• 대한가정학회지
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.43-55
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• 2010

With the sex role changes in the post-modern society, men are becoming increasingly interested in appearance and their bodies. Male muscles in particular, which also is a visual manifestation of masculine strengths, has become the focal interest for those men who care about appearance management. The purpose of this study was to identify the extent to which Korean culture emphasizes muscles in defining masculine body, and to understand Korean men's perception of muscle building and their bodies. For this purpose, a content analysis and a survey were conducted. The content analysis aimed at identifying the ideal masculine image represented in the ads featured in male fashion magazines. For the purpose of comparison, U.S. magazines were also examined. The result showed that male models' images shown in Korean magazines were not significantly different from the male images in American magazines in terms of the body size, muscularity, and the nudity of the models. A survey to 339 men aged between 20 to 50 living in Seoul area was conducted to explore the motives of muscle building, the criteria men use to evaluate muscled bodies, and the influence of muscle building on body satisfaction. Factor analysis and analyses of variances followed by Scheffe multiple comparisons were conducted for data analysis. The results showed that physical appearance improvement is one of the motives of muscle building especially for younger men. Muscle building in general is found to contribute positively to men's body satisfaction.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.1-13
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• 2006

The Attention Restoration Theory (ART) developed by Kaplan and Kaplan proposes that effortful directed attention required in normal life can be fatigued. Restoration can occur in a setting that has restorative qualities. The restorative quality described by the ART involves four concepts: being away, fascination extent, and compatibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the restorative quality of landscape influenced the preferences and satisfaction of visitors to an heritage landscape. Four kinds of heritage landscapes of Kyongju were used as environmental surrogates and 150 americans participated in the study. Hartig et al.'s Revised Perceived Restorativeness Scale (RPRS) was used as the psychological measure for the restorative quality, along with other measurement constructs such as cultural uniqueness and novelty. The results showed that RPRS was a reliable measurement tool for assessing the restorative quality of artificial landscapes. Factor analysis identified three valid factors: escape-fascination compatibility, anti-extent. Among the three factors, only two, escape-fascination and compatibility, were found to have important effects on visiting preference and satisfaction. Specifically, higher levels of preference and satisfaction were associated with higher levels of escape-fascination and compatibility. The results indicate that the restorative quality has a high possibility to be used as a frame of reference for assessing various types of landscapes, from natural to artificial. It was also proposed that restorative quality could better explain the experience of the landscape strongly related to specific purpose or motivation.

• 한국의류학회지
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.696-704
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• 2003

The main purpose of this study is to examine the gay men's clothing attitude and preference according to gender role, for reviewing their clothing culture. Specifically, this study focuses on 1) investigating gay men's clothing attitude(brand orientation, conformity, fashion leadership, sexual attractiveness), 2) identifying their clothing preference, 3) comparing the difference of lifestyle, and 4) comparing the difference of their preference color and wearing the accessary, according to their gender role. Futhermore, this study compares those factors between gay men and heterosexual men. The data was collected from 168 persons(76 gay men and 92 heterosexual men) in LGHRF(Lesbian & Gay Human Rights Federation), Korea Gaymen's Coalition and adult men living in Seoul. To analyze data, the methodology adopted in this study is frequency, t-test, and ANOVA. The results found in this study are as followings: First, sexual attractiveness was significant factor for the gay men's clothing attitude and not concern about conformity. According to the gender role, bottom, who have much of the woman in composition, was more higher for the fashion leadership than top, who have a propensity for masculine. Second, gay men prefer to masculine, simple and casual style. According to the gender role, 'top' was more likely to masculine, simple and formal style rather than 'Bottom'. Third, Gay men were much more concern about a cultural life style. Furthermore, a preference color for both group was blue. Especially, gay men tended to prefer a chromatic color. The implication getting from conclusion in this study was to study Gay men's taste for a fashion, clothing attitude and their preference to purchase, etc., in considering their buying power for clothing in a fashion market.

• Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology
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• 제27권9호
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• pp.1692-1700
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• 2017

Ralstonia solanacearum causes bacterial wilt in a wide variety of host plant species and produces a melanin-like blackish-brown pigment in stationary phase when grown in minimal medium supplemented with tyrosine. To study melanin production regulation in R. solanacearum, five mutants exhibiting overproduction of melanin-like pigments were selected from a transposon (Tn) insertion mutant library of R. solanacearum SL341. Most of the mutants, except one (SL341T), were not complemented by the original gene or overproduced melanins. SL341T showed Tn insertion in a gene containing a conserved domain of eukaryotic transcription factor. The gene was annotated as a hypothetical protein, given its weak similarity to any known proteins. Upon complementation with its original gene, the mutant strains reverted to their wild-type phenotype. SL341T produced 3-folds more melanin at 72 h post-incubation compared with wild-type SL341 when grown in minimal medium supplemented with tyrosine. The chemical analysis of SL341T cultural filtrate revealed the accumulation of a higher amount of homogentisate, a major precursor of pyomelanin, and a lower amount of dihydroxyphenylalanine, an intermediate of eumelanin, compared with SL341. The expression study showed a relatively higher expression of hppD (encoding hydroxyphenylpyruvate dioxygenase) and lower expression of hmgA (encoding homogentisate dioxygenase) and nagL (encoding maleylacetoacetate isomerase) in SL341T than in SL341. SL341 showed a significantly higher expression of tyrosinase gene compared with SL341T at 48 h post-incubation. These results indicated that R. solanacearum produced both pyomelanin and eumelanin, and the novel hypothetical protein is involved in the negative regulation of melanin production.

• 분석과학
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• 제26권3호
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• pp.190-198
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• 2013

호박은 오래전부터 장식품, 공예품, 부장품 등으로 사용되어 매장문화재 형태로 발굴되고 있다. 발굴 당시 호박은 풍화가 많이 진행되어 표면의 균열, 박락 등이 관찰된다. 풍화에 따른 호박의 성분 변화를 파악하는 것은 보존상태를 진단하고, 적절한 보존방법을 적용하는데 있어 매우 중요하다. 본 연구에서는 열분해/GC/MS로 호박의 열분해 산물을 분석하여 호박을 구성하는 성분을 찾고자 하였다. 또한, 열과 산소가 있는 조건에서 60일 동안 인공열화하여 호박의 열분해 산물의 구성비가 변화하는 것을 관찰하였다. 실험결과 호박의 주요 열분해 산물로 abietic acid가 검출되었고, monoterpene류, alkene류, aromatic hydrocarbon류가 검출되었다. 주요한 23개의 성분에 대해 열화에 따른 상대적인 면적비를 비교하여 열화에 따른 경향성을 파악하였다. 주성분인 abietic acid는 산소와 열이 있는 조건에서 급격하게 감소하였지만, 열만 있는 조건에서는 변화가 크지 않은 것으로 보아 산소가 호박의 열화에 중요한 역할을 하는 것으로 판단된다. 실제 풍화된 호박 원석의 표면에 대해 열화실험 결과를 적용하여 열화상태를 파악하는 시도도 하였다.

• 대한지리학회지
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• 제38권6호
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• pp.961-970
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• 2003

1972년 UN회의에서 해양 보호를 위한 활동이 고무되기 시작한 이후. 유효한 생태적 관점으로 해양을 고려하고, 문화와 생태계의 상호작용 방식을 탐구하기 위한 다양한 노력들이 있어왔다. 이로 인해 무엇보다 다양성의 개념이 주요 요소로 등장하게 되었다. 대표적으로 기후 변화와 지구화 과정의 연관 효과는 생태적, 경제적, 문화적 다양성을 강화하고, 해양 다양성에서 이 세 요소 사이의 피드백 과정을 가져올 것이다. 이러한 전지구적 과정을 다루기 위해, 데카르트적인 근대 인식론은 전혀 다른 원칙에 기반한 새로운 인식론으로 대체되어야 한다. 이러한 관점은 생태적 체계와 문화 체계로 구성된 이중 모듈의 체계를 고려하며, 이 둘의 상호작용을 중시한다. 새로운 다양성을 기반으로 한 접근법은 두 가지 주요 상호작용을 중시한다. 첫째, 생산적 상호작용은 본질적으로 생태계와 문화 모두의 다양성을 최대화하는 양의 피드백을 구성한다. 둘째. 반면에 위협적인 상호작용에서는 기후변화와 그 결과들과 같은 자연의 힘이나, 지구화와 같은 사회적 힘들은 자연과 문화 모두를 위협한다는 것이다.

• 미생물학회지
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• 제36권3호
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• pp.236-241
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• 2000

효모 Saccharomyces cerevisiae를 숙주 세포로 이용하여 활성형의 항균펩티드를 생산하기 위한 model system으로서 쉬파리 유래 defensin의 합성 유전자를 GAP promoter, mating factor $\alpha$1 (MF$\alpha$1)의 preprosequence 및 GAL7 transcription terminator의 조절하에 있는 재조합 plasmid pGMD18을 제작한 후 Saccharomyces cerevisiae에 형질전환하여 growth inhibtion zone assay를 통해 항균활성을 보유한 재조합 효모를 선별하였다. 재조합 효모의 성장 속도와 defensin의 분비능을 증가시키기 위하여 최적의 배지 조성과 배양조건을 결정하였다. 재조합 효모의 defensin 생산을 위한 최적 배양조건을 조사한 결과 0.4% yeast extract, 유기질소원 2% corn steep liquor, 탄소원 2.5% glucose, 0.05% $C_2CO_3$를 포함한 배지에서 초기 pH3 그리고 배양온도 $28^{\circ}C$의 경우가 세포성장과 defensin 의 항균활성이 가장 우수하였다. 이 조건으로 배양을 수행한 결과 YPD 배지에서 배양한 조건보다 약 2배의 세포 성장과 약 4배의 defenzin 생산을 확인하였다.

• 한국식품과학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.745-750
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• 1998

대두에 함유되어 있는 이소플라본은 항암, 골다공증 예방과 같은 기능을 수행하는 유용 생리활성물질이다. 국내의 주요 대두 가공 식품은 두부, 콩나물, 두유와 같은 비발효 식품과 간장, 된장, 청국장, 춘장과 같은 발효식품이 있다. 비발효 식품에서는 대두와 마찬가지로 대부분 배당체 형태로 존재하였다. 두유에는 평균 676 mg/kg의 이소플라본이 존재하였고, 두부는 종류에 따라 차이가 있었으며, 평균 1,151 mg/kg이 존재하였다. 콩나물에는 약 424 mg/kg이 존재하였다. 발효 식품 중에는 청국장(920 mg/kg)과 된장(627 mg/kg)에 많은 양의 이소플라본이 함유되어 있으며, 춘장에도 상당량이 존재하지만 간장에는 매우 적은 양이 함유되어 있었다. 또한 많은 양의 이소플라본이 aglycone의 형태로 존재하였다. 따라서 국내 전통 발효 식품인 청국장과 된장은 생체 이용성이 우수한 형태인 이소플라본 aglycone의 좋은 공급원이라고 할 수 있다.

• 대한지역사회영양학회지
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• 제8권2호
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• pp.202-219
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• 2003

The present study was conducted to evaluate the food and nutrients intakes of stomach cancer patients in the Daegu and Gyeongbuk areas in order to find out the dietary risk factors for stomach cancer. The subjects of the study were 102 patients who had recently been diagnosed with stomach cancer at the Gyeongbuk National University Hospital. The control subjects were 105 people including patients from the Department of Orthopedic Surgery and healthy volunteers who did not have any gastrointestinal diseases. Estimates of nutrients intakes were determined from the food intake frequency data obtained by individual interviews using questionnaires. The mean daily calorie intakes of the control and the case groups were not significantly different. However the energy intake from protein was significantly higher in the case group as compared to the control group. With regard to the nutrients intakes, the case subjects consumed significantly higher amounts of nutrients such as protein, calcium, sodium, phosphorus and niacin than the control group. The case group showed a tendency to consume higher amount of protein, fat, calcium and iron from animal food sources. In the present study dietary factors which were suspected as being risk factors for stomach cancer included high consumption of animal foods, specific nutrients such as protein, sodium and niacin, specific food groups such as meat, spices, and low consumption of fruits and mushrooms. Therefore, it is recommended that more extensive and systematic surveys be conducted to confirm the risk factors for stomach cancer, taking into consideration the dietary cultural characteristics of this region. (Korean J Community Nutrition 8(2) : 202∼219, 2003).

• 유통과학연구
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.73-87
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• 2019

Purpose - This research aims to investigate the effects that the selection of oriental medicine cosmetics and brand asset attributes have on consumers' economic, emotional and social values in order to shed light on the forms and characteristics of consumption within the globally developing oriental medicine cosmetics market, and in the end positively verify how such perceived values affect purchase intention. In addition, it proposes research outcomes by comparing the differences between national and cultural consumer purchase behavior based on the comparisons of consumer groups in South Korea and China, the major markets for oriental medicine cosmetics. Research design, data, and methodology - Based on advanced research a total of 9 hypotheses were designed and questionnaires consisting of 16 questions to identify six major variables were conducted. Research was carried out centered on Seoul, South Korea, and its surrounding metropolitan area as well as Beijing and Shanghai, China, and a total of 577 sets of significant data were collected. A comparison analysis was then conducted on the data from 285 Koreans and 292 Chinese. A regression analysis and path analysis were also carried out based on a structural equation model to suggest results. Results - Research results show brand value assets had a more crucial impact on consumers' perceived value than consumer selection of oriental medicine cosmetics, while emotional value had a bigger effect on purchase intension than social or economic values. For Chinese consumers in particular, social, economic and emotional values affected purchase intention, while emotional value was the most crucial factor for Korean consumers. Conclusions - With oriental medicine cosmetics, brand characteristics and images that helped express emotional desire proved to be more effective in marketing than the performance aspect of cosmetics, including their functions and ingredients. In the end, products that highlight individual desire and emotion should be introduced instead of those that emphasize price, functions and social characteristics in order to expand the global market of oriental medicine cosmetics.