• Archives of design research
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.25-34
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• 2003

At the global times, each country is developing various designs, symbolizing its m country's original images. So significant and continual developments must be made in the aspect of the national identity and image promotion as well as for producing added value by commercializing the designs in the manner of discriminating against other cultures. What is the image which represents Korea\ulcorner Though there are many images, such as the national flag of Korea, a rose of Sharon, the Korean national anthem, Kimchi, Korean clothes, in this research I select "Taeguek" patterns in order not only to be able to associate the Korean national flag but to have a strong odor tone and aesthetic factors. The "Taeguek" patterns, Which stands for harmony and prosperity, have been used in the Korean buildings and in the small tolls for practical lives of Korean people from the old times. Recently we are asked to develop a variety of cultural assets for lots of international event held these days. So this research is trying to apply the patterns of "Taeguek" to our reality, the division of the Korean peninsular. In the doctrine of the five natural elements, although Um and Yang are incompatible, they can be combined and then lead to a mutual harmony by accomplishing a good balance. Just in the same way, the South and North, which seem incompatible by appearance, can live together and eventually be united. By implanting that meaning into the patterns of "Taeguek", the postcards can make the meaning of unification visually dear and can assist to speed up the unification of south and North and to show our hope to the world.North and to show our hope to the world.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.121-136
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• 1998

The purpose of this study was to present a new research method of stage costume by designing and making the stage costume of Yean-GaeSoMoon(淵蓋蘇文) in Peking Opera Du Mu Guan (Korean; Dog Mog Guan, 獨木關). The stage costume of Peking Opera was formed on the basis of the Chinese traditional stage costume in the Qing period, however the style of stage costume was beautified the costume of Ming period and here contained the factors of successive costumes. But the stage costume of Peking Opera didn't have the same rank system with real history costume and didn't have demarcation according to period and history. In the stage costume of Peking Opera, the color is cultural language that can inform spectators of sex, age, personality, position of characters. The pattern of decoration also symboled the personality and characteristic of the character. Yean-GaeSoMoon in the play wore green armour (Chinese; ru ying kao 綠硬靠), red pants (Chinese; hong ku 紅褲), red mustache (Chinese; hong ran kou 紅髥口), crown (Chinese; da e zi 大額子), shoes (Chinese; hou di xue 厚底靴) and Xue RenGui wore white armour (Chinese; baikao 白靠), red pants (Chinese; hong ku 紅褲), shoes (Chinese; hou di xue 厚底靴), hat (Chinese; za jin 扎巾). By historical materials, Yean-GaeSoMoon was a nationalist who uphold national sprit and the greatest hero of the age and a charismatic politician who combines literatural arts with military arts. Considering these reviews, defined the thema of his new costumes' image as "the flying bird which has three legs"(三足鳥), the bird which symbolized the sun and immortality in Koguryo fresco. On the basis of this image, presented three types of Yean-GaeSoMoon's stage costume. Yean-GaeSoMoon as the minister in the court wore black gown (Chinese; mang pao 蟒袍) of dargon pattern which symbolizes harisma who opening the heaven. He as the general who directs war wore red mantle (Chinese; dou peng 斗蓬) which symbolizes the blue dragon that soaring into the sky, as the officer who fights the enemy's general wore green armour (Chinese; gai liang jia 改良甲), red pants (Chinese; hong ku 紅褲) which symbolizes the flying Sward that blowing violently. By wearing these stage costumes, the image of Yean-GaeSoMoon could changed from the fierce general of minority race who likes to fight, to the Koguryo general who fights against enemy at the risk of his life for Koguryo's autonomy. Through this study once again we could realized that stage costume played very mportant part In outstnding the characteristic of actor in the Peking Opera.

• Clean Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.32-43
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• 1996

The interactions of the societal-industrial system with the environment form one of the most critical issues in today's world. The inadequacy of current environmental regulatory structures and of traditional ways of analyzing environmental issues, together with the continuing need to mitigate the environmental perturbations arising from this complex relationship, have led to the development of a new conceptual framework termed industrial ecology. Industrial ecology (IE), defined by Graedel and Allenby, is the means by which humanity can deliberately and rationally approach and maintain a desirable carrying capacity, given continued economic, cultural and technological evolution. The concept requires that an industrial system be viewed not in isolation from its surrounding systems, but in concert with them. IE is a systems view in which one seeks to optimize the total materials cycle from virgin material, to finished material, to component, to product, to obsolete product, and to ultimate disposal. Factors to be optimized include resources, energy, and capital. In the present paper, the concept of Industrial Ecology and its application through efficient and practical Design for Environment (DFE) methodologies and tools will be introduced to Korea. This paper will also emphasis on the industrial environment within which DFE methodologies must be used, including the fundamentals of industrial design activities, concurrent engineering, constraints on design choices and existing technological infrastructure.

• Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.414-420
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• 2009

We dyed traditional Korean hand-made papers (Hanji) with colorants extracted from fruits of Alnus japonica to investigate the effect of various dyeing factors (mordant, dye concentration and dyeing assistant) on colors, K/S values and light fastness of the dyed Hanji. The dyed hanji had brown color. The K/S value of dyed Hanji was increased by mordanting with alum and copper acetate. $a^*$ and $b^*$ value of dyed Hanji was decreased slightly by mordanting with alum and Iron(II) chloride. The K/S value and $b^*$ of dyed Hanji increased with increasing concentration of dye, but $L^*$ value of dyed Hanji decreased. The K/S value of dyed Hanji was also increased by fixing agent. When Hanji was mordanted with Iron(II) chloride and was not mordanted, use of fixing agent resulted in greater increase of K/S value. Use of fixing agent resulted in poor light fastness. When fixing agent was used, mordanting with copper acetate resulted in smaller color difference than mordanting with alum after aging test.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.644-657
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• 2020

As the development of urbanization has cause some environmental problems and natural disasters such as natural earthquakes and floods have brought about impact, designers have turned their attention to the independent prevention ability of urban ecosystems in face of environmental pollution and natural disasters, as well as its ability to adapt to the future. This study introduces 'elasticity theory' to discuss the practical application of elasticity design in landscapes and to solve the problem of lack of elasticity in space, which can provide more scientific reference meaning to create economic, cultural, and social values for space. After selecting 'The High Line' as the object, this paper investigates the previous theories and practical cases, and infers ecology, sustainability, diversity, and adaptability. And then this paper applies five components and analyzes the specific application of these five components of the landscape spatial elasticity strategy, and summarizes the application characteristics and influencing factors of elasticity design in 'The High Line' landscape planning. It can be known from the research that elasticity strategy which is reflected in the design process is the systematic management of landscape space. Elasticity design itself can strengthen environment quality and satisfy the requirements of the environment to defense external shocks so as to adapt to environment changes. Therefore, the elasticity design can strengthen the sustainable development of the city and establish a periodic recycle system.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.698-712
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• 2004

As EU's enlargement toward Central and Eastern countries, it is expected to change of the economic activity space of EU. This paper aims to examine the changing of economic activity space of EU with a locational analysis of foreign direct investment in Central and Eastern countries. The foreign enterprises, particularly EU's firms are increasing the direct investment in the Central and Eastern countries from the middle 1990's for a raising of the efficiency of production and a prior occupation of the potential market. The foreign direct investment in Central and Eastern Europe has a tendency to concentrate in Poland, Hungary, Czech and Slovakia, which has relatively a large market, a cheap and plentiful labor, a stable political system and a positive inviting policy of foreign direct investment. And, the foreign direct investment shows a tendency to locate generally in a big city, which has a advantageous production factors by a well-developed infrastructure and a regional industrial organization, a skilled labors, a market, etc., and in a border area between East and West Europe because of a cheap and plentiful labor, a similar cultural environment and the low cost of transportation. In conclusion, as an integration of the Central and Eastern countries into EU, the capital territories of Hungary, Czech and Poland, and the border area between East and West Europe is becoming a new economic activity space of EU with a location of foreign direct investment. And. the Baltic zone is also expect to become a new economic activity space according to the augmentation of exchanges and direct investment inter near countries.

• Journal of the Korean association of regional geographers
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.609-622
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• 2007

This paper examines the lava tubes designated as a natural monument in Jeju Island, and then makes the several suggestions for conserving and managing them. The cave entrances should be scientifically and strictly managed to prevent the deterioration, and to preserve the interior ecosystem, of the lava tubes. The land use and vegetation of the ground surface over the lava tubes should be also systematically managed; the destroyed sand dunes must be recovered for the development of speleothem in the lava tubes, and the plants with deep roots must be removed for the prevention of ceiling collapse. The provincial authorities should manage the ground surface over the lava tubes as a public land to remove the factors threatening the stability of the lava tubes. Since the roads crossing the ground surface are likely to cause the collapse of the lava tubes, new roads bypassing the caves need to be constructed, and warning signs should be also installed at the traverse points. A monitoring system on the cultural properties protection area over the lava tubes could be effectively established by encouraging residents to participate the conservation program of lava tubes. Since the falling blocks from ceilings have been usually observed in the lava tubes, it is urgent to examine their stability. In particular, the dangerous sections must be continuously monitored for taking a quick measure against the collapse. The air environments of lava tubes need to be scientifically analyzed based upon the long-term observations. The lighting equipments must be improved to minimize the green pollution in the lava tubes open to the public. The numbers of visitors should be also controlled to prevent the destruction and contamination of lava tubes caused by a large number of visitors.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.1-46
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• 1994

The Purpose of this research is to analyze and discuss the development of yellowtail aquaculture industry in Japan and its management structure. The research includes the following : (a) It confirms the industrial conditions of yellowtail aqaculture which has a national technical and mass production system that has been developed at great speed. (b) It analyzes yellowtail aqaculture development from a family - oriented management to a large scale production. (c) It examines how the fisheries cooperatives harmonized their role with the object of individual aqaculture management and aqaculture fishing ground management. The reasons for this study focusing on the yellowtail aqaculture industry of Japan are : (a) The yellowtail aqaculture is regared as a typical field in aqaculture because it reflects the general aqaculture history, quantity of fisheries aqaculture product, the number of fishermen involved in this industry, technology , and the live and fish market formation in Japan. (b) The aqaculture has the most powerful entrepreneurial in financial and management style. The aqaculture industry also has a most individual management style which includes planned production and shipping strategy. This research has attempted to study the industrial processes of fisheries aqaculture industry and its management development, and focused on the yellowtail aqaculture industry of Japan. This work also includes data about the aqaculture management of fisheries cooperatives and case by case analysis of aqaculture production. The following results were obtained from this study : First, even though ocean, weather conditions, and widespread propagation of places suitable for aqaculture in Japan were crucial factors in aqaculture development, it must be pointed out that fisheries policy in Japan changed from "catching" in the 1960s to "cultivating". Second, the widespread course of fisheries cultivating technology in Japan has had two characteristics. One is that early aqaculture technology spread to the southern part of Japan and the other is that the metal nets were widely used in the northern part in the 1970s. Japan's yellowtail aqaculture industry's overproduction was due to metal nets. However, the use of mwtal nets also contributed to the improvement of aqaculture and the strategic aspects of aqaculture management. In addition, it should be stressed that Kagoshima prefecture as the pioneer of metal nets contributed to fisheries aqaculture development in japan. Third, as aqaculture technology developed, entrepreneurial qualities of aqaculture management also developed this field into a large scale business. Even though it is not clear, large scale management of yellowtail aqaculture shows evidence of superiority over small andmedium - size management of yellowtail aqaculture. Fourth, yellowtail aqaculture management in Japan hascontributed to the production system and aqaculture strategy to meet consumers' needs and market demands from weather - oriented trational fisheries industry, which overcame their overproduction structure. Fifth, Japanese fisheries cooperative played very important roles in the prevention of fishing grounds production from destruction and in promoting suitable aqaculture facilities so that aqaculture could grow continually.ld grow continually.

• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.254-270
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• 2009

As consumers are becoming more conscious about food safety and high quality standards, they are getting more interested in influencing the food policy-making process. Triggered by FTA (Free Trade Agreement) ratification between the Republic of Korea and the U.S. in 2008, a sharp conflict was created in importing U.S. beef between the government of Republic of Korea and its people. Food selection is known as a complex mental process of consumers, which incorporates social and cultural values, personal tastes, and other psychological factors. This study utilized the concept of antinomy which was signified by Immanuel Kant in his thesis. The concept of antinomy indicates a contradiction between conclusions which seem equally logical, reasonable or necessary. This study is designed to investigate the changes in the amount of beef consumption among Korean consumers after the Republic of Korea resumed U.S. beef imports and the impact of a consumer's trust in the U.S. on his/her antinomic acceptance. Also, it examined the effects of antinomic acceptance and whether a consumer is a potential restaurateur or a general consumer on the changes in the amount of beef consumption.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2005

Although there have been many clinical studies about the facial trauma in the recent as well as in the past, severity and frequency of facial trauma are reported multifarious. It seemed to be because of variety of social, cultural, and environmental factors, and the view point of investigators. In this study, we investigated about the patients visiting emergency room during recent 5 years(1999-2003), and compared with retrospective study during former 5 years(1992-1996) in Dept. OMS Pusan Univ-Hospital. We are assessed the cause, type, demographic ect. And analyzed alterations of facial bone fractures during past 2 periods. the results were as follows. The total number of patients was increased slightly. 429 patients treated for maxillofacial fractures between January 1992 and December 1996 and 466 patients treated between January 1992 and December 1996. The male-to-female ratio reduced in the second period by a factor of 0.7. Patients in the age groups of 10-19 years and 20-29 years increased by a factor of 4.2 and 7.9 in the second period. Assaults and falls in the second period decreased by a factor of 15.4 and 7.9. But, traffic accidents and slip downs in the second period increased by a factor of 6 and 6.6. The mandibular fractures(70.6%) showed the highest incidence, followed by zygomatic bone and arch fractures(7.5%), maxillary bone fractures(4.0%), and nasal bone fractures(4.0%). In the second period, the mid-face fracture was increased slightly. So, the mandibular fractures(69.0%) followed by maxillary bone fractures(12.9%), zygomatic bone and arch fractures(8.0%), nasal bone fractures(7.0%). Ramus fractures and body fractures of mandible was increased slightly in the second period.