to reduce the motion artifact and artifactual perfusion defect, through the apply on the phantom tests. Motion Detection and Correction Method (MDC) performed better than other method with polar map image and perfusion score result.

  • PDF

Evaluation of Carryover Contamination on Autopipetting System (자동분주기의 이월오염 평가)

  • Lee, Hyun-Ju;Min, Gyung-Sun;Shin, Sun-Young;Woo, Jae-Ryong;Lee, Ho-Young
    • The Korean Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
    • /
    • v.13 no.3
    • /
    • pp.189-192
    • /
    • 2009
  • Purpose: Autopipetting system is an efficient automated equipment pipetting patient samples and reagents for rapid and accurate test. However, it can cause carryover between high concentration sample and low concentration sample. We evaluated carryover contamination of TECAN freedom Evo 100 autopipetting system. Materials and Method: We studied carryover contamination of $\alpha$-fetoprotein (AFP) and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) test on TECAN freedom Evo 100 autopipetting system. Very low concentration control samples were pipetted for comparison to the contaminated very low concentration samples. Then, The contaminated very low concentration samples were pipetted following the high concentration samples were pipetted alternately. The difference of low concentration samples represents carryover. The target value to decide carryover was 1ppm (parts per million). Results: For AFP, the mean values of the uncontaminated control samples and the contaminated samples were less than 0.6 IU/mL (the l imit of detection (LoD)). Carryover did not occur even though the high concentration sample which value was 650000 IU/mL. For CEA, the values of the low concentration control samples and the contaminated samples were less than 0.2 ng/mL (LoD). Carryover did not occur even though the high concentration sample which value was 65,000 ng/mL. Conclusions: Sample carryover was not found on TECAN freedom Evo 100 autopipetting system for AFP, CEA. However, carryover is a potential problem with automated instruments and robotic pipetting systems. Therefore, Clinical laboratories must periodically verify carryover contamination for the accurate and confidential test results.

  • PDF

Study on the Solubility of U(VI) Hydrolysis Products by Using a Laser-Induced Breakdown Detection Technique (레이저유도파열검출 기술을 이용한 우라늄(VI) 가수분해물의 용해도 측정)

  • Cho, Hye-Ryun;Park, Kyoung-Kyun;Jung, Euo-Chang;Jee, Kwang-Yong
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
    • /
    • v.5 no.3
    • /
    • pp.189-197
    • /
    • 2007
  • The solubility of U(VI) hydrolysis products was determined by using a laser-induced breakdown detection (LIBD) technique. The experiments were carried out at uranium concentrations in range from $2{\times}10^{-4}\;M\;to\;4{\times}10^{-6}\;M$, pH values between 3.8 and 7.0, the constant ionic strength of 0.1 M $NaClO_4$ and the temperature of $25.0{\pm}0.1^{\circ}C$. The solubility product of U(VI) hydrolysis products was calculated from LIBD results by using the hydrolysis constants selected in NEA-TDB. The solubility product extrapolated to zero ionic strength, ${\log}K^{\circ}_{sp}=-22.85{\pm}0.23$ was calculated by using a specific ion interaction theory (SIT). The spectral features of ionic species in uranium solutions were investigated by using a conventional UV-visible absorption spectrophotometer and a fluorophotometer, respectively, $(UO_2)_2(OH)_2^{2+}\;and\;(UO_2)_3(OH)_5^+$ were dominant species at uranium concentration of $2{\times}10^{-4}\;M$.

  • PDF

Evaluation of Galactomannan Enzyme Immunoassay and Quantitative Real-Time PCR for the Diagnosis of Invasive Pulmonary Aspergillosis in a Rat Model

  • Lin, Jian-Cong;Xing, Yan-Li;Xu, Wen-Ming;Li, Ming;Bo, Pang;Niu, Yuan-Yuan;Zhang, Chang-Ran
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.24 no.8
    • /
    • pp.1044-1050
    • /
    • 2014
  • Since there is no consensus about the most reliable assays to detect invasive aspergillosis from samples obtained by minimally invasive or noninvasive methods, we compared the efficacy of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for galactomannan (GM) detection and quantitative real-time PCR assay (qRT-PCR) for the diagnosis of invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Neutropenic, male Sprague-Dawley rats (specific pathogen free; 8 weeks old; weight, $200{\pm}20g$) were immunosuppressed with cyclophosphamide and infected with Aspergillus fumigatus intratracheally. Tissue and whole blood samples were harvested on days 1, 3, 5, and 7 post-infection and examined with GM ELISA and qRT-PCR. The A. fumigatus DNA detection sequence was detected in the following number of samples from 12 immunosuppressed, infected rats examined on the scheduled days: day 1 (0/12), day 3 (0/12), day 5 (6/12), and day 7 (8/12) post-infection. The sensitivity and specificity of the qRT-PCR assay was 29.2% and 100%, respectively. Receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis indicated a Ct (cycle threshold) cut-off value of 15.35, and the area under the curve (AUC) was 0.627. The GM assay detected antigen in sera obtained on day 1 (5/12), day 3 (9/12), day 5 (12/12), and day 7 (12/12) post-infection, and thus had a sensitivity of 79.2% and a specificity of 100%. The ROC of the GM assay indicated that the optimal Ct cut-off value was 1.40 (AUC, 0.919). The GM assay was more sensitive than the qRT-PCR assay in diagnosing invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in rats.

Rapid Detection and Monitoring Therapeutic Efficacy of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Complex Using a Novel Real-Time Assay

  • Jiang, Li Juan;Wu, Wen Juan;Wu, Hai;Ryang, Son Sik;Zhou, Jian;Wu, Wei;Li, Tao;Guo, Jian;Wang, Hong Hai;Lu, Shui Hua;Li, Yao
    • Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
    • /
    • v.22 no.9
    • /
    • pp.1301-1306
    • /
    • 2012
  • We combined real-time RT-PCR and real-time PCR (R/P) assays using a hydrolysis probe to detect Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC)-specific 16S rRNA and its rRNA gene (rDNA). The assay was applied to 28 non-respiratory and 207 respiratory specimens from 218 patients. Total nucleic acids (including RNA and DNA) were extracted from samples, and results were considered positive if the repeat RT-PCR threshold cycle was ${\leq}35$ and the ratio of real-time RT-PCR and real-time PCR load was ${\geq}1.51$. The results were compared with those from existing methods, including smear, culture, and real-time PCR. Following resolution of the discrepant results between R/P assay and culture, the overall sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive values (PPV), and negative predictive values (NPV) of all samples (including non-respiratory and respiratory specimens) were 98.2%, 97.2%, 91.7%, and 99.4%, respectively, for R/P assay, and 83.9%, 89.9%, 72.3%, and 94.7%, respectively, for real-time PCR. Furthermore, the R/P assay of four patient samples showed a higher ratio before treatment than after several days of treatment. We conclude that the R/P assay is a rapid and accurate method for direct detection of MTBC, which can distinguish viable and nonviable MTBC, and thus may guide patient therapy and public health decisions.

A Sensitive Detection of Actinide Species in Solutions Using a Capillary Cell (모세관 셀을 이용한 수용액 내 악티나이드 화학종의 고감도 검출)

  • Cho, Hye-Ryun;Park, Kyuong-Kyun;Jung, Euo-Chang;Song, Kyu-Seok
    • Journal of Nuclear Fuel Cycle and Waste Technology(JNFCWT)
    • /
    • v.7 no.2
    • /
    • pp.109-114
    • /
    • 2009
  • Absorption spectra for a quantitative analysis of actinide elements such as U(VI) and Pu(V) were measured by using a liquid waveguide capillary cell (LWCC) which has an optical path length of 1.0 meter. In order to investigate radioactive elements, a LWCC is installed in a glove box and is coupled to a spectrophotometer with optical fibers. Limits of detection (LOD) for the system were determined as 0.74 and 0.35 M with molar absorption coefficients of 8.14${\pm}$0.07 (414 nm) and 17.00${\pm}$0.16 (569 nm) $M^{-1}cm^{-1}$ for U(VI) and Pu(V) ions, respectively. The measured LOD values are about 30 times more sensitive when compared to those achievable by using a conventional quartz cell with an optical path length of 1.0 cm. As an application with an enhanced sensitivity, a quantitative analysis for micromolar concentrations of Pu(V) has been performed to decrease the uncertainty in the formation constant of the Pu(VI)-OH complex.

  • PDF

Evaluation of Reservoir Monitoring-based Hydrological Drought Index Using Sentinel-1 SAR Waterbody Detection Technique (Sentinel-1 SAR 영상의 수체 탐지 기법을 활용한 저수지 관측 기반 수문학적 가뭄 지수 평가)

  • Kim, Wanyub;Jeong, Jaehwan;Choi, Minha
    • Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
    • /
    • v.38 no.2
    • /
    • pp.153-166
    • /
    • 2022
  • Waterstorage is one of the factorsthat most directly represent the amount of available water resources. Since the effects of drought can be more intuitively expressed, it is also used in variousstudies for drought evaluation. In a recent study, hydrological drought was evaluated through information on observing reservoirs with optical images. The short observation cycle and diversity of optical satellites provide a lot of data. However, there are some limitations because it is vulnerable to the influence of weather or the atmospheric environment. Therefore, thisstudy attempted to conduct a study on estimating the drought index using Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) image with relatively little influence from the observation environment. We produced the waterbody of Baekgok and Chopyeong reservoirs using SAR images of Sentinel-1 satellites and calculated the Reservoir Area Drought Index (RADI), a hydrological drought index. In order to validate the applicability of RADI to drought monitoring, it was compared with Reservoir Storage Drought Index (RSDI) based on measured storage. The two indices showed a very high correlation with the correlation coefficient, r=0.87, Area Under curve, AUC=0.97. These results show the possibility of regional-scale hydrological drought monitoring of SAR-based RADI. As the number of available SAR images increases in the future, it is expected that the utilization of drought monitoring will also increase.