• 제목/요약/키워드: Criminal incidents

검색결과 19건 처리시간 0.059초

방화범죄자에 대한 Criminal Profiling 적용 가능성 고찰 (A Study for the Criminal Profiling of Arsonists)

  • 김경옥
    • 한국화재조사학회논문지
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    • 제11권1호
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    • pp.23-30
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    • 2008
  • 범죄자 프로파일링은 최신 과학수사기법으로 외국에서는 물론 국내에서도 많은 관심을 받고 있는 분야이며, 이에 대한 연구가 최근 들어 경찰 실무에서 뿐만 아니라 사회과학자들에게서도 주목을 받고 있는 실정이다. 범죄자 프로파일링은 미국에서 1960년대 이후 급증한 연쇄살인 범죄에 대한 새로운 수사기법으로 개발된 분야로서, 연쇄살인 범죄자에 대해서는 비교적 다양한 연구가 수행된 반면 방화범죄자에 대해서는 국내 외의 연구가 매우 부족한 상황이다. 이에 본 논문에서는 외국에서 수행된 연구 및 방화범죄자의 유형 구분이 가능한가에 대한 외국의 연구 결과들을 검토하여 국내에서 방화범죄자의 프로파일링이 어떻게 이루어져야할 것인가에 대한 기초 연구를 제공하고자 한다.

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Janus - Multi Source Event Detection and Collection System for Effective Surveillance of Criminal Activity

  • Shahabi, Cyrus;Kim, Seon Ho;Nocera, Luciano;Constantinou, Giorgos;Lu, Ying;Cai, Yinghao;Medioni, Gerard;Nevatia, Ramakant;Banaei-Kashani, Farnoush
    • Journal of Information Processing Systems
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    • 제10권1호
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    • pp.1-22
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    • 2014
  • Recent technological advances provide the opportunity to use large amounts of multimedia data from a multitude of sensors with different modalities (e.g., video, text) for the detection and characterization of criminal activity. Their integration can compensate for sensor and modality deficiencies by using data from other available sensors and modalities. However, building such an integrated system at the scale of neighborhood and cities is challenging due to the large amount of data to be considered and the need to ensure a short response time to potential criminal activity. In this paper, we present a system that enables multi-modal data collection at scale and automates the detection of events of interest for the surveillance and reconnaissance of criminal activity. The proposed system showcases novel analytical tools that fuse multimedia data streams to automatically detect and identify specific criminal events and activities. More specifically, the system detects and analyzes series of incidents (an incident is an occurrence or artifact relevant to a criminal activity extracted from a single media stream) in the spatiotemporal domain to extract events (actual instances of criminal events) while cross-referencing multimodal media streams and incidents in time and space to provide a comprehensive view to a human operator while avoiding information overload. We present several case studies that demonstrate how the proposed system can provide law enforcement personnel with forensic and real time tools to identify and track potential criminal activity.

Evaluation of Physicians' Perception of Patient Safety Incidents Including Disclosure Utilizing Hypothetical Clinical Vignettes

  • Kim, Juyoung;Pyo, Jee-Hee;Choi, Eun-Young;Lee, Won;Jang, Seung-Gyeong;Ock, Min-Su;Lee, Sang-Il
    • 한국의료질향상학회지
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    • 제28권1호
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    • pp.34-44
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    • 2022
  • Purpose:We investigated physicians' responses to a series of clinical vignettes consisting of patient safety incidents, with and without disclosure of patient safety incidents (DPSI). Methods: An anonymous survey was conducted to investigate physicians' responses to the DPSI via online communities of physicians, and additional participants were recruited using a snowballing sampling method. We evaluated physicians' responses to the DPSI using eight hypothetical scenarios (HS) from the following perspectives: thoughts regarding medical errors, revisiting the physician, recommendation, lawsuit, criminal prosecution, trust score, and compensation amounts. We used the chi-square test to evaluate the overall differences in response rates among the scenarios. Statistical analyses were performed using the Student's t-test to compare the trust scores and compensation amounts. Results: A total of 910 physicians participated in this survey. An overall comparison of trust scores among HS showed that HS 1 (unclear medical errors, minor harm, and DPSI) had the highest trust score. In contrast, in the opposite scenario, HS 8 (clear medical errors, major harm, and DPSI not conducted) received the lowest scores. Cases with minor harm to patients (HS 1, 2, 5, and 6) showed lower compensation amounts than the others (HS 3, 4, 7, and 8). Physicians were more likely to think of situations with DPSI as not having medical errors (53.1% vs. 55.2%). In addition, the scenarios with DPSI were evaluated favorably in terms of intention to revisit, recommend, suit, and engage in criminal proceedings. Physicians showed higher trust scores (6.2 vs 5.4) and gave lower compensation amounts ($27.7 million vs $28.1 million), although there was no significant difference in terms of compensation amounts to the physician conducting DPSI. Conclusion: Our study showed overall positive perceptions regarding DPSI among Korean physicians.

Digital Forensic Investigation on Social Media Platforms: A Survey on Emerging Machine Learning Approaches

  • Abdullahi Aminu Kazaure;Aman Jantan;Mohd Najwadi Yusoff
    • Journal of Information Science Theory and Practice
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    • 제12권1호
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    • pp.39-59
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    • 2024
  • An online social network is a platform that is continuously expanding, which enables groups of people to share their views and communicate with one another using the Internet. The social relations among members of the public are significantly improved because of this gesture. Despite these advantages and opportunities, criminals are continuing to broaden their attempts to exploit people by making use of techniques and approaches designed to undermine and exploit their victims for criminal activities. The field of digital forensics, on the other hand, has made significant progress in reducing the impact of this risk. Even though most of these digital forensic investigation techniques are carried out manually, most of these methods are not usually appropriate for use with online social networks due to their complexity, growth in data volumes, and technical issues that are present in these environments. In both civil and criminal cases, including sexual harassment, intellectual property theft, cyberstalking, online terrorism, and cyberbullying, forensic investigations on social media platforms have become more crucial. This study explores the use of machine learning techniques for addressing criminal incidents on social media platforms, particularly during forensic investigations. In addition, it outlines some of the difficulties encountered by forensic investigators while investigating crimes on social networking sites.

보복범죄 관련 법제연구 (Legal System Reasearch Relating to Retaliatory Crime)

  • 강맹진
    • 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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    • 제15권4호
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    • pp.179-187
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    • 2015
  • 보복범죄로 인한 사회적 불안이 심화되고 있다. 최근인 2014년 12월 27일에도 충북 보은에서는 자신을 신고한 병원을 찾아가 11차례에 걸쳐 보복폭행 등을 자행한 피의자가 검거되는 사건이 있었다. 과거 병원측의 신고로 형사입건이 되어 수감생활을 했다는 이유였다. 이와 같은 사건은 우리 주변에서 자주 발생하는 편이다. 우리에게도 엄연히 관련 법 규정과 제도가 존재한다. 그럼에도 불구하고 유사한 현상이 반복되고 있다는 것은 이 부분의 형사사법시스템이 제 기능을 다하고 있는지 의문이 들게 한다. 미온적으로 대처하는 보복범죄는 사회안전망의 근간을 위협하고 많은 국민들에게 범죄로 인한 두려움을 주게 된다. 보복범죄가 발생하게 되면 대다수의 국민들은 경찰을 비롯한 형사사법활동에 대하여 의구심을 가지며 형사사법기관에 대하여도 불신을 갖게 되는 것이 일반적이다. 이는 국민들의 신고정신을 위축시키고 결국 범죄율의 증가와 갖가지 사회문제를 발생시킨다. 법적 제도적 통제장치가 엄연히 존재하고 있으면서도 보복범죄는 오히려 증가하는 추세이다. 본 연구는 국내 보복범죄 동향을 살펴보고 그에 다른 법적 제도적 대책을 논의하고자한다.

노인학대 관련 정책 개발을 위한 일 고찰 : 미국의 노인학대 관련법과 서비스 정책을 중심으로 (A Study of Developing the Policies Addressing the Elder Abuse : Focus on the Laws and Programs Addressing Elder Abuse in the United States)

  • 우국희
    • 한국사회복지학
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    • 제44권
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    • pp.209-231
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    • 2001
  • Recently, child abuse is mentioned in revised Child Welfare Law, on the other hand, elder abuse is not yet recognized as a social problem and little addressed in the field of social service. Like this, elder abuse has gotten less public and professional attention than other areas within the family abuse field. Despite the lack of attention to elder abuse, the number of elder abuse reports and incidents is likely to increase in the future. Based on the recognition that current effort and approach to elder abuse is not appropriate, this study attemped to briefly review laws and programs addressing elder abuse in the United States which have shaped in other contries. In the United States where various laws and programs that address elder abuse exit, there are incresing arguments that addressing elder abuse in the area of social service rather than in the criminal justice systems is more desirable. Because the most common form of elder abuse is not physical abuse but neglect including self-neglect. Self-neglect and neglect caused by caregivers' burden can not be addressed through criminal justice systems appropriately. From these experiences of the United States, the implications for policy, programs, and practice aimed at intervening elder abuse were discussed.

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기내 난동승객관련 도쿄협약의 개정필요성과 한국국내법적 접근의 한계 (The Need for Modernization of the Tokyo Convention(1963) on the Issue of Unruly Passengers and the Inadequacy of Korean Domestic Legal Approaches)

  • 배종인;이재운
    • 항공우주정책ㆍ법학회지
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    • 제27권1호
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    • pp.3-27
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    • 2012
  • 항공안전과 항공보안이 날로 발전하여 항공교통은 과거에 비해 월등히 안전해졌으나, 국제항공에서 기내난동사건은 지속적으로 증가하는 추세이다. 국제법으로는 1963년 도쿄협약 (항공기내 범죄방지협약)이 난동승객관련 사건들에 적용된다. 도쿄협약은 185개국이 비준한 성공적인 협약이지만, 여러 문제점을 가지고 있고, 특히, 정의조항, 관할권, 집행력에 관련한 흠결이 있다. 첫째, 어떠한 행위가 항공기내 범죄에 해당하는지에 대한 정의조항이 없어서, 항공기 출발국에서 범죄에 해당하는 행위가 항공기 도착국에서는 범죄에 해당하지 않는 상황을 야기할 수 있다. 각기 다른 정의조항은 항공사들의 대응을 효과적이지 못하게 할 수 있다. 둘째, 착륙국에 관할권이 없어서 기내에서 명백하게 범죄를 저지른 기내난동승객의 처벌이 불가능한 상황을 만들 수 있다. 셋째, 도쿄협약은 등록국에 대한 형사 관할권행사의 권한을 부여했을 뿐, 실제로 그 권한을 사용해야 한다는 의무를 부여하지 않았다. 도쿄협약을 비준함과 동시에, 한국은 기내난동승객문제를 처리하기 위한 국내법적 절차로써 항공기운항안전법을 1974년에 제정했다. 이후 2002년 ICAO 모델입법 Circular 288을 일부 반영하여, 항공안전 및 보안에 관한 법률(항안법)이 2002년 제정되었다. 항안법이 꾸준하게 개정되어온 포괄적인 법률이지만, 관할권 관련 조항은 없으며, 오직 형법만이 관할권 관련조항이 있다. 형법은 영토, 국적, 등록을 기초로 관할권을 정하고, 이는 본질적으로 도쿄협약의 관할권 원칙과 동일하다. 그러므로, 국내법 또한 기내난동승객 처리에 대한 관할권의 흠결을 해결하지 못한다. 또한, 법원의 판결도 항공기 납치 같은 심각한 범죄가 아닌 이상 관할권 관련 적극적인 입장을 피력할 것으로 보이지 않는다. ICAO 법률위원회의 특별위원회가 기내난동승객관련 1963년 도쿄협약 (항공기내 범죄방지협약) 개정의 실효성을 연구하기 위해 조직되었다. ICAO의 연구결과가 도쿄협약 현대화 작업으로 이어져서 기내난동승객을 보다 효과적으로 대응하고, 보다 근본적으로는, 기내난동승객 발생건수를 줄일 수 있도록 해야겠다.

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서울지하철 범죄 실태에 대한 범죄심리학적 연구 (Study on the Realities in Seoul Subway Crimes: Criminal Psychology)

  • 임상곤
    • 시큐리티연구
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    • 제7호
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    • pp.233-285
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    • 2004
  • ‘Defined legally as a violation of law' (Sutherland, E. H. Principles of Criminology, Lippincott, Chicago, 1939) Crime within the group is essentially and primarily antisocial in that the criminal who is welfare of his group acts instead against it and breaks the principles of social solidarity not merely by not doing what these principles prescribe, but by doing something exactly opposites. Any program set up to attack crime and delinquent behavior at their sources. A program of his nature needs the constant and comprehensive collaboration of psychiatrists, social works, educations, lawmakers, and public officials, since crime is a social problem and it should be treated as such. Some crime preventives which should be mentioned are as follows, (1) The insurance that every child will be decently born and that his home life be socially and economically adequate; without socially mature parents the chid is handicapped at the start; thus parental education, integrated with the public school system, should be developed now. (2) A more meaningful educational program which would emphasize ideals of citizenship, moral integrity, and respect for the law and the police. (3) A periodic check made for potential delinquents throughout the public schools and treatment provided if possible; and if not, proper segregation in institutions. (4) Careful attention paid to press, movies, and radio so that crime may no longer appear to be glamorous. This can be done by women's clubs, civic bodies, and other educational groups exerting pressure on the movie syndicates and broadcasting companies to free their productions of the tawdry and lurid characteristics of crime and criminals. Aggression associated with the phallic stage of development, The child ordinarily comprehends sexual intercourse as an aggressive and sadistic act on the part of the male, and specifically on the part of the penis. Evidence that the penis is phantasied as a weapon of violence and destruction come from unconscious productions of normal adults. Limerick, for instance, often refer to the penis as square, or too large, etc., so that intercourse is dangerous and painful for the partner, This may wall be a projection of the male's own fear of coitus. A certain portion of the death-instinct always remains within the person; it is called 'primal sadism' and according to Freud is identical with masochism. 'After the chief part of it(the death instinct) has been directed outwards towards objects, there remains as a residuum within the organism the true erotogenic masochism, which on the one hand becomes a component of the libido and on the other still has the subject itself for a object.' Criminalism, compulsive-neurotic frequent repetition of criminal acts in a compulsive manner. Like most symptoms of the compulsive-neurotic, such antisocial act are closely rated to feelings of hostility and aggression, often against the father. Because these acts are symptomatic, they afford only temporary relief and are therefore repeated. One patient with compulsive-neurotic criminalism was apprehended after breaking into hardware store and stealing money. He later confessed to many similar incidents over the preceding two years. At the same time it was apparent that he stole only for the sake of stealing. He did not need the money he thus obtained and had no special plans for using it.

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금융회사의 고객정보보호에 대한 내부직원의 태도 연구 (The Behavioral Attitude of Financial Firms' Employees on the Customer Information Security in Korea)

  • 정우진;신유형;이상용
    • Asia pacific journal of information systems
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    • 제22권1호
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    • pp.53-77
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    • 2012
  • Financial firms, especially large scaled firms such as KB bank, NH bank, Samsung Card, Hana SK Card, Hyundai Capital, Shinhan Card, etc. should be securely dealing with the personal financial information. Indeed, people have tended to believe that those big financial companies are relatively safer in terms of information security than typical small and medium sized firms in other industries. However, the recent incidents of personal information privacy invasion showed that this may not be true. Financial firms have increased the investment of information protection and security, and they are trying to prevent the information privacy invasion accidents by doing all the necessary efforts. This paper studies how effectively a financial firm will be able to avoid personal financial information privacy invasion that may be deliberately caused by internal staffs. Although there are several literatures relating to information security, to our knowledge, this is the first study to focus on the behavior of internal staffs. The big financial firms are doing variety of information security activities to protect personal information. This study is to confirm what types of such activities actually work well. The primary research model of this paper is based on Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) that describes the rational choice of human behavior. Also, a variety of activities to protect the personal information of financial firms, especially credit card companies with the most customer information, were modeled by the four-step process Security Action Cycle (SAC) that Straub and Welke (1998) claimed. Through this proposed conceptual research model, we study whether information security activities of each step could suppress personal information abuse. Also, by measuring the morality of internal staffs, we checked whether the act of information privacy invasion caused by internal staff is in fact a serious criminal behavior or just a kind of unethical behavior. In addition, we also checked whether there was the cognition difference of the moral level between internal staffs and the customers. Research subjects were customer call center operators in one of the big credit card company. We have used multiple regression analysis. Our results showed that the punishment of the remedy activities, among the firm's information security activities, had the most obvious effects of preventing the information abuse (or privacy invasion) by internal staff. Somewhat effective tools were the prevention activities that limited the physical accessibility of non-authorities to the system of customers' personal information database. Some examples of the prevention activities are to make the procedure of access rights complex and to enhance security instrument. We also found that 'the unnecessary information searches out of work' as the behavior of information abuse occurred frequently by internal staffs. They perceived these behaviors somewhat minor criminal or just unethical action rather than a serious criminal behavior. Also, there existed the big cognition difference of the moral level between internal staffs and the public (customers). Based on the findings of our research, we should expect that this paper help practically to prevent privacy invasion and to protect personal information properly by raising the effectiveness of information security activities of finance firms. Also, we expect that our suggestions can be utilized to effectively improve personnel management and to cope with internal security threats in the overall information security management system.

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Review on Need for Introduction of New Legal Framework of Investigation and Criminal Sanctions for OSH Fatal Accidents

  • Park Doo Yong
    • International Journal of Safety
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    • 제3권1호
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    • pp.47-52
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    • 2004
  • Current OSH system was analyzed in this paper to explain why high fatal incidents and disasters are continuously repeated for recent years in Korea. It was found that we have Dichotomous Perceptional Misconception of prevention before accident and compensation after accident and there is a significant lack of proper feed­back reward system for OSH performance. It was assumed that no reduction of accident rate and fatality rate have not been achieved recently despite of a great effort and increased resource allocations. Some statistics for proving weak punishment were analyzed. In the current system, the will of administrative agency would have been very limited particularly in the legal aspects. The Industrial Safety and Health Act is not suitable to after-injury punishment for employer and/or corporate since it is based on a framework for enforcement of prevention. Based on these analyses, it was concluded that there was a need to consider a special law for Corporate Accountability for Fatal Accidents. Because it is necessary to consider seriously for introduction of a new legal system for after injury punishment to repair the current system where it was found lack of proper feedback system. Also, there was no proper sanction measures for corporate with the current OSH legal system, and the most urgent problem in OSH area is the high fatality rate. it is necessary to consider seriously for introduction of a new legal system for after injury punishment. Also, there is no proper sanction measures for corporate with the current OSH legal system, and the most urgent problem in OSH area is the high fatality rate.