• Journal of Korea Trade
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.21-47
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• 2021

Purpose - Offshoring has emerged as one of the major trends in international trade and has become one of the strategies for achieving competitiveness in the global market. In spite of this, the expected gains of offshoring can be offset by hidden costs and risks, such as those associated with the COVID-19 pandemic, the trade war between the USA and China, and the ongoing trade dispute between Korea and Japan. To obviate such business failure and prevent critical business blunders, offshoring strategies that efficiently consider both risk elements and potential wealth creation are urgently need. The first purpose of this study is to contribute to the development of more advanced offshoring strategies to help host countries select the best locations to manage supply chain risks and create unique value. The second purpose is to specifically analyze the current status of Korea and provide Korean companies with implications to be considered when deciding whether to offshore or re-shore. Design/methodology - A Network DEA model was applied to measure the comparative location efficiency of national competencies for offshoring strategy from perspectives of wealth creation opportunities (profitability and marketability) and supply chain risk management. The location efficiencies are compared among a total 70 countries selected from the Global Competitiveness Index (GCI) and globally attractive locations outlined by Kearney (2017). For the secondary analysis of efficiency, a t-test examining the nature of competitive advantage and the level of sophistication in production processes was implemented in three divisions. We then analyzed differences in offshoring performance in terms of the identified national traits. Moreover, Tobit regression analysis is conducted to investigate the correlation between value-added business activities and each divisional efficiency, seeking to determine how each degree of value-added business activity influences the increase in offshoring productivity. Findings - Regarding overall location efficiency for offshoring performance, only the USA and Italy were identified as being efficient as host countries for offshoring, under circumstances of advanced development, such as productivity and risk management. Korea ranks 13th among 70 countries. The determinants of national competitiveness depend on national traits (the nature of competitive advantage and business sophistication). Countries with labor/resource advantages and labor-intensive industries are more competitive in terms of marketability than others. In contrast, countries with strong technology-intensive industries benefit offshoring companies, particularly in the technology sector, with the added advantage of supply chain risk management. As the perception of a value chain is broader in a country, it can achieve both production sophistication and competitive advantages such as marketability and SCRM. Originality/value - Existing studies focus on offshoring effectiveness from a company perspective. This paper contributes to comparing country efficiency in producing core competencies related to an offshoring strategy and also segments countries into three performance-based considerations associated with the global offshoring market. It also details Korea's position as an offshoring location according to national efficiency and competency.

• 대중서사연구
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• 제27권1호
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• pp.133-185
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• 2021

이 글은 낙태 문제를 다룬 텔레비전 드라마 을 물질성, 관계성, 행위주체성 등의 이론적 초점과 연결시켜 행위적 현실(agential reality)의 축도로서 회절적으로 독해하려는 시도다. 캐런 바라드의 행위적 실재론(agential realism)에 따르면, 텔레비전 드라마 은 당대의 의료기술, 괴담과 전설, 그리고 남성중심적 정동 등의 물질적이고 담론적인 장치들의 행위적 내부작용을 통해 산출된 사회문화적 현상이라 할 수 있다. 1990년대는 기술, 담론, 정동 등의 장치들을 통해 '혐오'를 반복적으로 드러내는데, 이는 여성의 젠더화된 신체를 향한다. 성형과 낙태라는 물질적-담론적 실천은 몸을 둘러싼 행위적 현실이 의료 기술은 물론, 젠더화된 혐오의 정동과 긴밀하게 엮여 있다는 사실을 예증한다. 이와 관계된 또 다른 물질적-담론적 현상으로서 괴담의 유행과 전설의 재발견 역시 탈자연화된 몸에 대한 혐오의 정동으로부터 생산되고, 이 정동을 다시 한 번 확대재생산하고 있음을 방증한다. 이러한 정동 환경 속에서 등장한 은 회절(diffraction)을 상연하는데, 이는 테크노-신체의 물질화에 대한 포스트휴먼적 함축을 결여한 채 백래시의 역행적 힘에 따라 이루어진다. 은 역사적으로 틀 지워지고, 맥락 속에서 정의된 '인간(Man)'에 대한 휴머니즘적 가정들을 보편적인 정의(justice)로서 앞세운다. 이것은 어디까지나 휴머니즘의 젠더화된 정의(definition)일 뿐이다. '낙태죄' 폐지 이후, COVID-19 감염증 유행과 함께, 의료 기술 및 담론, 신체적 물질을 둘러싼 정동이 격렬히 내부작용하는 현재는 이 애써 거부한 인간의 대안적 정의에 대해 신중하게 사유하고 응답해야 할 때다.

• 한국엔터테인먼트산업학회논문지
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• 제15권5호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2021

사회적 거리두기로 인해 산업적 침체기를 맞이한 공연산업계는 대부분의 공연이 취소 및 무기한 연기되면서 관련 종사자들이 생계에 큰 위협을 받았다. 계속되는 침체기를 극복하기 위해 온라인공연 플랫폼이 대안으로 제시되면서 사회적 거리두기를 준수하면 공연을 지속적으로 운영할 수 있는 유일한 방법으로 주목받았다. 온라인으로 진행되었던 공연사례들을 3가지 항목으로 분류하여, 문화수요 공급을 위한 무료 공연사례, 영상매체를 통한 유료 공연사례, 지상파 방송을 통한 공연사례로 분류하여 사례를 분석하였다. 분석결과, 누구나 사용할 수 있고 일정 수준의 완성도를 보장하는 온라인공연 플랫폼이 상용화가 되어야 할 것으로 분석되었다, 현재의 첨단 기술이 도입된 대형 엔터테인먼트의 공연 제작비는 영세한 예술인들이 감당할 수 없는 상황이다. 그러므로 온라인공연의 프로그램 상용화를 통해 예술인들의 공연 생활에 조금이나마 도움이 되길 바란다.

• 한국산업보건학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.435-448
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• 2022

Objectives: As the time spent wearing masks has increased with spread of COVID-19, various research related to masks have been reported. However, there are still few experiments on the physiological response of the body to wearing industrial dust masks in South Korea. Considering the actual working hours at the work site, it is necessary to investigate the comfort of industrial dust masks. Therefore, this study aims to confirm the change in subjective discomfort level according to the wearing time for industrial dust masks in South Korea that have been certified for safety by KCS. Methods: This study evaluated subjective discomfort level over four hours. The experimental conditions were five types: not worn (control group), special grade, first grade, second grade (with valve), and second grade (without valve). The subjective discomfort levels were classified for breathing, warmth (body and face) and wetness (body and face). Subjects recorded their discomfort level on a checklist every one hour. Results: In special grade and second grade (without valve), the discomfort level in terms of breathing, warmth (face), and wetness (face) was significantly higher than that of the control group. However, the effects of all kinds of industrial dust masks on the discomfort level in the body were low. Conclusions: Since this study was conducted on subjects working in an office with a comfortable working environment, it is difficult to apply it to workers at actual industrial sites. However, it is considered meaningful as the first clinical study to evaluate the subjective level of discomfort over a long time for domestic industrial dust masks that have been certified for safety by KCS.

• 한국포장학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.201-210
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• 2022

Expanded polystyrene (EPS) is the most commonly used fresh food refrigeration insulation in Korea and Europe. Moreover, as the use of disposable packaging materials has increased significantly along with non-face-to-face delivery services since the COVID-19 crisis, social issues related to waste disposal are also being raised. Therefore, in this study, the life cycle of EPS boxes for fresh food is focused on the factors that have a large difference between incineration and landfill including recycling in Europe and Korea in the disposal process after use, and raw materials and energy in the manufacturing process, which account for a large portion of the environmental impact value. We tried to compare the environmental impact of evaluation. Overall, the raw material production stage, box manufacturing stage, and packaging stage have similar processes in Europe and Korea, but unlike Europe, Korea, which lacks landfills and incineration facilities, has focused on expanding the recycling rate. It was necessary to do an environmental impact assessment. Data affecting the environment were derived based on 2019 and 2020 data for Korea and 2017 and 2020 data for Europe. In order to predict the future environmental impact assessment, assumptions about the disposal rate in 2025 and 2030 were introduced and evaluated. As a result of this study, it was found that the raw material production stage of EPS boxes, which have similar processes in both Korea and Europe, has the greatest effect on the global warming effect of Korean EPS boxes. However, Korea, which has a relatively high recycling rate in the disposal process compared to incineration and landfill, showed better environmental performance than Europe in most impact indicators except freshwater eutrophication. In particular, Korea has increased the overall recycling rate compared to Europe by replacing various recyclable materials such as building materials and sundries with XPS (extruded polystyrene) recycled materials. In conclusion, it was found that increasing the recycling rate rather than incinerating and landfilling EPS boxes for fresh food in the domestic EPS industry has relatively less environmental load compared to Europe.

• 한국프랜차이즈경영연구
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.1-15
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• 2022

Purpose: The globalization of the Korean restaurant franchise industry differs from the business performance of enhancing the brand image and customers' intention to revisit depending on the degree of localization marketing. Therefore, it is necessary to consider the extent to which the localization marketing activities of overseas Korean restaurant franchise companies affect the customer's perception. This study aims to investigate the effects of localization marketing (Localized Menu, Localized Price, Localized Service Experience, Localized Promotion, Localized Physical Environment) of Korean restaurant franchise companies on customer revisit intention. Research design, data, and methodology: For this study, 150 questionnaires using local Korean restaurants in Beijing, China, were analyzed using SPSS Ver.21 and AMOS Ver.22. Result: It was confirmed that the localized menu, localized service experience, and localized physical environment all affect the intention to revisit customers. Based on these verification results, if overseas franchises fully recognize localization marketing, which is an important factor for local business success, and establish localization strategies, they can gain an edge in competition with local Korean restaurants or restaurant franchises founded by locals. There may be a higher probability that However, it was found that localization price and localization promotion had no mediating effect of brand image between revisit intention and revisit intention. It was found that it had no effect on the degree of inquiry and had a negative effect. Conclusions: Due to the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, there have been many changes in the domestic and overseas food service industry over the past two years. Therefore, in future research, it is necessary to study the localization of overseas Korean restaurant franchise companies that are more multidimensionally subdivided. Various measures of customized localization marketing for optimal regional characteristics should be developed and applied to enhance customer revisiting and brand image of Korean restaurant franchise companies entering overseas. In the future, this study will be meaningful data for the establishment of localization marketing (Localized Menu, Localized Price, Localized Service Experience, Localized Promotion, Localized Physical Environment) strategies for Korean restaurant franchise companies that consider overseas expansion or have already entered.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권5호
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• pp.139-148
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• 2022

평생교육원은 성인을 대상으로 요람에서부터 무덤까지의 배움을 모토로 사람들에게 제공하는 교육 시스템이다. 본 연구는 평생교육원의 서비스 품질과 긍정심리자본, 심리적 안녕감에 관한 선행연구들을 근거로 평생교육원의 서비스 품질이 긍정심리자본을 통해 심리적 안녕감에 어떠한 영향을 미치는 지에 대해 규명하고자 하였다. 본 연구는 평생교육원을 다니는 학생 212명을 대상으로 하여 2021년 11월 1일부터 11월 14일까지 설문지를 배부하고 회수하였다. 연구 결과는 다음과 같이 요약된다. 첫째, 평생교육원의 서비스 품질은 긍정심리자본 중 자기효능감에 모두 아무런 영향을 주지 않았지만, 희망에는 모두 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 평생교육원 서비스 품질 중 확신성과 반응성은 탄력성에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났고, 반응성은 긍정심리자본 중 낙관주의에 긍정적인 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 긍정심리자본 중 희망과 탄력성 그리고 낙관주의는 심리적 안녕감에 유의한 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 평생교육원 학습자들에게 더 좋은 품질의 평생교육원 서비스를 제공하기 위한 정책 방향에 자료로 활용할 수 있으리라 본다.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.6-17
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• 2022

Objectives: This study describes the implementation of a training course that aimed to increase the competency of undergraduate students of Korean medicine at a single college to obtain informed consent and perform bee venom acupuncture using an objective structured clinical examination (OSCE). Methods: We developed and implemented a short training course for 111 fourth-year students of Korean medicine during their clinical rotation at the Department of Acupuncture and Moxibustion Medicine. Lectures were conducted on the effects of and hypersensitivity reactions to bee venom acupuncture, obtaining informed consent, performing skin test and bee venom acupuncture. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, some students were offered online lectures, and some could not experience the performance of OSCE in person. A survey with 16 closed and three open questions was used to investigate self-efficacy, opinions about the online lectures, and the OSCE. Results: Out of 111 questionnaires, 104 were completed (94%). Students were generally satisfied with the online lectures and OSCE. For the subjective questionnaire about what was helpful in the training of bee venom acupuncture techniques and OSCE, the authenticity of the teaching method was recorded the highest. Conclusions: This study showed that online lectures were effective in teaching clinical skills of Korean Medicine. It is necessary to produce standard educational materials for clinical skills of Korean Medicine, and studies to analyze the reliability and validity of OSCE are needed.

• Journal of Dairy Science and Biotechnology
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.129-144
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• 2021

Following the COVID-19 pandemic, many people are increasingly becoming interested in health and environmental issues. Therefore, the sale of vegan or vegetarian products has been increasing over the last few years, as well as interest in non-dairy plant-based milk that can replace cow's milk. Furthermore, the global food industry has developed an interest in such products, considering the recent changes in consumer trends. In Korea, various products are being launched annually due to the increasing interest in non-dairy plant-based milk. However, research with regard to the quality and type of products produced in Korea is still at the preliminary stage when compared to those in the United States and Europe. Therefore, the present review has summarized non-dairy plant-based milk analogues based on the following key aspects. First, the types of non-dairy plant-based milk analogues and their production technologies (in the order of almond milk > cocoa milk > coconut milk > hemp milk > kidney bean milk > oat milk > peanut milk > rice milk, and soy milk). Second, the current status and future prospects for non-dairy plant-based milk analogues. Third, recent trends and future challenges associated with the production and quality improvement of non-dairy plant-based milk analogues. Fourth, the current status and outlook of the non-dairy plant-based milk analogue market in Korea. In conclusion, the present review could provide the food industry with valuable information regarding non-dairy plant-based milk analogues to facilitate the development of related products. Data were obtained from previously published studies.

• 기독교교육논총
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• 제68권
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• pp.175-216
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• 2021

본 연구에서는, 코로나 바이러스 팬데믹을 포함하여, 오늘의 교회와 그리스도인들이 마주한 다양한 위기와 도전들에 직면하여 대안적 형태의 교리교육을 모색한다. 그동안 한국교회의 현장에서 이루어져 온 교리교육은, 최근 교리교육에 대한 관심에서도 드러나듯이, 수직적 차원의 신앙에 초점을 두고, 좁은 의미의 교회 중심적 그리스도인 만들기에 많은 노력을 기울여 왔다. 한국교회의 대사회적 신뢰도와 공공성의 상실은 일차적으로 이러한 지역 교회에 헌신하는, 좁은 의미의 혹은 사사화된 제자훈련으로서의 교리교육과 깊이 연관되어 있다고 할 수 있다. 교리교육 방법에 있어서도 교사가 일방적으로 교리 내용을 학습자에게 전수하거나, 학습자들이 그 내용을 반복하고 암송하는 방법이 흔하게 사용되어 왔다. 그 결과 기독교교육의 원형이라고 할 수 있는 교리교육은 기독교교육학 가운데 가장 고루하고 뒤떨어진 영역으로 간주되고 있다. 이를 염두에 두고 본 연구에서는 오늘의 교리교육의 현황에 대한 비판적 평가와, 교리에 대한 새로운 관점들, 교리교육에 대한 기독교 교육학자들의 이론에 기초하여 통전적 신앙의 형성을 지향하는 교리교육을 목적, 교리개념, 체제, 내용, 방법론과 방법 등으로 나누어서 제안한다. 그리고 이를 통하여 기존 교리교육의 재개념화를 시도한다.