• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.417-424
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• 2000

Objective : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Sasim-tang water extract on the cardiovascular systems including changes of blood pressure and regional cerebral blood flow volume (rCBF) in male Sprague-Dawely rats. Methods : The changes of blood pressure were recorded by data acquisition system composed of MacLab and Macintosh computer. The changes of rCBF were observed by Laser-Doppler flowmetry through a opened cranial window. Results : 1. The changes of blood pressure was not affected by Sasim-tang extract intravenous injection in rats. 2. After pretreatment with propranolol(3mg/kg), L-NNA(10mg/kg) and 000(10mg/kg), the changes of blood pressure was not affected by Sasim tang extract intravenous injection in rats. 3. The changes of rCBF was increased in dose-dependent manner by Sasim-tang extract intravenous injection in rats. 4, After pretreatment with propranolol(3mg/kg), ODQ(10mg/kg) and L-NNA(10mg/kg), rCBF was significantly decreased in dose- dependent manner by Sasim-tang extract intravenous injection in rats. Conclusions : These results suggest that Sasim-tang was related to the regulation of the sympathetic nerve system, nitric oxide synthesis and synthesis of cyclic GMP.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.2985-2989
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• 2009

An experiment was conducted to examine the effects of ceramic sheet on concentration of students studies. To demonstrate the improvement in the concentration of study, we obtained functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), which has superior time resolution and measures brain noninvasively by using intrinsic contrast agent. As a result of Brainwave measurement, we could verify the blood flow's activate in the nearby frontal lobe related to memory process and noticeable ratio change in absolute alpha wave and beta wave after the analysis of Brainwave measurement. fMRI ascertains the physiological function of the brain and is being used to prevent the trouble medically that can be caused before and after the operation. For the visibility of cranial nerve network, many researches will be carried out to develope the product which is related to brain like concentration of study.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.52 no.1
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• pp.42-47
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• 2012

Objective : The aim of this prospective study was to demonstrate the influence of some factors on the prognosis of microvascular decompression in 37 patients with trigeminal neuralgia. Methods : The results of microvascular decompression (MVD) in 37 patients with trigeminal neuralgia were evaluated at 6 months after surgery and were compared with clinical and operative findings. Results : The sex of the patient, the patient's age at surgery, the side of the pain, and the duration of symptoms before surgery did not play any significant roles in prognosis. Also, the visual analogue scale (VAS) of the patient, the duration of each pain attack, and the frequency of pain over 24 hours did not play any significant roles in prognosis. In addition, intraoperative detection of the type of conflicting vessel, the degree of severity of conflict, and the location of the conflict around the circumference of the root did not play any roles in prognosis. The only factors affecting the prognosis in MVD surgery were intraoperative detection of the site of the conflict along the root and neuroradiological compression signs on preoperative magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)/magnetic resonance angiography (MRA). Conclusion : These findings demonstrated that if neurovascular compression is seen on preoperative MRI/MRA and/or compression is found intraoperative at the root entry zone, then the patient will most likely benefit from MVD surgery.

• Journal of Korean Neurosurgical Society
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• v.48 no.3
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• pp.199-206
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• 2010

Objective : Paraclinoid segment internal carotid artery (ICA) aneurysms have historically been a technical challenge for neurovascular surgeons. The development of microsurgical approach, advances in surgical techniques, and endovascular procedures have improved the outcome for paraclinoid aneurysms. However, many authors have reported high complication rates from microsurgical treatments. Therefore, the present study reviews the microsurgical complications of the extradural anterior clinoidectomy for treating paraclinoid aneurysms and investigates the prevention and management of observed complications. Methods : Between January 2004 and April 2008, 22 patients with 24 paraclinoid aneurysms underwent microsurgical direct clipping by a cerebrovascular team at a regional neurosurgical center. Microsurgery was performed via an ipsilateral pterional approach with extradural anterior clinoidectomy. We retrospectively reviewed patients' medical charts, office records, radiographic studies, and operative records. Results : In our series, the clinical outcomes after an ipsilateral pterional approach with extradural anterior clinoidectomy for paraclinoid aneurysms were excellent or good (Glasgows Outcome Scale : GOS 5 or 4) in 87.5% of cases. The microsurgical complications related directly to the extradural anterior clinoidectomy included transient cranial nerve palsy (6), cerebrospinal fluid leak (1), worsened change in vision (1), unplanned ICA occlusion (1), and epidural hematoma (1). Only one of the complications resulted in permanent morbidity (4.2%), and none resulted in death. Conclusion : Although surgical complications are still reported to occur more frequently for the treatment of paraclinoid aneurysms, the permanent morbidity and mortality resulting from a extradural anterior clinoidectomy in our series were lower than previously reported. Precise anatomical knowledge combined with several microsurgical tactics can help to achieve good outcomes with minimal complications.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Clinical Toxicology
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.161-165
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• 2006

Organophosphate insecticides, commonly used in agriculture, are a gradually increasing cause of accidental and suicidal poisoning. Intoxication can occur by ingestion, inhalation or dermal contact. Exposure to organophosphorus agents causes a sequentially triphasic illness consisting of the cholinergic phase, the intermediate syndrome, and organophosphate-induced delayed polyneuropathy. Acute pancreatitis as a rare complication of organophosphate intoxication has also been infrequently observed. We report a case of intoxication with organophosphate (phos-phamidon) by parenteral exposure (inhalation and/or dermal contact). A 34-year-old male patient was transferred to our Emergency Medical Center and was intubated due to a progressive respiratory failure. He presented with meiotic pupils, cranial nerve palsies, weak respiration, and proximal limb motor weaknesses without sensory changes. He had been employed in filling syringes with phosphamidon during the previous month. Because the patient's history and symptoms suggested organophosphate intoxication with intermediate syndrome, he was mechanically ventilated for 18 days with continuous infusion of atropine and pralidoxime (total amounts of 159 mg and 216 g, respectively). During his admission, hyperamylasemia and hyperli-pasemia were detected, and his abdominal CT scan showed a finding compatible with acute pancreatitis. He was administered a conservative treatment with NPO and nasogastric drainage. The patient was discharged and showed neither gastrointestinal nor neurologic sequelae upon follow up at one week and three months.

• Journal of the Korean Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
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• v.28 no.4
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• pp.264-273
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• 2002

Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) was used first to induce osteogenesis in 1974. The appliance which was consisted of the Helmholtz coil configuration have used to osteogensis. The objective of this study was to determine whether PEMF, a frequency of 100 Hz and magnetic field strength of 38 gauss applied to the calvarial defect in rabbit, could affect the induction of osteogenesis and the healing of the graft bone. This field should not produce excitation of nerve or muscle and heating the tissue. To evaluate the effect of PEMF on osteogenesis, 16 rabbit under the same condition was divided into 8 experimental groups and 8 control groups. 10 mm calvarial bone defects were formed around sagittal suture. The defect of left side was left without graft while the defect of right side was grafted by bone harvested from left side. A pulsed electromagnetic field was applied for 8 hours per day. Each group was sacrificed after 1 week, 2 weeks, 4 weeks, 8 weeks. Microscopic specimens were obtained from the calvarial bone defects and surrounding tissue using Hematoxylin-Eosin staining method. The results were as follows. 1. In the group which pulsed electromagnetic field was applied, new bone formation filled up the defect was observed after 4 and 8 weeks effectively. 2. There are no difference in the healing period for the fusion between the bone and graft bone. According to the result, the PEMF with 38 Gauss, 100 Hz was very effective in the healing of bone defect and new bone formation. So The PEMF will be useful in clinical aspect for oseteogenesis.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.16 no.6
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• pp.1291-1296
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• 2002

Blood circulation of brain is divided into two major categories; anterior one from carotid artery and posterior one from vertebrobasilar artery. In stroke patients, it is important to diagnose which is involved, because there is many difference in the aspects of clinical menifestations and prognosis, especially in the acute stage. In some cases of vertebrobasilar infarction, such as Wallenberg's syndrome, charicteristic cranial nerve signs, eye movement disorders and cerebellar signs are appeared. And in Dejerine's syndrome, only pure motor or sensory defecits can be appeared without any brainstem signs. So It shoud be differenciated by Brain MRI from those of the cerebral hemisphere lesions. And in the cases that nausea, vomitting and dysphagia are the first menifestations, it is frequently misdiagnosed as internal medical disease, causing appropriate treatment delayed. In this case report, we are to describe the clinical menifestations and progresses of two cases of brainstem infarctions, review previously published case reports about them and compare them to our cases. The first is Dejerine's syndrome i.e. medial medullary infarction, the second is Wallenberg's syndrome i.e. lateral medullary infarction. Simultaneously we are to investigate the oriental medical approach in the bran stem infarctions.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.19 no.10
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• pp.1346-1351
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• 2009

Recent evidence has shown that many pluripotetic neural crest cells are fate-restricted and that different fate-restricted crest cells emigrate from the neural tube at different times. Jin et al. (2001) identified the expression patterns of Wnts and its antagonists at the time that neural crest cells were being specified and suggested that Wnt signaling was involved in the segregation/differentiation of neural crest cells in the trunk in vitro. In this study, we evaluated the effects of Wnt signaling in avian neural crest lineage segregation. To accomplish this, Wnt signaling was disturbed at the time of neural crest segregation and differentiation by grafting Wnt-3a expressing cells and conducting dominant negative glycogen synthase kinase (dnGSK) electroporation. Stimulation of Wnt signaling induced neural crest lineage segregation and melanoblast specification, and increased the expression levels of genes known to be involved in neural crest development such as cadherin 7 and Slug, which suggests that they are involved in Wnt-induced neural crest lineage differentiation into melanoblasts.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.57-64
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• 2011

Parkinson's disease is a degenerative disease of a cranial nerve and has a main symptoms of irregular movement of muscle, stiffening, trembling which occurred by about 1% of population in the age of over 65. Moreover, the and prevalence rate and attack rate are soaring according to increase of elderly population. However, allopathy and surgery were done through dopamine and anticholinergic medicine for treatment but it developed a lot of complications due to medicine and progress since it makes slow progress or can't stop the treatment. Hereupon, I report that there is a case on one of the patients Young Jin Oriental Medical Clinic. The patient who is in state of treatment termination who doesn't need any further remedy and no worsening of symptoms after conduction of therapies of dialectic and 5 upright life cure regulations. 5 upright life cure regulations means five practive way for improvement of nature healing power. Upon undertaking the 5 upright life cure regulations, there were found significant results in such tests as Unified Parkinson Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), Hoehn & Yahr Staging Scale, and Activity of Daily Living (ADL), and the ingestion of Benztropine 1mg and Requip 0.25mg was decreased from 3 times to 0 times. The study offers objective clinical data on Oriental Medicine treatment for Parkinson's disease which is one of representative neuro-degenerative diseases and thus broadens the application range of Oriental Medical treatment and presents the fundamental data on the clinical research on Parkinson's disease by adopting evidence-based medicine (EBM).

• The Journal of the Korean bone and joint tumor society
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.105-109
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• 2005

This journal reports three cases diagnosed with schwannomatosis in which no clinical symptoms of type 2 neurofibromatosis. The chief complain was pain. In adolescence and adult group, all masses were found. The locations were brachial plexus, popliteal fossa and hand. No hearing impairment, vertigo, tinnitus and visual disturbance was observed in any of the case. Family history was negative. In all cases, there was no evidence of vestibular schwannoma on cranial MRI imaging study. In all cases, Tinel sign was positive. Pathologic diagnosis was positive for schwannoma. Further study and case collection is needed to idenity the clinical manifestation, clinical course and genetic characteristic of schwannomatosis.