• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.09a
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• pp.1383-1390
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• 2009

This study conducted a series of drained triaxial test in order to determine the critical state parameters of a high compressible Jeju sand. Jeju sand is classified into mixed sand containing both siliceous and calcareous materials and has high extreme void ratios due to the angularity of grains and the intra-particle voids of hollow particles. It is observed that the behavior of Jeju sand is similar to that of general calcareous sand. The friction angle of Jeju sand at critical state gradually decreases with increasing the mean effective stress. Test result shows that the particle crushing resulted from stress during shear causes the reduction of void ratio at critical state.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.125-132
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• 1999

Studies are being done to replace conventional refrigerants with alternatives that have low or no ozone depletion and greenhouse warming Potentials, yet possess appropriate pro perties for a refrigeration cycle. To achieve this goal, a consistent set of thermodynamic properties of the working fluid is required. A common problem with the possible alternative refrigerants is that sufficient experimental data do not exist, thus making it difficult to develp complete equations of state that can predict properties in all regions including the vapor-liquid equilibrium. One solution is the use of the generalized equation of state correlations that can predict thermodynamic properties with a minimum number of characteristic parameters. Characteristic parameters required for the generalized equation of state are, in general, critical temperature, critical pressure, critical volume and normal boiling temperature. In this study, estimation of these characteristic parameters of refrigerants by group contribution method is developed.

• Journal of the Korean Geotechnical Society
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• v.36 no.4
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• pp.5-15
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• 2020

This paper proposes a revised Modified Cam Clay type failure surface based on the critical state theory. In the plane of the mean effective and von Mises stresses, the original Modified Cam Clay model has an elliptic failure surface which leads the critical-state mean effective stress to be always half of the pre-consolidation mean effective stress without hardening and evolution rules. This feature does not agree with the real mechanical response of clay. In this study, the preconsolidation mean effective stress only reflects the consolidation history of the clay whereas the critical state mean effective stress only relies on the currenct void ratio of clay. Therefore, the proposed failure surface has a distorted elliptic shape without any fixed ratio between the preconsolidation and critical state mean effective stresses. Numerical simulations for various clays using failure surfaces as yield surface provide mechanical responses similar to the experimental data.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.46 no.3
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• pp.337-352
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• 2013

Seismic performance of critical facilities has been focused on the structural components over the past decade. However, most earthquake damages were observed to the nonstructural components during and after the earthquakes. The primary objective of this research was to develop the seismic fragility of the piping system incorporating the nonlinear Tee-joint finite element model in the full scale piping configuration installed in critical facilities. The procedure for evaluating fragility curves corresponding to the first damage state was considered the effects of the top floor acceleration sensitivities for 5, 10, 15, and 20 story linear RC and steel building systems subjected to 22 selected ground motions as a function of ground motion uncertainties. The result of this study revealed that the conditional probability of failure of the piping system on the top floor in critical facilities did not increase with increased level of story height and in fact, story level in buildings can tune the fragilities between the building and the piping system.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.52 no.11
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• pp.2638-2651
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• 2020

Nozzle corner cracks present at the intersection of reactor pressure vessels (RPVs) and inlet or outlet nozzles have been a persistent problem for a number of years. The fracture analysis of such nozzle corner cracks is very important and critical for the efficient design and assessment of the structural integrity of RPVs. This paper aims to perform an engineering critical assessment of RPVs with nozzle corner cracks subjected to several transients accompanied by pressurized thermal shocks. The critical crack size of the RPV model with nozzle corner cracks under transient loading is evaluated on failure assessment curve. In particular, the influence of cladding on the crack initiation of nozzle corner crack under thermal transients is studied. The influence of primary internal pressure and secondary thermal stress on the stress field at nozzle corner and SIF at crack front is analyzed. Finally, the influence of different crack size and crack shape on the final critical crack size is analyzed.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.315-318
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• 2009

Some particular bound state energies of an electron, under Coulomb potential field, confined in a two-dimensional circle and a three-dimensional sphere are analytically derived. The derivation shows that the electron cannot be bound in a negative energy state when the circle (or sphere) is smaller than a certain critical size. The critical size dependency on the strength of Coulomb potential and the angular momentum of the electron is also analytically derived. This system mimics quantum dots. Therefore the derivation provides new information on a minimum critical size of quantum dots with hydrogenic impurity.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.10
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• pp.1071-1080
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• 2020

This study aims to explore the critical success factors of the Water Public-Private Partnership (PPP) Projects in developing country with evidence from Indonesia. We all know that water is a basic need and therefore it becomes very important for the governments especially in the developing countries to develop and formulate a comprehensive water policy to deliver and manage the water services in the most appropriate manner as well tackle several challenges such as budget and project efficiency. In this context, PPP is a promising scheme to address the water problems, hence it becomes important to reveal the success factors of water PPP projects. An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) questionnaire built from delphi methods is used to capture the perception of the relevant stakeholders in relation to the success factors. The results of this study show the most critical success factors in PPP water projects is the support and acceptance of the stakeholders from the community, whereas the private and public entities are the the second and third important factors. These findings contribute to the success of the PPP stakeholders by enhancing the policy-making decision process and by executing the water policies to support the development of PPP in the Water Sector.

• 한국정보디스플레이학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.10a
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• pp.1459-1462
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• 2008

In this paper we describe solutions to address critical challenges in direct fabrication of amorphous silicon thin film transistor (TFTs) arrays for active matrix flexible displays. For all flexible substrates a manufacturable handling protocol in automated display-scale equipment is required. For metal foil substrates the principal challenges are planarization and electrical isolation, and management of stress (CTE mismatch) during TFT fabrication. For plastic substrates the principal challenge is dimensional instability management.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.24-34
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• 2022

In order to predict the cooling performance of a regenerative cooling channel using hydrocarbon fuel operating in the supercritical region, it is essential to predict the thermodynamic properties. In this study, a comparative analysis was performed on two-parameter equations of state (SRK(Soave-Redlich-Kwong), PR(Peng-Robinson) equations of state) and three-parameter equations of state (RK-PR equations of state) to appropriately predict density and specific heat according to the critical compressibility factor of polymer hydrocarbons. Representatively, n-dodecane fuel with low critical compressibility factor and JP-10 fuel with high critical compressibility factor were selected, and an appropriate equation of state was presented when predicting the thermodynamic properties of the two fuels. Finally, the prediction results of density and specific heat were compared and verified with NIST REFPROP data.

• Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society
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• v.59 no.4
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• pp.961-977
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• 2022

In this paper, we consider the following Kirchhoff type equation on the whole space $$\{-(a+b{\displaystyle\smashmargin{2}{\int\nolimits_{{\mathbb{R}}^3}}}\;{\mid}{\nabla}u{\mid}^2dx){\Delta}u=u^5+{\lambda}k(x)g(u),\;x{\in}{\mathbb{R}}^3,\\u{\in}{\mathcal{D}}^{1,2}({\mathbb{R}}^3),$$ where λ > 0 is a real number and k, g satisfy some conditions. We mainly investigate the existence of ground state solution via variational method and concentration-compactness principle.