• Korean Journal of Plant Resources
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.489-497
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• 2018

In Korea, common and Tartary buckwheat are cultivated mainly in spring and fall, however the available buckwheat varieties are still very limited. In this study, we have evaluated buckwheat germplasm for agronomic traits and compared flavonoids contents in different cultivation period and collection area. In common buckwheat, the number of days from sowing to flowering was 40 and 31 days and from sowing to maturity took 90 and 69 days in spring and fall cultivation, respectively. The number of nodes and branches were higher in spring cultivation while the hundred seed weight was higher in fall cultivation. The average flavonoids contents in common buckwheat were 0.20 mg/g dry weight (DW) and 0.40 mg/g DW in spring and fall cultivation, respectively. The highest flavonoids content was detected in Jeonnam accessions with 0.29 mg/g DW and 0.43 mg/g DW during spring and fall cultivation, respectively. The flavonoids contents were varied from 1.5 to 2.5 times according to the collection area. These results suggest that the agronomic traits and flavonoids contents were vary depending on the cultivation environment and germplasm collection area. Therefore, it is necessary to select the material by considering the characteristics of the germplasm for breeding of new varieties.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.200-205
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• 2016

This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects that the difference of planting time by a method of cultivation in the non-heated greenhouse and the open field with spring planting had on growth and yield. With regard to the tested variety of Momordica charantia, variety 'Dragon' (Japan Yae 農藝) was selected. And 3 treatments on March 20, April 5 and April 20 for the greenhouse cultivation and 3 treatments on April 20, May 5 and May 20 for the open-field cultivation 1 month later than those for the greenhouse cultivation were planted by the randomized complete block design, and 4 secondary vines were trained. In the results of examining 15-day average atmospheric temperature after planting according to the methods of greenhouse and open-field cultivation and planting time, it was shown that there was a tendency for atmospheric temperature inside the greenhouse to decrease as the planting time was moved up. In particular, the average atmospheric temperature was $16.7^{\circ}C$ when seedling was planted on April 20 in the open-field cultivation, which was approximately equal to $17.0^{\circ}C$ of the average atmospheric temperature when a seedling was planted on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation. With regard to the date of first harvest by the method of cultivation, it was shown that there was a tendency for the date of first harvest to be earlier in the greenhouse cultivation than in the open-field cultivation, and the date of first harvest was moved up as a seedling was planted earlier for the planting period. The number and weight of harvested fruits per plant showed a tendency which was almost similar to that of total number of harvest days and number of harvests. Thus, the number of fruits was 189 and the weight of fruits was 31,649g in case of the greenhouse cultivation and planting on March 20, which were maximum. In case of planting on the latest planting date : May 20 in the open-field cultivation, the number of fruits was 77 and the weight of fruits was 12,502g, which were at a level of 40% of those of planting on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation 2 months earlier. The total yield per 10a was 10,228kg in the greenhouse cultivation and was 2.2 times as heavy as 4,607kg in the open-field cultivation with regard to the method of cultivation. For the planting period in the greenhouse cultivation, it was 10,539kg and 10,517kg in planting on March 20 and April 5, which was higher by 9% than 9,629kg in planting on April 20. And in the open-field cultivation, it was 4,785kg in planting on April 20 and 4,872kg in planting on May 5, which was higher by 15~17% than 4,163kg in planting on May 20. Taking the above results into account, it is considered proper to plant Momordica charantia from March 20 to April 5 for the greenhouse cultivation and from April 20 to May 5 or thereabouts when a risk of late frost is gone for the open-field cultivation in southern area.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.60 no.1
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• pp.91-96
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• 2015

Stable production of green manure crop is one of the critical factor for successful implementation of environmental-friendly agriculture in South Korea. Most green manure crops including hairy vetch cultivated in South Korea must be passed cold winter season. This study was conducted to establishment of cultivation zones on green manure crops under paddy field in South Korea using on minimum temperature and drainage class. In order to build the spatial distribution map, hairy vetch, triticale, barley, rye, and clover as green manure crop were selected and mean of daily minimum temperature and drainage class in paddy field were considered as limiting factor for stable growth of green manure crop. And cultivation zone on green manure crops was divided into two categories; 'Availability area' and 'Safety area'. Low limit temperature on green manure crops in this study was the following. Temperature on 'Availability area' was $-10^{\circ}C$, $-8^{\circ}C$, $-6^{\circ}C$, and $-20^{\circ}C$ for hairy vetch (including triticale), barley, clover, and rye respectively. And temperature on 'Safety area' was lower $-2^{\circ}C$ compared to that of 'Availability area' exception rye which was the same degree. Rye was expected to safely cultivated the almost whole paddy field (99.71%) of South Korea. 'Safety area' among the whole paddy field for hairy vetch, barley, and clover were 86.58, 53.06, and 15.76% respectively. The spatial distribution map of green manure crops reestablished in this study could be used the policy and agricultural management for environmental-friendly agriculture using green manure crops in South Korea.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.267-267
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• 2017

In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.06a
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• pp.280-280
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• 2017

In Korea, the average air temperature has been elevated twice faster than the average global warming. And the climate warming is characterized by the smaller rise of air temperature in summer and the greater rise of air temperature in spring and winter. Therefore, the number of frost-free days to determine the cultivation ability of crops has increased by more than 15 days in 10 years according to climate warming. This climate warming trend has extended and is projected to extend not only the sweet potato growing season but also the sweet potato early cultivating area to higher altitude and latitude region. This study was carried out to evaluate the possibility of sweet potato double cropping in the southern island area of Korea by assessing the growth and yield performance of sweet potato cultivated at extremely-early and -late time. We had performed at Yokji Island Yokji Island($E128^{\circ}$ 18' $N34^{\circ}$ 36'), a representative specified complex area of sweet potato cultivation in southern Korea. As the test varieties, the major cultivars of the this region, Shinyulmi and early hypertrophic cultivars, Dahomi were used. The prior cropping were planted with PE film mulching on March 30 and April 10, and harvested after 110 days. So the succeeding cropping were planted without PE film mulching on July 25 and August 5 according to the harvesting time of the prior sweet potato and harvested after 120 days. As a control, it was harvested on September 15, 120 days after planted on May 15. Each experimental plot had an area of 12 square meters consisting of 4 beds, and was planted one at a time at intervals of 25cm. We had investigated growth characteristics - main vine length, node number, branch number, total vine yield, and tuberous root characteristics - tuberous root number, average weight, starch value, and etc. After harvesting, we analyzed the economic effects by examining the postharvest quantity, the input labor, the management cost, and the income. The total yield of marketable products in prior and succeeding cropping was 46~70% higher than that of control. The average unit price of sweet potato was 36% higher than the conventional culture, and the gross income increased by 98%, but the operating cost increased by 83%, and the farm income increased by 103%. There are considerations such as the difficulty of enlargement of cultivation area due to lack of labor in limited space and the need for watering measures due to spring drought. However, if the area of application for sweet potatoes double system is increased by 10%, it can be used as a new cropping system.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.85-92
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• 1969

The goal for the improvement of rice culture in our country is to increase the rice yield per unit area, and that thoroughly, to equalize the rice yield per unit are highly by adaptation of high technique, while on the side of the efficiency, to increase the productivity of the labour through the cooperative work. And then, the theory for execution of the cooperative rice culture which is the productive system embodying the goal above and the expected effects as well as the future prospect for the development of the cooperative rice culture must be studied and defined. The results studied up to now are summarized as follows: 1. The cooperative rice culture is one of the most effective ways to execute highly efficient farm management and to supply the technical details on the cultivation for equalized high yield per unit area in the rice cultivating districts. 2. For the most effective accomplishment of the cooperative rice culture, the water control, and soil and variety of rice must be investigated in advance an then the basic technical details for the rice culture must be defined. 3. The rice cultivation calender is drawn up with the main technical details of rice culture by the mutual agreement of all farmers belong to the cooperative farm. All technical details for the rice cultivation in the cooperative farm are standardized by the rice cultivation calendar and the main technical operations should be worked together and the other operations executed individually. 4. The technique for rice cultivation, which was difficult to be introduced in the individual farm management, could be introduced easily to the cooperative rice culture, and the rice yield of the cooperative farm was increased 23.3% compared to that of common farm in 1968. 5. At present, the type of the cooperative rice culture is a primary type of the agreement for farm management, rarely including the associated operation type and the contracted operation type for a part of operation, However, for stabilized high yield through the mechanization of the cultivation system, the cooperative farm must be developed for a course promoting the associated operation type including the technique trust type and the contracted operation type according to the condition of location.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.253-265
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• 2021

In this study, crop cultivation filed was extracted by using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) imagery and deep learning models to overcome the limitations of satellite imagery and to contribute to the technological development of understanding the status of crop cultivation field. The study area was set around Chungbuk Goesan-gun Gammul-myeon Yidam-li and orthogonal images of the area were acquired by using UAV images. In addition, study data for deep learning models was collected by using Farm Map that modified by fieldwork. The Attention U-Net was used as a deep learning model to extract feature of UAV in this study. After the model learning process, the performance evaluation of the model for corn cultivation extraction was performed using non-learning data. We present the model's performance using precision, recall, and F1-score; the metrics show 0.94, 0.96, and 0.92, respectively. This study proved that the method is an effective methodology of extracting corn cultivation field, also presented the potential applicability for other crops.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2017.10a
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• pp.186-186
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• 2017

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Crop Science Conference
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• 2022.04a
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• pp.18-18
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• 2022

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.135-139
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• 1997

Vegetation indices were analyzed from the LANDSAT images of Yeoju, Kwangju and Yangpyong Gun of Kyunggi Province, obtained on September 22, 1983 and September 12, 1994, to evaluate the changes in landuses. It was found that there were notable changes in the landuses in the observed area over 11 years. Particularly, in Choweol Myun of Kwanju Gun, in Yangpyong Eup of Yangpyong Gun, and in Heungcheon Myun of Yeoju Gun, decrease in the area under vegetatin was most remarkable. These changes in the area under vegetatin are considered as the results of the construction of highways and the expansion of urban areas. The LANDSAT images overestimated the area under rice cultivation, when compared to the official statistic year book. However, it was found that the areas of the land under rice cultivation estimated by LANDSAT images for each Myun were close enough to those from the official statistics suggesting that the LANDSAT images can be used for the estimation of landuse status.