• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.21-28
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• 2017

Curtain-wall systems have been widely applied to buildings because of their lightweight and constructability characteristics. However, as curtain-wall systems include many building materials, vapor barriers can become damaged and condensation can occur. Due to the material properties of stone curtain-walls, the external appearance and structure of a building could be damaged and the insulating performance of the curtain-wall could be worse. Natural ventilation using an air cavity in a curtain-wall is expected to be effective for the prevention of condensation in inner walls and for the reduction of building cooling energy use in the summer. The purpose of this experimental study is to analyze the influence of a ventilated cavity on the insulating performance of a curtain-wall and the ventilated cavity depth and ratio of top opening needed to prevent condensation in a curtain-wall.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2009.05a
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• pp.409-416
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• 2009

This paper presents a tool called Quality-Cost optimization system (QCOS), which integrates Multi-Objective Genetic Algorithm (MOGA) and Quality Function Deployment (QFD), for tradeoff between quality and cost of the unitized metal curtain-wall unit. A construction owner as the external customer pursues to maximize the quality of the curtain-wall unit. However, the contractor as the internal customer pursues to minimize the cost involved in designing, manufacturing and installing the curtain-wall unit. It is crucial for project manager to find the tradeoff point which satisfies the conflicting interests pursued by the both parties. The system would be beneficial to establish a quality plan satisfying the both parties. Survey questionnaires were administered to the construction owner who has an experience of curtain-wall project, the architects who are the independent assessor, and the contractors who were involved in curtain-wall design and installation. The Customer Requirements (CRs) and their importance weights, the relationship between CRs and Technical Attributes (TAs) consisting of a curtain-wall unit, and the cost ratios of each components consisting curtain-wall unit are obtained from the three groups mentioned previously. The data obtained from the surveys were used as the QFD input to compute the Owner Satisfaction (OS) and Contractor Satisfaction (CS). MOGA is applied to optimize resource allocation under limited budget when multi-objectives, OS and CS, are pursued at the same time. The deterministic multi-objective optimization method using MOGA and QFD is extended to stochastic model to better deal with the uncertainties of QFD input and the variability of QFD output. A case study demonstrates the system and verifies the system conformance.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.95-100
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• 2011

Currently, office buildings in Korea tend to adopt as their outer wall the curtain wall structure which can be easily constructed and has beautiful external appearance as well. However, the problem is that the curtain wall structure does not have a uniform composition unlike the wall of existing reinforced concrete structures and has a frame made of metal with high heat conduction. Therefore, it is expected that the structure will be highly influenced by the thermal bridge. Thereupon, this study analyzes how to set up the composition of the wall system and heat transmission rate in consideration of the thermal characteristics of the curtain wall structure and applies it in practice by simulation in order to propose a guideline for the energy simulation method of the curtain wall structure and analyze its differences from existing simulation methods.

• International conference on construction engineering and project management
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• 2005.10a
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• pp.520-526
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• 2005

Automation in construction has been restricted to special classes of tasks. Curtain walls can be handled like standard construction materials; they are heavy but breakable, and are large but require precise installation. These characteristics make the installation of curtain walls ideal for robotic automation. There are two methods for developing construction robots: The first is approving the robot performance and applying it to the current construction methods. The second is admitting the limitation of the current robot technology and trying to optimize the current method of construction to apply the robot system. In this study, we derived the performance requirements of a curtain wall-installation robot. We also tested this robot at a real construction site and evaluated its performance. Finally, the results were analyzed, and we proposed additional research.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.10-18
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to develop an user-friendly computer program which can analyze the thermal performance of high-rise curtain wall. In this study, the sub-routines for FVM SOLVER, HIGH-RISE CONDITION CALCULATION, AUTOMATIC SPECIFICATION BOUNDARY/MESH, MATERIAL DATABASE, and GRAPHICAL CONDENSATION/U-FACTOR OUTPUT were developed by using Visual Basic. The curtain wall heat conduction simulation results of program showed good agreement with those of FLUENT and THERM. The minimum and maximum relative error rates were 3.17 and 9.68% compared to other software.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.104-111
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• 2011

Aluminum has been widely used as frame materials in the curtain walls. Recently, use of steel as a curtain wall frame is being considered due to its higher strength and thermal resistance than aluminum. In this study, fire tests on the basis of EN 13830 were performed with aluminum and steel-aluminum hybrid curtain walls. From the tests, fire resistance integrity, thermal insulation, and radiation properties were evaluated for both systems and compared. According to the test results, the steel-aluminum hybrid curtain wall showed better fire-performance than the typical aluminum curtain wall for the fire resistance integrity and radiation properties. Although, the fire resistance performance for the insulation property was 6 min for both the two frames, the collapses were occurred at 36 min for the steel-aluminum hybrid curtain wall and at 13 min for the aluminum hybrid curtain wall.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2004.11a
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• pp.174-181
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• 2004

We will introduce a method of construction of super-block curtain wall applied to Tower Palace III which is the highest high-rise complex building in Korea. Up-up method is utilized on Tower Palace III to shorten the term of works and it is that the curtain walls for the belt wall part are installed after the rests. The belt wall structure increases the horizontal structural stiffness of the building. The method of construction of super-block curtain wall is developed and used to raise and install the curtain wails of the belt wall floor. It is that the large block of curtain walls corresponding to three stories is fabricated on the ground in advance and the block is installed at a time by a tower crane. Specialized installing equipment :,s newly developed and applied to install the super-block. curtain wail. The curtain wall of the upper floor of the belt wall part is installed after the super-block. The installing equipment for this floor is developed utilizing a mini excavator and vacuum suctions. The application of this method had made it possible to omit the setting up the scaffold and financial profits such as the shortening of the terms of works was realized. The safety of works was secured and the productivity was also improved.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• autumn
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• pp.491-494
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• 2003

Curtain wall (for the outside wall) must be designed and constructed to resist weather condition of nature like rain. wind and surrounding environment. So, Now days, Mock-up test of curtain wall's total capability is generally used for skycraft building. But, Mock-up test specification in korea is so weak that there are lots of disputation. Also, lacking of clearness in specification causes many trouble in adaptation. Therefore, I would like to consider the problem of Mock-up test specification by inspecting and comparing with other country's works. and I will mention the way of approvement in our specification.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.345-354
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• 2013

This paper presents an advanced engineering technique using finite element analysis to improve structural silicone glazing (SSG) design in high-performance curtain wall systems for building facade. High wind pressures often result in bulky SSG aluminum extrusion profile dimensions. Architectural desire for aesthetically slender curtain wall sight-lines and reduction in aluminum usage led to optimization of structural silicone bite geometry for improved stress distribution through use of finite element analysis of the hyperelastic silicone models. This advanced design technique compared to traditional SSG design highlights differences in stress distribution contours in the silicone sealant. Simplified structural engineering per the traditional SSG design method lacks accurate forecasting of material and stress optimization, as shown in the advanced analysis and design. Full scale physical specimens were tested to verify design capacity in addition to correlate physical test results with the theoretical simulation to provide confidence of the model. This design technique will introduce significant engineering advancement to the curtain wall industry and building facade.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.26 no.6
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• pp.31-37
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• 2012

In this study, the fire risk of the curtain wall structure was compared with a general structure among the double envelope structure using a fire simulation program. To this end, a fire-story building curtain wall was modeled as virtual using the PyroSim based on a fire simulation program (FDS). And then, the fires occurred in the model, divided by curtain wall non-applied model and applied model, in the same structure and place. To identify the fire characteristics, smoke behavior characteristics, viewing distance, and volume fractions of CO and $CO_2$ were comparative analyzed. As a result, it was identified that the curtain wall applied model quickly filled with smoke from the top floor to under the floor compared to the curtain wall non-applied model. From this study, the fire risk of curtain wall structure was evaluated in detail using the fire simulations.