• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cu intakes

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The Supplementation of Yam Powder Products Can Give the Nutritional Benefits of the Antioxidant Mineral (Cu, Zn, Mn, Fe and Se) Intakes

  • Shin, Mee-Young;Cho, Young-Eun;Park, Chana;Sohn, Ho-Yong;Lim, Jae-Hwan;Kwun, In-Sook
    • Preventive Nutrition and Food Science
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    • v.17 no.4
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    • pp.299-305
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    • 2012
  • Yam has been recognized having the beneficial effects for the prevention of various diseases, such as cancer, immunity, infection and obesity etc. There is increasing consideration to supplement the antioxidant nutrients to make up the lack of the antioxidant nutrient intakes. No study has been reported for the analysis of antioxidant mineral contents and comparison to dietary recommended intake for the sense of health promotion. In our study, we analyzed the contents of antioxidant trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents in cultivated Korean yam powders for evaluation of nutrient intake aspects. We collected the commercial yam powders from six different cultivated areas in the South Korea and measured antioxidant minerals (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu and Se) and Cr contents using trace element-free plasma spectrometer (ICP) or atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS) after dry-ashing and then wet-acid digestion. The accuracy of mineral analysis method was confirmed by the mineral analysis of standard reference material. Each analyzed element contents in yam were compared to dietary reference intakes of Koreans (KDRIs). The average levels of trace elements (Zn, Mn, Fe, Cu, Se and Cr) in yam powders were 18.3, 11.9, 36.0, 3.7, 1.9 and 1.27 ${\mu}g/g$ yam powder, respectively. The intakes of Zn, Fe, Cu and Se of which KDRIs is determined, are accounted as being up to 23.8%, 55.6%, 32.5% and 236% recommended intake (RI) of KDRIs, if daily yam supplementation (50 g) of commercial instruction would be considered. The intake of Mn is about 25% adequate intake (AI) of KDRIs with the daily supplementation of yam powder. Most of mineral intakes from daily yam supplementation were with the range of non-detectable to <10% upper limit (UL) level, which is very much safe. The study results show that daily supplementation of Korean yam power is beneficial to provide the supplemental nutrient intake and also is safe, if the suggested dosage would be considered.

Macronutrient, Mineral and Vitamin Intakes in Elderly People in Rural Area of North Kyungpook Province in South Korea (경북 농촌지역 60세 이상 성인 및 노인의 열량영양소 및 무기질, 비타민 섭취조사)

  • 곽은희;이수림;윤진숙;이혜상;권정숙;권인숙
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.36 no.10
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    • pp.1052-1060
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    • 2003
  • Poor dietary habits and inadequate nutrient intakes are of concern in the elderly, even it is worse in rural areas. In the present study, we conducted the anthropometric measurement and the dietary intakes including macronutrients, minerals and vitamins to assess the nutrient intakes and nutritional risk in elderly people in rural kyungpook province in South Korea. Subjects (n = 168, mean age, 67.3 yrs) were interviewed using d general questionnaire and 3 days of 24-hours recall for dietary intake. Nutrient intakes were analyzed using CAN-pro soft program and compared to Korean RDA and nutrition reference values (NRV). The anthropometric measurement showed that the weight and the height of the subjects in the rural area were below the average of the same age of Korean elderly people. The energy and protein intakes were 85% and 90% of Korean RDA, respectively. The intakes of lipid, cholesterol and dietary fiber were 62%, 40% and 22% of NRV for Korean adults. Main sources for protein and lipid intakes came from the vegetable sources and this pattern was more prominent in female elderly people. Ca intake was half of Korean RDA (56%), while P intake was 132% of Korean RDA. For the antioxidant trace mineral (Fe, Cu, Mn, Zn, and Se) intakes, Fe and Zn intakes were 78% and > 103% of Korean RDA. Cu, Mn and Se intakes were > 113%, > 275%, and > 185% of Korean NRV. Thiamin, niacin and vitamin C intakes were above Korean RDA, but the intakes of vitamin A and riboflavin were 88% and 63% of Korean RDA, respectively. On summarizing the results of the present study, the elderly people in rural area consume less lipid, cholesterol, Ca, and dietary fiber. Ca intake is lower, while P intake is higher, and this would be the potential risk for bone health. Also, Na intake was high, which can be the potential risk for the cardiovascular disease prevailance. Vitamin intakes were fairly good status, excepting riboflavin. Antioxidant mineral intakes were much higher than Korean NRV, unexpectedly. The results suggest that the elderly people in rural area have inadequate intakes of protein, lipid, dietary fiber and Ca, which mainly should be supplied from animal products. Recommendations to increase diet variety would be emphasized for this nutritionally poor-conditioned subjects, specially including animal food products and high dietary fiber food.

Mineral Content and Nutritional Evaluation of Fishes from the Korean Coast (한국 연안산 어류의 미네랄 함량 및 영양평가)

  • Mok, Jong-Soo;Lee, Doo-Seog;Yoon, Ho-Dong
    • Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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    • v.41 no.5
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    • pp.315-323
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    • 2008
  • To measure the mineral content of fishes, we collected 177 individuals from 53 fish species from the east (Pohang), west (Gunsan), and south (Tongyeong) coasts of Korea. The mean content of the macro mineral in a 100 g sample taken from the edible portion of each fish was (in descending order): P(207.4 mg), K(169.7 mg), Na(101.6 mg), Ca(44.4 mg), and Mg(30.4 mg). In comparison, the mean content of micro mineral in the fishes was (in descending order): Zn ($8.98{\mu}g/g$), Fe ($5.03{\mu}g/g$), Cu ($0.76{\mu}g/g$), Mn ($0.43{\mu}g/g$), and Ni ($0.08{\mu}g/g$). We could not observe clear regional variation in the mineral content of fish species. With regard to minerals considered essential for humans, the amount of Ca per sample (100 g) was the highest in the Scyliorhinus torazame (465.4 mg), and than followed by Ammodytes personatus (338.0 mg), Dasyatis akajei (267.4 mg), Raja kenojei (248.1 mg), Conger myriaster (174.1 mg), Clupanodon punctatus (86.8 mg), Muraenesox cinereus (81.2 mg), and Engraulis japonica (70.4 mg). The daily average intake of the mineral through the fishes consisted of P (100.6 mg), K (82.3 mg), Na (49.3 mg), Mg (14.8 mg), Zn (0.44 mg), Fe (0.24 mg), Cu (0.04 mg) and Mn (0.02 mg). The respective intakes of macro mineral (P, Mg, Na, Ca, K) from the fishes were about 14.4, 4.2, 3.3, 3.1 and 1.8% of the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) set by the Korean Nutrition Society. In comparison, the respective intakes of micro mineral (Cu, Zn, Fe, Mn) from the fishes were about 4.6, 4.4, 2.4, and 0.6% of the KDRIs.

Dietary Intakes, Serum Concentrations, and Urinary Excretions of Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, and Cr of Korean Young Adult Women (일부 젊은 성인여자의 Fe, Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo 및 Cr의 식사섭취, 혈청농도 및 소변배설)

  • Kim, Kyune-Hee;Lim, Hyeon-Sook
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • v.39 no.8
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    • pp.762-772
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    • 2006
  • This study was conducted to investigate dietary intakes, serum concentrations, and urinary excretions of iron (Fe), zinc (Zn), copper (Cu), manganese (Mn), selenium (Se), molybdenum (Mo), and chromium (Cr) of Korean young adult women. A total of 19 apparently healthy young adult women aged in their twenties or thirties participated voluntarily. One-tenth of all foods they consumed for 3 consecutive days were collected, all urine excreted for the same 3 days was gathered, and fasting venous blood was withdrawn for the trace mineral analyses. Of the food, blood, and urine samples, the contents of Zn, Cu, Mn, Se, Mo, and Cr were analyzed by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS) and that of Fe by inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) after wet digestion. The intake of Fe, $6.94{\pm}2.18mg$, did not meet the estimated average requirement (EAR) for Korean women aged 20-29 years old. On the contrary, the intakes of Zn ($9.35{\pm}4.95mg$), Cu ($1.18{\pm}0.26mg$), and Mn ($3.69{\pm}0.69mg$) were sufficient for each respective EAR. However, some of the subjects did not take the EAR for Zn. The Se intake, $41.93{\pm}9.28{\mu}g$, however, was almost similar to the EAR for Se. Although there are no references for Mo and Cr, the intakes of these minerals ($134.0{\pm}49.1\;and\;136.5{\pm}147.9{\mu}g$, respectively) seemed to be excessively sufficient. Serum Fe concentration, $88.7{\pm}36.8{\mu}g/dL$, seemed to be a little bit lower than its reference median but within its normal range. Approximately one-fourth of the subjects were in anemic determined by Hb and Hct and below the deficiency serum level of Fe, $60{\mu}g/dL$. In addition, serum Se concentration, $3.73{\pm}0.60{\mu}g/dL$, was also below its reference median and normal range. However, serum concentrations of Zn ($99.6{\pm}30.6{\mu}g/dL$) and Mo ($0.25{\pm}0.10{\mu}g/dL$) were fairly good compared to each reference median. The status of Cu could be determined as good although its serum concentration ($91.6{\pm}14.6{\mu}g/dL$) was slightly below its reference median. Since there are no decisive reference values, it was not easy to evaluate serum concentrations of Mn ($0.93{\pm}0.85{\mu}g/dL$) and Cr ($8.60{\pm}7.25{\mu}g/dL$). But Mn and Cr status seemed to be adequate. Urinary Fe excretion, $4.48{\pm}1.98{\mu}g/dL$, was pretty much lower than its reference and that of Se, $2.45{\pm}1.17{\mu}g/dL$, was also lower than its average. On the other hand, those of Zn ($42.95{\pm}20.47{\mu}g/dL$) and Cu ($5.68{\pm}1.50{\mu}g/dL$) were flirty good. In case of Mn, urinary excretion, $0.31{\pm}0.09{\mu}g/dL$, was much greater than its reference. Urinary excretions of Mo ($7.48{\pm}2.95{\mu}g/dL$) and Cr ($1.37{\pm}0.41{\mu}g/dL$) were very higher compared to each reference. The results of this study revealed that Korean young adult women were considerably poor in Fe status, a bit inadequate in Se status, partly inadequate in Zn status, and flirty good in Cu, Mn, Mo and Cr status. However, there was a problem of excessive intakes of Mo and Cr. It, therefore, should be concerned to increase the intakes of Fe, Se and Zn but to decrease Mo and Cr consumption for young adult women.

Mytilus Galloprovincialis and Metal Contaminants: Health Risk Assessment from Sinop Coasts

  • BAT, Levent;OZTEKIN, Aysah;ARICI, Elif;SAHIN, Fatih
    • The Korean Journal of Food & Health Convergence
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    • v.7 no.4
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    • pp.13-21
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    • 2021
  • The goal of this study was to quantify the content of heavy metals (Zn, Cu, Cd, Pb, Hg) in the bivalve Mytilus galloprovincialis, which was obtained from the Black Sea's Sinop peninsula, as well as estimate the health risks. Concentrations of heavy metals in mussels' soft tissues ranged between 16.4-21.8, 0.52-0.93, 0.13-0.45; 0.015-0.019 and 0.006-0.011mg kg-1 wet weight for Zn, Cu, Pb, Hg and Cd, respectively. In general, metal concentrations in mussels were quite low. In mussels, Zn was the most prevalent element, followed by Cu. Regarding the monthly variation, although relatively higher tissue metal concentrations were observed in August compared to July, no statistical difference was found. The estimated daily intakes did not exceed the tolerable intakes. There was no health risk since the total hazard index was far below critical value 1. This demonstrates that eating mussels from the Sinop coasts in 2019 does not cause any health risks in infants, children, or adult. Mussels have a risk index of less than 10-6, which is considered insignificant. In conclusion, the results of this study show that there is no heavy metal pollution in the mussels collected from Sinop coasts.

Heavy Metal Contents and Food Safety Assessment of Processed Seaweeds and Cultured Lavers (국내 가공 해조류와 미가공 김의 중금속 함량 및 식품 안전성평가)

  • Yang, Won Ho;Lee, Hyo Jin;Lee, Sang Yong;Kim, Seong Gil;Kim, Gi Beum
    • Journal of the Korean Society for Marine Environment & Energy
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    • v.19 no.3
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    • pp.203-210
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    • 2016
  • In this study, nine heavy metals were analyzed in seaweeds collected from market and laver culture farm of Korea and a food safety assessment were also carried out for these heavy metals. The level of heavy metal concentrations in seaweeds was in the following order: Fe>As>Zn>Cu>Cd>Pb>Cr>Ni>Hg. Except for zinc and cadmium, seven heavy metals were significantly higher in cultured laver than in processed laver. Significant correlation was observed Cr-Fe in cultured laver and Cu-Zn, Cd-Cu, Cd-Zn and Pb-Ni in processed laver and Cu-Cr, Cu-Zn, Cd-Cr and Ni-Fe in sea tangle and Zn-Fe, Cr-Fe, Cr-Zn, Cd-Ni, Cu-Cd and Cu-Pb in processed sea mustard. Considering differences in heavy metal concentration between processed laver and cultured laver and in correlation among heavy metals, removal efficiency of heavy metals may be attributed to seaweed treatment process. The average weekly intakes of Cu, Cd, Zn, Fe and Hg via seaweeds consumption were about 0.1~7.6% of PTWI (Provisional Tolerable Weekly Intakes). Therefore, it was found that heavy metals in the seaweeds were very safe for consumption.

Nutritional Assessment and Mineral Content of Wild and Cultured Catfish Silurus asotus (자연산 및 양식산 메기의 미네랄 함량 및 영양평가)

  • GYE, Hyeon-Jin;SHIM, Kil-Bo;LIM, Chi-Won;SONG, Mi-Young;KIM, Dae-Hee;KIM, Bo-Kyoung;CHO, Young-Je
    • Journal of Fisheries and Marine Sciences Education
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    • v.27 no.5
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    • pp.1364-1368
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    • 2015
  • This study was performed to evaluate mineral contents of catfish Silurus asotus. As a result of mineral content, the mean content of the macro mineral was (in descending order): K (310.36-412.66 mg/100 g), P (186.42-223.02 mg/100 g), Na (35.32-57.87 mg/100 g), Mg (22.88-31.87 mg/100 g), Ca (9.05-13.07 mg/100 g). In comparison, the mean content of the micro mineral was (in descending order): Fe (0.26-0.95 mg/100 g), Zn (0.26-1.02 mg/100 g), Cu (ND-0.08 mg/100 g), Mn (0.01-0.03 mg/100 g). A proportion of mineral intakes with the dietary reference intakes for Koreans (KDRIs) set by the Korean Nutrition Society. Nutrient uptake proportion of mineral intakes was (in descending order): P (62.16%), K (20.71%), Mg (16.82%), Fe (13.02%), Zn (11.38%) Cu (10.94%), Na (6.59%), Ca (3.09%), Mn (0.96%). The mineral content was compared with the major protein food sources according to the Korea Health Statistics (2013) such as polished rice, pork, chicken, beef, eggs and milk. The calcium content contains; lower level of milk and eggs, chicken whereas higher levels of rice, pork and beef. Catfish has less iron content than major protein food source. Phosphorus and potassium contain higher level of major protein food sources.

Contents of Heavy Metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu) and Risk Assessment in Commercial Cephalopods (유통 두족류의 중금속(Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu) 함량과 위해성 평가)

  • Kim, Su-Un;Hwang, Young-Ok;Park, Ae-Sook;Park, Young-Ae;Ham, Hee-Jin;Choi, Sung-Min;Kim, Jung-Hun
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.40 no.4
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    • pp.606-612
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    • 2011
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate certain heavy metals (Hg, Pb, Cd, Cu) in 144 samples of cephalopods, to identify weekly heavy metal intakes and to evaluate potential health risks. The average concentrations in the arm, expressed in mg/kg, were: Hg 0.017 (less than the limit of detection (LOD) to 0.059), Pb 0.024 (less than the LOD to 0.092), Cd 0.030 (less than the LOD to 0.627) and Cu 2.536 (less than the LOD to 5.837). The average concentration in the internal organs, expressed in mg/kg, were: Hg 0.063 (from 0.008 to 0.543), Pb 0.579 (less than the LOD to 2.344), Cd 15.200 (from 0.654 to 75.29) and Cu 201.706 (from 2.412 to 856.4). Heavy metal concentrations were higher in the organs than in the arm. Of the four heavy metals, the ratio of internal organs to arm was highest for cadmium. The weekly intakes of Hg, Pb, Cd and Cu from Octopus minor were 0.2%, 0.08%, 0.20% and 0.00%, respectively from the arm, and 1.0%, 0.96%, 92.28% and 0.05% from the internal organs as compared to PTWI (provisional tolerable weekly intakes) established by the FAO/WHO Expert Committee for Food Safety Evaluation.

A Study of Nutritional Intakes, Food Preference and Blood Composition in Female College Students with Premenstrual Syndrome (월경전증후군 여대생의 영양소 섭취량 및 식품선호도와 혈액성상 조사)

  • Kim, Ju-Youn;Ahn, Hong-Seok
    • Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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    • v.13 no.4
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    • pp.565-572
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    • 2008
  • This study was performed to investigate nutritional intakes and preference food and blood composition of female college students of premenstrual syndrome. Based on physical measurement test results, both groups showed no noticeable difference and both groups were within the normal range according to body composition analysis. In terms of nutrients consumption, results showed nutritional intakes more than EAR(estimated average requirements) included phosphorus>vitamin $B_6$>vitamin $B_1$, while nutritional intakes less than EAR were vitamin A>vitamin $B_6$>calcium>folic acid. A significant difference was observed for vitamin C intake(p<0.05). The overall mean values of basic blood(WBC, RBC, Hct, and Hb), sex hormone(Estrogen, Progesterone), aldosterone, cortisol, Cu, Zn, and Ca, Mg indices in female college students were within the normal range and there was no significant difference between the PMS group and the Normal group. In conclusion, vitamin C intake of the PMS group showed a level of 84.8% EAR. Therefore vitamin C supplement can be beneficial to relieve the PMS Syndrome.

The Study of Relation Among Serum Copper, Zic, Leptin and Lipids of Middl-school Girls (일부 사춘기 여중생의 혈청 구리, 아연함량과 혈청 렙틴 및 지질과의 관계)

  • 김미현;이윤신;이다홍;박혜순;승정자
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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    • v.30 no.3
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    • pp.540-546
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    • 2001
  • The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship among nutritional status of copper and zinc, serum leptin, and lipids of 99 middle school girls residing in kyunggi-do, Korea. Subjects were divided assigned to one of two groups such as normal (BMI<85 percentile, n=58) and obese (85$\leq$BMI, n=41) groups. Subjects were evaluated based on anthropometric measurements, 24-hr dietary recalls and blood analysis. The mean age was 13.93 years. The mean weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), body fat (p<0.001) of obese were significantly higher then those of normal group. The mean daily energy intake was 94.2% of RDA for Korean. The ratio of energy coming from carbohydrate, fat and protein was 63:24:13. The mean daily intakes of Cu and Zn were 1.4 mg and 7.4 mg (73.7% of RDA), and there were no significant difference between two groups. The mean serum levels of leptin (p<0.001), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05), triglyceride (p<0.01), TPH (total cholesterol/HDL; p<0.001), LPH (LDL/HDL; p<0.001) and AI (atherogenic index; p<0.001) of obese were significantly higher than those of normal group. The mean serum Cu level of obese was significantly higher than normal group but, the mean serum Zn level of obese was significantly lower than normal group. Serum Cu showed a significantly positive correlations with body weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), body fat (p<0.001), serum leptin, and LPH. However, serum Zn showed a significantly negative correlations with body weight (p<0.001), BMI (p<0.001), serum leptin (p<0.001), TPH (p<0.05), and AI (Atherogenic index; p<0.05). To summarize the results, the Zn intakes of middle school girls did not reach to RDA for Koreans. Also, increase of BMI may lead to decrease of serum zinc level and increase of serum copper level, and this change of serum zinc related to the change of serum leptin and serum lipids level in middle school girls during rapid growth.

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