• Proceedings of the Korea Concrete Institute Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.1053-1060
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• 2003

The temperature variation of the concrete pavement in the early age significantly affects the initiation and propagation of its early age cracks. This implies that the measurement and analysis of early age temperature trend are necessary to examine the causes of early age cracks in the concrete pavement. In this study, it is investigated how the early age temperature trend in the concrete pavement affects the random crack initiation and behaviors of saw-cut joints using the actual construction site which is located at the KHC test road. During 72 hours after placing the concrete pavement, the ambient air temperature and temperatures at the top, middle, and bottom in the concrete pavement were measured and the random crack initiation in concrete slabs and early age behaviors in the joints were surveyed. The investigation results indicate that the first random crack was initiated at one of the slabs placed in the early morning which have higher temperature changes during early 72 hours. In addition, the joints that were saw-cut in the morning were cracked more rapidly than those saw-cut in the afternoon.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
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• v.35 no.10
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• pp.847-853
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to develope a series of business models for promotion of value added logistics activities of lumber hinterland in Incheon Northport. A set of policies to create value added developed are an import market diversification model using Incheon Northport, a model by building integration processing center by pallet facility, a model by joint logistics center, an export-oriented Pre-cut material development model and an export processing value added model.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2005.03a
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• pp.777-780
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• 2005

The bench of cut-slope is necessary to stabilizing. But it is possible to be a weak zone in slope. When a small scale failure is occurred in a bench, it influence a large scale failure of slope. So when it is found out any unstable factor, weathering of rock, a direction of joint in a bench, if the bench is reinforced suitably, the holly failure is prevented in cut-slope

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2001.06b
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• pp.465-470
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• 2001

This paper presents an algorithm which seeks steady-state equilibrium positions of constrained multibody systems driven by constant generalized speeds. Since the relative coordinates are employed, the constraint equations at cut joints are incorporated into the formulation. The proposed algorithm leads to nonlinear equations that need to be solved iteratively. This algorithm should satisfy both types of conditions: the force equilibrium equations and the kinematic constraint equations. To verify the effectiveness of the proposed algorithm, two numerical examples are solved and the results are compared with those of a commercial program. This method, compared to the conventional method of using dynamic analysis, has the advantage of computational efficiency and stability.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.163-168
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• 2007

Background: Temporomandibular joint disorder (TMD) is a group of musculoskeletal conditions characterized by pain in the pre-auricular area, limitation of jaw movement and palpable muscle tenderness. Thermography is a nonionizing, noninvasive diagnostic alternative for the evaluation of TMD. This study was conducted to evaluate the usefulness of thermography in the assessment of TMD. Methods: Thermography was conducted on the 61 patients who had been diagnosed with TMD, and on the 34 normal symptom-free volunteers. The temperature differences between opposite sides of the temporomandibular joint (${\Delta}T_{TMJ}$) and the masseter muscle (${\Delta}T_{MST}$) were calculated. The sensitivity and specificity of thermography was calculated at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3, and $0.4^{\circ}C$. Results: In the patient group, the ${\Delta}T_{TMJ}$ was $0.42{\pm}0.38^{\circ}C$ and the ${\Delta}T_{MST}$ was $0.38{\pm}0.33^{\circ}C$, whereas in the control group the ${\Delta}T_{TMJ}$ was $0.10{\pm}0.07^{\circ}C$ and the ${\Delta}T_{MST}\;0.15{\pm}0.10^{\circ}C$. In addition, the patient group demonstrated a significantly lower level of thermal symmetry than the control group (P < 0.001) in both the temporomandibular joints and the masseter muscles. The sensitivity of thermography at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3 and $0.4^{\circ}C$ was 67.2, 49.2, and 42.6% in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and 60.7, 49.2 and 37.7% in the masseter muscle, respectively. The specificity of thermography at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3 and $0.4^{\circ}C$ was 88.2, 100, and 100% in the TMJ and 61.8, 91.2 and 100% in the masseter muscles, respectively. The accuracy of thermography at the cut off values of 0.2, 0.3 and $0.4^{\circ}C$ was 74.7, 67.4, and 63.2% in TMJ and 61.1, 64.2 and 60.0% in the masseter muscles, respectively. Conclusions: Temperature differences exist between the opposite sides of the TMD and masseter muscles in patients with TMD. Although the sensitivity of thermography in the diagnosis of TMD is low, it has high specificity in the evaluation of TMD, and is therefore applicable to patients with TMD.

• The Korean Journal of Pharmacology
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• v.15 no.1_2 s.25
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• pp.39-43
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• 1979

Piroxicam is known to be a new nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug which has anti-inflammatory, antiedema, antigranuloma and analgesic activities through the mechanism of inhibition of prostaglandin synthetase. Clinical survey for piroxicam was carried cut on 40 cases of rheumatoid arthritis and 30 cases of degenerative arthritis who visited University Hospital from Feb. to June, 1979. Following results could be obtained: 1) In rheumatoid and degenerative arthritis, the effect of piroxicam was significant in decrease of joint pain, shortening of duration of morning stiffness, decrease in number of swollen joints, improvement of joint stiffness, decrease of E.S.R., increase of mean grip strength and decrease of articular index. 2) Side effects, almost all in G-I troubles were encountered in 6 cases in 40 cases of rheumatoid arthritis and 4 cases in 30 cases of degenerative arthritis.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.439-457
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• 2000

The causes, risk factors and sequelae of mastectomy were studied, and the physical therapy approaches on post-mastectomy was discussed in this study. It was found that the patients taken mastectomy have experienced pins and needles in muscle, weakening of muscle, pains, deterioration of motion in joint region and activities of daily living, psychiatric sequelae, and etc even after the conservertive therapies like the chemical therapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and hormone therapy. However, few study on the physical therapy approaches for patients with breast cancer has been carried in Korea at present. The followings were proposed as the physical therapy approaches. 1. Shoulder joint motion approach to relax the limit of range of motion 2. Control of breathing exercise for dealing with removal of the pectorailis muscle 3. Method to reduce the edema of arms for tackling the cut of lymph node 4. Method to reduce pains, pins and needles 5. Support home exercise program after discharging from hospital, sexual life and pregnancy, and activities of daily living training method.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2003.10b
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• pp.466-471
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• 2003

The characteristics of a rock joint which influence the stability of rock mass structures, such as the cut slopes and the tunnels, are largely controlled by the conditions of the rock joint as well as its boundary conditions. Boundary conditions can be represented by assuming that the deformability(or stiffness) of the rock mass surrounding the joints is modelled by a spring with stiffness. A new direct shear apparatus is developed in this study, which adapts a servo control system using PID algorithm. This apparatus can be used to investigate the various aspects of shear characteristics of the rock joints at conditions of constant normal stress and constant normal stiffness and so on. It is possible that the behavior under the constant normal stiffness condition can be predicted by the normalized graphic method with results obtained from the tests in the constant normal stress condition.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A
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• v.20 no.11
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• pp.3398-3407
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• 1996

In this paper, we derive an algorithm and develope a computer program which analyze rapidly and precisely the inverse kinematics of robotic mechanism with spatial complex chain structure based on the relative coordinates. We represent the inverse kinematic problem as an optimization problem with the kinematic constraint equations. The inverse kinematic analysis algorithm, therefore, consists of two algorithms, the main, an optimization algorithm finding the motion of independent joints from that of an end-effector and the sub, a forward kinematic analysis algorithm computing the motion of dependent joints. We accomplish simulations for the investigation upon the accuracy and efficiency of the algorithm.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.65-71
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• 1999

The bending performance of sloped finger-jointed Rhus verniciflua were tested in order to improve the strength properties of finger-joint. Sloped finger-cut pieces were jointed with three kinds of adhesives (polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl-acryl acetate and oilic resin). The slope ratios of finger joints were 0, 1.0, 1.5, and 2.0. The MOE, MOR and deflection to maximum load in bending of sloped finger-joints and solid wood specimen were measured. The results were : 1) The efficiencies of MOE to finger and sloped finger-joints to the solid wood were almost same in the three kinds of adhesives(polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl-acryl acetate and oilic urethane resin) and there were some effect of slope on the MOE in a sloped finger-joint for three kinds of resin adhesives. 2) There was the effect of slope on the MOR in sloped finger-joints in every kind of adhesive. The efficiencies of MOR in slope ratios of 0 and 2.0 ranged 65-79%, respectively. There was also a slight effect of the kinds of adhesives on the MOR. However, the efficiencies of deflection to the urethane resin adhesive were much less than those of polyvinyl acetate, polyvinyl-acryl acetate resin adhesives except the slope ratio of 0. 3) It might be impossible to estimate the bending stregth of sloped finger-jointed Rhus verniciflua by using MOE. The correlation coefficient(0.192) between MOE was very low and not significant at 5% level.