Browse > Article

Inflnuence of the Restorative Quality of Landscape on the Visiting Preference and Satisfaction for Tourist Destination - An Evaluation of Heritage Landscape of Kyongju by Americans -  

Yi, Young-Kyoung (Dept. of Landscape Architecture, Dongguk University)
Publication Information
Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture / v.34, no.5, 2006 , pp. 1-13 More about this Journal
Abstract
The Attention Restoration Theory (ART) developed by Kaplan and Kaplan proposes that effortful directed attention required in normal life can be fatigued. Restoration can occur in a setting that has restorative qualities. The restorative quality described by the ART involves four concepts: being away, fascination extent, and compatibility. The purpose of this study was to investigate how the restorative quality of landscape influenced the preferences and satisfaction of visitors to an heritage landscape. Four kinds of heritage landscapes of Kyongju were used as environmental surrogates and 150 americans participated in the study. Hartig et al.'s Revised Perceived Restorativeness Scale (RPRS) was used as the psychological measure for the restorative quality, along with other measurement constructs such as cultural uniqueness and novelty. The results showed that RPRS was a reliable measurement tool for assessing the restorative quality of artificial landscapes. Factor analysis identified three valid factors: escape-fascination compatibility, anti-extent. Among the three factors, only two, escape-fascination and compatibility, were found to have important effects on visiting preference and satisfaction. Specifically, higher levels of preference and satisfaction were associated with higher levels of escape-fascination and compatibility. The results indicate that the restorative quality has a high possibility to be used as a frame of reference for assessing various types of landscapes, from natural to artificial. It was also proposed that restorative quality could better explain the experience of the landscape strongly related to specific purpose or motivation.
Keywords
Landscape Assessment; Historic Landscape; Tourism Values; Attention Restoration Theory; Revised Perceived Restorative Scale (RPRS);
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Gartner. W. C. (1993) Image formation process. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 2(2/3): 191-215   DOI
2 Hartig, T. A, M. Mang, G. W. Evans, and T. Garling(1997) A measure of restorative quality in environments, Scandinavian Housing and Planning research 14: 175-194   DOI   ScienceOn
3 Herzog, T. A, M. Black. K. A. Rountaine, and D. J. Knotts(1997) Reflection and attentional recovery as distinctive benefits of restorative environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 17: 165-170   DOI   ScienceOn
4 Kaplan. S.(1995) The restorative benefits of nature: toward an integrative framework. Journal of Environmental Psychology 15: 169-182   DOI   ScienceOn
5 Kaplan, R. and S. Kaplan(l989) The Experience of Nature: a Psychological Perspective. New York: Cambridge University Press
6 Purcell. A. T.. E. Peron. and R Berto(2001) Why do preferences differ between scene types? Environment and Behavior 33: 93-106   DOI
7 Reisinger. Y. and L. Tumer(1997) Cross-cultural differences in tourism: Indonesian tourists in Australia. Tourism Management 18(3): 139-147   DOI   ScienceOn
8 Ulrich, R. S,(1983) Aesthetic and affective response to natural environment. In I. Altman and J. F. Wohlwill. eds.. Behavior and the Natural Environment. New York: Plenum Press. pp, 85-125
9 Hartig, T. A.(1993) Testing Restorative Environments Theory. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of California. Irvine
10 Iso-Ahola, S.(1982) Towards a social psychology of tourism motivation: a rejoinder. Annals of Tourism Research 9: 256-261   DOI   ScienceOn
11 Kim. C. and S. Lee(2000) Understanding the cultural differences in tourist motivation between Anglo-American and Japanese tourists. Journal of Travel and Tourism Marketing 9(1/2): 153-170   DOI   ScienceOn
12 Kline, R. B.( 1998) Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling. New York: Guilford Press
13 현용호, 한상현(2005) 관광지 선택행동에 직접적인 영향을 미치는 이미지의 도출에 관한 연구-단순 선호 이미지와 선도 이미지의 비교를 중심으로-. 관광레져연구 17(3): 23-42
14 이영경, 이병인(2006) 경관유형이 도시사무직 근로자의 스트레스와 인지수행에 미치는 영향-자연 경관과 도시경관과의 비교를 중심으로-. 한국조경학회지 34( 1): 1-13   과학기술학회마을
15 Parsons. R.(1991) Recovery from Stress during Exposure to Videotaped Outdoor Environments. Unpublished Doctoral Dissertation. University of Arizona, Tucson
16 Parsons. R. L. G. Tassinary, R. S. Ulrich, M. R Hebl. and M Grossman-Alexander (1998) The view from the road: implication for stress recovery and immunization. Journal of Environmental Psychology 18: 113-140   DOI   ScienceOn
17 Crompton. J. (1979) Motivations for pleasure vacation. Annals of Tourism Research 6: 408-424   DOI   ScienceOn
18 이영경(2003) 심리적 . 생리적 측정에 근거한 산림경관의 스트레스 완화효과. 한국조경학회지 31(2): 70-82
19 Han. K. T.(2003) A reliable and valid self-rating measure of the restorative quality of natural environments. Landscape and Urban Planning 64: 209-232   DOI   ScienceOn
20 Kaplan. R.(2001) The nature of the view from home: psychological benefits. Environment and Behavior 33: 507-542   DOI
21 Baloglu, S. and D. Brinberg(l997) Affective images of tourism destinations. Journal of Travel Research 35(4): 11-15   DOI
22 Ulrich, R. S.. R. F. Simons. B. D. Losito. E. Fiorito. M. A. Miles. and M. Zelson (1991) Stress recovery during exposure to natural and urban environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 11: 201-230   DOI
23 Lee. T. H. and J. L. Crompton(1992) Measuring novelty seeking in tourism. Annals of Tourism Research 19: 732-751   DOI   ScienceOn
24 Ulrich, R. S. and R. Parsons(1992) Influences of passive experiences with plants in individual well-being and health. In P. Relt. ed.. The Role of Horticulture in Human Wellbeing and Social Development. Portland: Timber Press. pp, 93-105
25 Van den Berg. A. E.. S. L. Koole, and N. Y. Vand der Wulf(2003) Environmental preference and restoration: (how) are they related? Journal of Environmental Psychology 23: 135-146   DOI   ScienceOn
26 Ulrich, R. S.(1979) Visual landscapes and psychological wellbeing. Landscape Research 4(1): 17-23
27 Beerli. A and J. D. Martin(2004) Factors influencing destination image. Annals of Tourism Research 31: 657-681   DOI   ScienceOn
28 이영경(2004) 자연 경관의 특질분석: 자연성에 대한 조경 전문가와 일반인의 평가를 중심으로. 한국조경학회지 31(6) : 1-14
29 Hull, R. B. and S. E. Michael(1995) Nature-based recreation, mood change, and stress restoration. Leisure Science 17 : 1-14   DOI
30 Ulrich, R. S,(1981) Natural versus urban scenes: some psychophysiological effects. Environment and Behavior 13: 523-556   DOI   ScienceOn
31 Staats. H.. A. Kieviet. and T. Hartig(2003) Where to recover from attentional fatigue: an expectancy-value analysis of environmental preference. Journal of Environmental Psychology 23: 147-157   DOI   ScienceOn
32 Baloglu, S. and K. W. McCleary(1999) A model of destina- tion image formation. Annals of Tourism Research 26(4): 868-897   DOI   ScienceOn
33 Laumann, K.. T. Garling. and M. S. Kjell(2001) Rating scale measures of restorative components of environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 21: 31-44   DOI   ScienceOn
34 Herzog. T. and P. J. Bosley(1992) Tranquility and preference as affective qualities of natural environments. Journal of Environmental Psychology 12: 115-127   DOI