Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.12791/KSBEC.2016.25.3.200

Effects of Cutivation Method and Planting Date in Growth and Yield of Momordica charantia L. in Spring Season  

Son, Dong-Mo (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
Kim, Seong-Jun (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
Kim, Hyo-Joong (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
Kim, Hee-Gon (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
Yun, Bong-Ki (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
Jung, Jong-Mo (Jeonnam Agricultural Research & Extension Service)
Lee, Jeong-hyun (Department of Horticulture, Chonnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Bio-Environment Control / v.25, no.3, 2016 , pp. 200-205 More about this Journal
Abstract
This study was conducted in order to investigate the effects that the difference of planting time by a method of cultivation in the non-heated greenhouse and the open field with spring planting had on growth and yield. With regard to the tested variety of Momordica charantia, variety 'Dragon' (Japan Yae 農藝) was selected. And 3 treatments on March 20, April 5 and April 20 for the greenhouse cultivation and 3 treatments on April 20, May 5 and May 20 for the open-field cultivation 1 month later than those for the greenhouse cultivation were planted by the randomized complete block design, and 4 secondary vines were trained. In the results of examining 15-day average atmospheric temperature after planting according to the methods of greenhouse and open-field cultivation and planting time, it was shown that there was a tendency for atmospheric temperature inside the greenhouse to decrease as the planting time was moved up. In particular, the average atmospheric temperature was $16.7^{\circ}C$ when seedling was planted on April 20 in the open-field cultivation, which was approximately equal to $17.0^{\circ}C$ of the average atmospheric temperature when a seedling was planted on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation. With regard to the date of first harvest by the method of cultivation, it was shown that there was a tendency for the date of first harvest to be earlier in the greenhouse cultivation than in the open-field cultivation, and the date of first harvest was moved up as a seedling was planted earlier for the planting period. The number and weight of harvested fruits per plant showed a tendency which was almost similar to that of total number of harvest days and number of harvests. Thus, the number of fruits was 189 and the weight of fruits was 31,649g in case of the greenhouse cultivation and planting on March 20, which were maximum. In case of planting on the latest planting date : May 20 in the open-field cultivation, the number of fruits was 77 and the weight of fruits was 12,502g, which were at a level of 40% of those of planting on March 20 in the greenhouse cultivation 2 months earlier. The total yield per 10a was 10,228kg in the greenhouse cultivation and was 2.2 times as heavy as 4,607kg in the open-field cultivation with regard to the method of cultivation. For the planting period in the greenhouse cultivation, it was 10,539kg and 10,517kg in planting on March 20 and April 5, which was higher by 9% than 9,629kg in planting on April 20. And in the open-field cultivation, it was 4,785kg in planting on April 20 and 4,872kg in planting on May 5, which was higher by 15~17% than 4,163kg in planting on May 20. Taking the above results into account, it is considered proper to plant Momordica charantia from March 20 to April 5 for the greenhouse cultivation and from April 20 to May 5 or thereabouts when a risk of late frost is gone for the open-field cultivation in southern area.
Keywords
temperature; open field; greenhouse; yield;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 5  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Fonseka, H.H., Chandrasekara, A., Fonseka, R.M, and Wickramasinghe, P. 2007 Determination of anti-amylase and antiglucosidase activity of different genotypes of Bitter gourd(Momordica charantia L.) and Thumba Karavila(Momordica dioica L). Acta Hort. 752:131-136.
2 Kim, S.Y., Son, J.E., Lee, I.B. and Oh, M.M. 2014. Consumers' purchasing patterns and preferences for subtropical vegetables in Korea. Acta Hort. 687-693.
3 Kim, M.W. 2013. Effect of bitter melon on plasma blood glucos and cholesterol levels in streptozotocin induced diabetic rats. J. East Asian Soc. Dietary Life 23:704-712.
4 Kim, S.Y., Choi, S.W., Kim, Y.S., Jeon, S.K, and Seong, K.C. 2013. Production, marketing and domestic foreigner's consumption patterns of subtropical vegetables. The Journal of Korean Food Marketing Association. 30:29-54.
5 Kim, J.C., Seo, J.T, and Kim, J.D. 1995. Effect of the transplanting date under different location on fleshy root productivity in yacon(Polymina sonchifolia POEPP). Korea Soc. Int. Agric. 7:59-64.
6 Lee, H.J., Moon, J.H., Lee, W.M., Lee, S.G., Kim, A.K., Woo, Y.H, and Park, D.K. 2012. Charantin contents and fruit characteristics of bitter gourd(Momordica charantia L.) accession. J. Bio-Env. Con. 21:379-384   DOI
7 Lee, H.J., Kim, A.K., Oh, M.M., Lee, S.G., Choi, W.B. and Choi, H.S. 2013. Selection of bitter gourd germplasm for improvement anti-diabetic compound contents. Korean J. Breed. Sci. 45:332-338   DOI
8 Moon, D.K., Cho, K.M., Kim, C.H., Seong, K.C., Son, D., Cho, M.H., Yu, I.H., Ryu, H.R, and Cho, I.W. 2014. Content of vitamin C and physiological properties of bitter gourd cultivars in plastic greenhouse. Acta Hort. 407-412.
9 Moon, S.L, and Choi, S.H. 2014. Characteristics of cookies quality containing bitter melon(Momordica charantia L.) powder. The Korean Journal of Culinary Research. 20:80-90.
10 Peil, R.M, and Lopez-Galvez, J. 2001. Fruit growth and biomass allocation to the fruits in cucumber: effect of plant density and arrangement. Acta Hort. 75-80.
11 Puspawati, N.M. 2008 Isolation and identification momordicine I from leaves extract of Momordica charantia L. J. Kimia 2:5356.
12 Park, Y., Boo, H.O., Park, Y.L., Cho, D.H, and Lee, H.H. 2007. Antioxidant activity of Momordica charantia L. extracts. Kor. J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 15:56-61.
13 Rural development administration. 2001. standard manual of cucumber cutivation in greenhouse. 99-109.
14 Sitasawad, S.L., Shewade, Y., Bhonde, R. 2000. Role of bitter gourd fruit juice in stz-induced diabetic state in vivo and in vitro. Journal of Ethnopharmacology. 73:71-79.   DOI
15 Seong, K.C,, Kim, C.H., Lee, J.S., Eum, Y.C. and Kang, K.H. 2008. Selection of artichoke for non-heated cultivation in Jeju island. J. Bio-Env. Con. 17:293-296.
16 Tsang, S.F., Yi, L.Y., Jong, H.H. and Hsue, Y.H. 2008. The anti-virus and anti-tumer effect of Momordica charantia on HepG2 and HepG2.2.15 cells. The symposium on bitter gourd industry and health effectiveness. Taiwan. 167-176.
17 Uhm, M.J., Kwan, S.W. and Song, Y.J. 2014. Influences of tunnel covering materials and seeding dates on the growth and productivity of water spinach(Ipomoea aquatic F.) under unheated greenhouse. Protected Horticulture and Plant Factory 23:349-355.   DOI
18 Yanive, Z, and Bachrach, U. 2005. Handbook of Medicinal Plants. The Haworth Press, USA. 385-386.
19 Ali, L., Azad., Khan, A.K., Munun, M.I.R., Mosihuzzaman, M., Nurealam, M, and Rokeya, B. 1993 Studies on hypoglycemic effects of fruit pulp, seed and whole plant of Momordica charantia on normal and diabetic model rats. Planta Med. 59:408-412.   DOI
20 Ahn, Y.K., Seong, K.C. and Kim, C.H. 2012. Effect of different sowing time on the yield and plant growth for okra(Abelmoschus esculentus L. Moench) production. J. Bio-Env. Con. 21:267-270.
21 An, S.H. 2014. Quality characteristics of muffin added with bitter melon(Momordica charantia L.) powder. Korean J. Food Cook. Sci. 30:499-508.   DOI
22 Begum, S., Amed, S., Siddique, B.S., Khan, A., Safy, Z.S, and Arif, M. 1997. Triterpenes, a sterol and a monocyclic alchol from Momordica charantia. Phytochem. 44:1313-1320   DOI
23 Bohme, M, and Pinker I. 2007. Investigation regarding the potential for cultivation of indigenous vegetables in Southeast Asia. Acta Hort. 752:179-185.