• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 2022

A semi-analytical solution to responses of overconsolidated (OC) unsaturated soils surrounding an expanding spherical cavity under constant suction condition is presented. To capture the elastoplastic hydro-mechanical property of OC unsaturated soils, the unified hardening (UH) model for OC unsaturated soil is adopted in corporation with a soil-water characteristic curve (SWCC) and two suction yield surfaces. Taking the specific volume, radial stress, tangential stress and degree of saturation as the four basic unknowns, the problem investigated is formulated by solving a set of first-order ordinary differential equations with the help of an auxiliary variable and an iterative algorithm. The present solution is validated by comparing with available solution based on the modified Cam Clay (MCC) model. Parametric studies reveal that the hydraulic and mechanical responses of spherical cavity expanding in unsaturated soils are not only coupled, but also affected by suction and overconsolidation ratio (OCR) significantly. More importantly, whether hydraulic yield will occur or not depends only on the initial relationship between suction yield stress and suction. The presented solution can be used for calibration of some insitu tests in OC unsaturated soil.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제12권5호
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• pp.419-428
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• 2023

We have developed a model for estimating the parameters of viscous materials from indirect tensile tests for asphalt. This is a simple Burger nonlinear rheological two-cell model or standard model. At the same time, we begin to develop a more versatile and complex multi-cell model. The simple model is validated using experimental load-displacement results from laboratory tests: The recorded displacements are used as input values and the measured force data are simulated with the model. The optimal model parameters are estimated using the Levenberg-Marquardt method and a very good agreement between the experimental results and the model calculations is shown. However, not all parts of the model are active in the loading phase of the experiment, so we extended the validation of the model to the simulation of the relaxation behaviour. In this stage, the other model parameters are activated and the simulation results are consistent with the literature. At this stage, we have estimated the parameters only for the two-cell uniaxial model, but further work will include results for the multi-cell model.

• Coupled systems mechanics
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.171-186
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• 2024

In the present paper, thermal buckling characteristics of functionally graded rectangular plates made of porous material that are integrated with surface-bonded piezoelectric actuators subjected to the combined action of thermal load and constant applied actuator voltage are investigated by utilizing a Navier solution method. The uniform temperature rise loading is considered. Thermomechanical material properties of FGM plates are assumed to be temperature independent and supposed to vary through thickness direction of the constituents according to power-law distribution (P-FGM) which is modified to approximate the porous material properties with even and uneven distributions of porosities phases. The governing differential equations of stability for the piezoelectric FGM plate are derived based on higher order shear deformation plate theory. Influences of several important parameters on the critical thermal buckling temperature are investigated and discussed in detail.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제71권6호
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• pp.627-641
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• 2019

The paper focuses on bending analysis of the functionally graded (FG) plates with arbitrary shapes and boundary conditions. The material property of FG plates is modelled by using the power law distribution. Based on the first order shear deformation plate theory (FSDT), the governing equations as well as boundary conditions are formulated and obtained by using the principle of virtual work. The coupled Boundary Element-Radial Basis Function (BE-RBF) method is established to solve the complex FG plates. The proposed methodology is developed by applying the concept of the analog equation method (AEM). According to the AEM, the original governing differential equations are replaced by three Poisson equations with fictitious sources under the same boundary conditions. Then, the fictitious sources are established by the application of a technique based on the boundary element method and approximated by using the radial basis functions. The solution of the actual problem is attained from the known integral representations of the potential problem. Therefore, the kernels of the boundary integral equations are conveniently evaluated and readily determined, so that the complex FG plates can be easily computed. The reliability of the proposed method is evaluated by comparing the present results with those from analytical solutions. The effects of the power index, the length to thickness ratio and the modulus ratio on the bending responses are investigated. Finally, many interesting features and results obtained from the analysis of the FG plates with arbitrary shapes and boundary conditions are demonstrated.

• Advances in nano research
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.285-295
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• 2022

Creation of plastic deformation under seismic loads, is one of the most serious subjects in RC structures with steel bars which reduces the life threatening risks and increases dissipation of energy. Shape memory alloy (SMA) is one of the best choice for the relocating plastic hinges. In a challenge to study the seismic response of concrete moment resisting frame (MRF), this article investigates numerically a new type of concrete frames with nano fiber reinforced polymer (NFRP) and shape memory alloy (SMA) hinges, simultaneously. The NFRP layer is containing carbon nanofibers with agglomeration based on Mori-Tanaka model. The tangential shear deformation (TASDT) is applied for modelling of the structure and the continuity boundary conditions are used for coupling of the motion equations. In SMA connections between beam and columns, since there is phase transformation, hence, the motion equations of the structure are coupled with kinetic equations of phase transformation. The Hernandez-Lagoudas theory is applied for demonstrating of pseudoelastic characteristics of SMA. The corresponding motion equations are solved by differential cubature (DC) and Newmark methods in order to obtain the peak ground acceleration (PGA) and residual drift ratio for MRF-2%. The main impact of this paper is to present the influences of the volume percent and agglomeration of nanofibers, thickness and length of the concrete frame, SMA material and NFRP layer on the PGA and drift ratio. The numerical results revealed that the with increasing the volume percent of nanofibers, the PGA is enhanced and the residual drift ratio is reduced. It is also worth to mention that PGA of concrete frame with NFRP layer containing 2% nanofibers is approximately equal to the concrete frame with steel bars.

• 한국추진공학회지
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.46-52
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• 2018

액체산소 및 탄화수소를 사용하는 연소기의 고주파 연소불안정을 해석하기 위해 단순모델로서 Crocco의 $n-{\tau}$ 시간지연 연소모델을 적용하고, 음향과 커플된 연소기 내 유동에 대해 선형해석을 수행하였다. 변수분리를 통해 편미분 포텐셜함수 식을 원통좌표계 미분방정식으로 만들고, 연소기의 접선방향 공진모드에 대한 고유 값을 계산하였다. 분사면 및 노즐입구를 경계조건으로 적용하여 미분식의 해를 구했다. 시스템의 안정성 판정을 위해 전달함수를 주파수 해석 하였으며, 관심 영역 주파수인 1T 모드 주변 주파수에서 시스템 게인 및 위상각으로 안정성 여유를 평가하였다. 또한 1T 모드 안정성 향상을 위해 배플 길이 및 형상에 대한 영향을 평가하였다.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제2권4호
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• pp.535-542
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• 1995

이 논문에서 우리는 CM-5와 같은 초대형병렬컴퓨터에서 대형 이산선형체제를 풀기 위한 준비행렬로써 두 가지를 소개한다. 대다수의 초대형병렬컴퓨터들은 프로세서간의 통신을 메세지패씽(messagepassing)에 의존하는데 현재의 기술수준하에서는 이 통신속 도가 실수계산속도에 비해 매우 느리므로 종래의 메모리공유컴퓨터에서와는 달리 데이 터통신량을 최소화하는 알고리듬이 요구된다. 블록 SOR에 다중색채기법을 가미한 알고 리듬이 그 한 예로써 우리는 이를 CM-5에서 구현한 결과 N=512x512 행렬에서 프로세서 의 수가 16에서 512의 범위 하에서 50%의 효율을 실현하였다. 반면 종래의 효율적인 병렬 준비행렬로 알려진 AKI알고리듬은 방대한 량의 데이터통신 때문에 매우 열등한 결과를 보여준다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.355-374
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• 2016

This paper presents and compares a one-dimensional (1D) bending theory for piezoelectric thin beam-type structures with resistive-inductive electrodes to ANSYS$^{(R)}$ three-dimensional (3D) finite element (FE) analysis. In particular, the lateral deflections and vibrations of slender piezoelectric beams are considered. The peculiarity of the piezoelectric beam model is the modeling of electrodes in such a manner that is does not fulfill the equipotential area condition. The case of ideal, perfectly conductive electrodes is a special case of our 1D model. Two-coupled partial differential equations are obtained for the lateral deflection and for the voltage distribution along the electrodes: the first one is an extended Bernoulli-Euler beam equation (second-order in time, forth order in space) and the second one the so-called Telegrapher's equation (second-order in time and space). Analytical results of our theory are validated by 3D electromechanically coupled FE simulations with ANSYS$^{(R)}$. A clamped-hinged beam is considered with various types of electrodes for the piezoelectric layers, which can be either resistive and/or inductive. A natural frequency analysis as well as quasi-static and dynamic simulations are performed. A good agreement between the extended beam theory and the FE results is found. Finally, the practical relevance of this type of electrodes is shown. It is found that the damping capability of properly tuned resistive or resistive-inductive electrodes exceeds the damping performance of beams, where the electrodes are simply linked to an optimized impedance.

• 한국정보처리학회논문지
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• 제2권6호
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• pp.960-968
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• 1995

이 논문에서 우리는 CRAY-2에서 편미분방정식에서 발생하는 대형희귀 연립방정 식의 효과적인 벡터준비행렬을 만들기 위한 재배열방법을 제시한다. 이 재배열방법은 종래의 빨강/검정 배열의 선형 형태로써, ILU 준비행렬의 변형에 사용될 경우 필인 (fill-in)을 크게 하면 종래의 빨강/검정 재배열의 약점이던 수렴율의 감소를 극복할 수 있다. 우리는 CRAY-2에서 여러 가지 실험을 통해 우리의 주장을 입증한다. 또, 에러 행렬의 후로베니우스 놈을 계산한 결과도 우리의 주장과 일치한다.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제16권6호
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• pp.1023-1047
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• 2015

In this study, the optimal location of the MR fluid segments in a partially treated laminated composite sandwich plate has been identified to maximize the natural frequencies and the loss factors. The finite element formulation is used to derive the governing differential equations of motion for a partially treated laminated composite sandwich plate embedded with MR fluid and rubber material as the core layer and laminated composite plate as the face layers. An optimization problem is formulated and solved by combining finite element analysis (FEA) and genetic algorithm (GA) to obtain the optimal locations to yield maximum natural frequency and loss factor corresponding to first five modes of flexural vibration of the sandwich plate with various combinations of weighting factors under various boundary conditions. The proposed methodology is validated by comparing the natural frequencies evaluated at optimal locations of MR fluid pockets identified through GA coupled with FEA and the experimental measurements. The converged results suggest that the optimal location of MR fluid pockets is strongly influenced not only by the boundary conditions and modes of vibrations but also by the objectives of maximization of natural frequency and loss factors either individually or combined. The optimal layout could be useful to apply the MR fluid pockets at critical components of large structure to realize more efficient and compact vibration control mechanism with variable damping.