• 산업공학
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.46-55
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• 2004

Various characteristics of the object being lifted are known to affect the biomechanical, physiological, and psychophysical stresses. The object characteristics to be considered in the design process of lifting tasks are weight, shape, stiffness, and availability of handles and similar coupling devices. In this study, a prototype Polypropylene laminated bag with carrying handles was designed to decrease the physical stress of people who handle these bags. Physiological and psychophysical approaches as well as subjective ratings were applied to evaluate the effects of handles provided on the designed PP laminated bag. Statistical analysis showed that the VO2, heart rate, blood pressure, and Borg-RPE score for PP laminated fertilizer bag with carrying handles were significantly lower than those bags without handles. Moreover, Maximum Acceptable Lifting Endurance Time(MALET) measure, newly developed in this study, for bags with handles was significantly higher than those for bags without handles. It is thus recommended that the various types of bags and boxes be equipped with handles to reduce the musculoskeletal, physiological, psychophysical, and subjective perceived stresses.

• 대한기계학회논문집
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1021-1029
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• 1992

본 연구에서는 거대한 평판형 격자구조물에 대한 등가 연속체모델을 유도하기 위한 보다 간편하고 합리적인 방법을 개발하고, 예제해석을 통해 새로이 개발된 방법 의 타당성을 보이는데 있다.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제16권12호
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• pp.1252-1261
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• 2006

This paper summarizes theoretical work on the multichannel decentralized feedback control of sound radiation from aircraft trim panels using piezoceramic actuators. The aircraft trim panels are generally honeycomb structures designed to meet the design requirement of low weight and high stiffness. They are resiliently-mounted to the fuselage for the passive reduction of noise transmission. It is motivated by the localization of reduction in vibration of single channel active trim panels. 12-channel decentralized feedback control systems are investigated in terms of the reduction of noise and vibration for three configurations of sensor actuator pairs. Local coupling of the closely-spaced sensor and actuator pairs was modeled using single degree of freedom systems. The multichannel control system is characterized using the state-space model. For the stability point of view, the relative stability or robustness is evaluated by comparing the real part of eigenvalues of the system matrix for the three configurations. The control performance is also evaluated and compared for the three configurations. It is found that the multichannel system can lead to the globalization of the reduction in vibration and radiated noise. It does not appear to yield a significant improvement in the vibration because of decreased gain margin. However, the reduction in the radiated noise is remarkably improved due to the variation of the vibration pattern with the actuation configurations.

• 한국강구조학회 논문집
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• 제11권1호통권38호
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• pp.55-67
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• 1999

복합재료로 구성된 복합적층판 및 쉘과 같은 구조물은 탄성계수와 전단탄성 계수의 비가 매우 커서 전단변형의 영향이 크므로 정확한 해를 얻기 위하여 해석 및 설계에서 필수적으로 전단변형을 고려해야 하며, 고차의 전단변형이론에 의한 해석은 더욱 정확한 해를 얻을 수 있다. 본 연구는 단순지지 경계조건을 갖는 복합적층판 및 쉘에 대하여 3차 전단변형 이론을 적용하여 플라이 각도, 층의 수에 따른 복합적층판 및 쉘의 휨, 진동, 좌굴 특성을 연구한다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권6호
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• pp.509-516
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 틸트로터 항공기의 날개-로터 시스템의 수학적 모델링과 자유진동 제어에 대하여 고찰하였다. 날개에 부착된 로터는 수직방향에서 수평방향으로 또는 그 반대로 틸팅각을 변경시킬 수 있다. 로터의 틸팅각, 복합재료 날개의 섬유각, 로터의 회전속도를 변수로 하여 자유진동 특성 및 압전재료를 이용한 자유진동 제어 효과에 대하여 고찰하였다. 복합재료 날개는 상자형 박판 보로 모델링 하였으며, 플랩-래그운동 사이의 연성과 인장-비틀림 운동사이의 연성이 발생하는 CUS 구조로 가정하였다. 수치해석 결과와 그에 따른 결론을 도출하였다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제33권11호
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• pp.7-14
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• 2005

접촉 현상을 포함하는 완전 연계된 열기계학적 문제에 대한 정확하고 효율적인 해석을 위하여 부영역과 공유면에 근거한 유한요소 정식화 기법을 제안하였다. 부영역과 공유면을 결합하기 위한 등식 적합 조건을 벌칙 함수로 처리함으로써 모든 유효 강성 행렬이 양정치화되며, 역행렬과 같은 각종 수치 연산이 매우 간편하다. 또한 전체 구조 형상이 복잡하더라도 대상 영역을 임의의 부영역으로 분할한 후, 공유면에서의 절점 연속성 등을 고려하지 않고 각 부영역을 독립적으로 유한요소 모델링할 수 있다. 컴퓨터 코드의 개발 및 수치 예제의 해석을 통하여 본 기법에 대한 기본적인 특성을 확인하였다.

• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.54-59
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• 1999

High-speed electronic digital computers have enabled engineers to employ various numerical discretization techniques for solutions of complex problems. The Finite Element Method is one of the such technique. The Finite Element Method is one of the numerical analysis based on the concepts of fundamental mathematical approximation. Three dimensional plate structures used often in partition of ship, box girder and frame are analyzed by Finite Element Method. In design of structures, the static deflections, stress concentrations and dynamic deflections must be considered. However, these problem belong to geometrically nonlinear mechanical structure analysis. The analysis of each element is independent, but coupling occurs in assembly process of elements. So, to overcome such a difficulty the shell theory which includes transformation matrix and a fictitious rotational stiffness is taken into account. Also, the Mindlin's theory which is considered the effect of shear deformation is used. The Mindlin's theory is based on assumption that the normal to the midsurface before deformation is "not necessarily normal to the midsurface after deformation", and is more powerful than Kirchoff's theory in thick plate analysis. To ensure that a small number of element can represent a relatively complex form of the type which is liable to occur in real, rather than in academic problem, eight-node quadratic isoparametric elements are used. are used.

• 복합신소재구조학회 논문집
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• 제1권1호
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• pp.9-15
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• 2010

In this paper, A reinforced concrete slab bridges is analyzed by the composite laminates theory. Both the geometry and the material of the cross section of the reinforced concrete slab bridge are considered symmetrical with respect to the mid-surface so that the bending extension coupling stiffness, Bij = 0, and D16 = D26 = 0. Each longitudinal and transverse steel layer is regarded as a lamina, and material constants of each lamina is calculated by the use of rule of mixture. This slab with simple support is under uniformly distributed vertical and axial loads. In this paper, the finite difference method and specially orthotropic laminates theory are used for analysis. The result of specially orthotropic laminates theory analysis is modified to obtain the solution of the beam analysis. The result of this paper can be used for reinforced concrete slab analysis by the engineers with undergraduate study in near future.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.145-171
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• 2015

Due to earthquakes, many structures suffered extensive damages that were attributed to the torsional effect caused by mass, stiffness or strength eccentricity. Due to this type of asymmetry torsional moments are generated that are imposed by means of additional shear forces developed at the vertical resisting structural elements of the buildings. Although the torsional effect on the response of reinforced concrete buildings was the subject of extensive research over the last decades, a quantitative index measuring the amplification of the shear forces developed at the vertical resisting elements due to lateral-torsional coupling valid for both elastic and elastoplastic response states is still missing. In this study a reliable index capable of assessing the torsional effect is proposed. The performance of the proposed index is evaluated and its correlation with structural response quantities like displacements, interstorey drift, base torque, shear forces and upper diaphragm's rotation is presented. Torsionally stiff, mass eccentric single-story and multistory structures, subjected to bidirectional excitation, are considered and nonlinear dynamic analyses are performed using natural records selected for three hazard levels. It was found that the proposed index provides reliable prediction of the magnitude of torsional effect for all test examples considered.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.471-482
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• 2018

The composite reinforced concrete and steel (RCS) structural systems have larger structural lateral stiffness, higher inherent structural damping, and faster construction speed than either traditional reinforcement concrete or steel structures. In this paper, four RCS subassemblies with or without the RC slab designed following a strong column-weak beam philosophy were constructed and tested under reversed-cyclic loading. Parameters including the width of slab and composite effect of the RC slab and beam were explored. The test results showed that all specimens performed in a ductile manner with plastic hinges formed in the beam ends near the column faces. The seismic responses of composite connections are influenced significantly by different width of slabs. Compared with that of the steel beam without the RC slab, it was found that the load carrying capacity of composite connections with the RC slab increased by 30% on average, and strength degradation, energy dissipation also had better performance, while the ductility of that were almost the same. Furthermore, the contribution of connection deformation to the overall specimen displacement was analyzed and compared. It decreased approximately 10% due to the coupling effect in the columns and beams with the RC slab. Based on the test result, some suggestions are presented for the design of composite RCS joints.