• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.410-414
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• 2004

Estimated liveweights, carcass characteristics, the proximate composition and amino-acid composition of the whole rib cut of the 10th/12th thoracic vertebrae have been determined for Jiulong-yak. The animal grows rapidly up to puberty at 2-3 years of age. At those ages, females reached 143.0$\pm$34.7 kg and 184.0$\pm$30.8 kg (SD) respectively, which was 60 to 80% of their mature weight at 6 to 7 yr old, then the rate of growth significantly slowed down. Males continued to rapidly increase body weight until an older age possibly due to the selection procedures. Animals included 20 males aged from 2.5 to 6.5 yr, seven females aged of 4.5 yr and 11 steers aged of 4.5-5.5 yr were slaughtered for carcass determination and chemical analysis of meat samples. Dressing-out percentage and ribeye area ranged from 48.53-55.04% and 48.02-68.56 $cm^2$ respectively, both of which differed by age and sex. Yak meat is scarlet in color and intramuscular marbling is poor. The 10th/12th rib-cut contained 24.99-31.93% dry matter; 19.98-22.58% protein; 2.52-10.86% fat and 0.93-1.00% ash. Meat from females and steers contained a higher percentage of fat than those from bulls. The pH of M. Longissimus dorsi measured at 24 h post-mortem ranged from 5.84-6.11. Amino acid composition was similar to that for other red meat, except for a lower content of methionine (1.26 g/100 g meat). The results indicated that yak meat can make a valuable contribution to the diets for the highlanders.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.83-90
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• 2000

Objectives : To assess the prevalence rate of dyslipidemia and the level of related factors in adolescents groups in Seoul and Yangpyong area. Methods : Design; School based survey during May-Jun 1996 in Seoul and Yangpyong county. Subject; 2,453 boys and girls, aged 13 to 19 years; 1,137 Seoul and 1,316 Yangpyong county. Main Outcome Measures; Prevalence rates of raised serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol, decreased HDL-cholesterol, obesity, and levels of energy intake and expenditure Results : Energy intake and fat intake of boys were higher than those of girls and they were higher in Seoul. Energy expenditure per day of boys was bigger than that of gins too. Prevalence rate of obesity was higher in boys of Seoul(15.2%) and girls in Yangpyong county(14.0%). Serum lipid profiles(total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-cholesterol) were higher among girls and all prevalence rates of dyslipidemia were higher in boys in Seoul and in girls in Yangpyong county. Especially, girls(29.1%) in Yangpyong had raised serum cholesterol level$(\geq170\;mg/dl)$. In contrast, boys in Seoul had higher level of decreased HDL-cholesterol(46.8%) compared to Yangpyong(23.6%). The relationships between serum lipid profiles and relative weights and sex are highly significant. And the relationship between triglycerides and energy intake is significant(p=0.038). But, the associations between serum lipid profiles and energy expenditure had borderline significances Conclusions : Hypercholesterolemia rates in girls were higher. Obesity prevalence rate was highest in boys of Seoul. Relative weight and sex are significantly related to lipid profiles. Therefore, Korea is in need of preventive strategies for different obesity and gender groups.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.79-86
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to understand a architectural characteristics of local church in Virginia, U. S. This study focuses on not only analyzing the worship and service program inherent in the site planning of local church but also introducing worship service space and chancel elements of it in the village of garden area. We surveyed five protestant churches where are located in suburban and rural area outside of Midlothian city in the early August, 2010. I surveyed church building site and worship service space of churches focused on platform design, interviewed the historical background and program of churches with ministers, and corrected annual calender and newsletter. The results of this study are as follows. First, the characteristics of site plan have a comfortable parking lots and site of churchyard(cemetery) with playground that can take an activities out of chapel. The axis of church building follows to front street. Second, worship services keep two types of traditional and comtemporary worship in order to consider of both adult and youth members. The worship hall has a balance of bilateral symmetry. Third, the form of platform is built that is able to perform a music drama and movement of sermon without only one church, GraceLand Church that church building has over fifty years, and they stick to simple traditional type of Chancel that is established by pulpit, table(altar), baptistery(only baptist church), music instruments, and so on.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.107-112
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• 1984

In order to develop the school dental health care in rural area, the author collected data about the population of all 6-17 year students living in Young dong-gun county, and Surveyed their dental health cares during one year of 1982. From the collected data, several dental health indices such as percentage of students of all population, percentage of students who visited dentists once or more during one year, average annual dentist visit and average annual dental treatment case were calculated and discussed. The obtained results were as follows; 1. The percentage of students of all population in Young dong-gun county was 29.65%. 2. The percentage of students who visited dentists once or more during one year was 4.67%. 3. The average annual dentist visit per student was 0.11. 4. The average annual dental treatment case per student was 0.16. 5. The oral examination case was 0.05, intraoral radiograph 0.01, oral prophylaxis 0.00, filling of dental carious lesion 0.02, pulp treatment 0.02, extraction of teeth 0.04, and others 0.02 annually in the average. In comparison with detectable need for dental treatment cases, oral prophylaxis was not supplied at all, filling of dental carious lesion was supplied about 1% and extraction of teeth was supplied about 10% of detectable need. 6. It was recommended that school incremental dental care project should be developed for school dental health programme in order to supply all of the detectable need for dental treatment.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.270-276
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• 2014

Seasonal characteristics of water and sediment qualities and potential effects of the freshwater discharge from a small tide embankment interior in a coastal area in Goheung county were investigated from May to September in 2012. Chemical oxygen demand values (COD) were mostly higher than 2 mg/L in summer ebb tide, which exceed the standard value of water quality criteria II of acceptable level for aquaculture activities. Nitrogen and phosphorus were found as the limiting nutrients for algae growth in summer and fall and in spring, respectively. Nitrogen was the limiting nutrient for diatom growth in the whole studied period. The sudden high values of COD, ammonia, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN), dissolved inorganic phosphorus (DIP) were found in water sample collected from station 5 which located in front of the tide embankment sluice gate during spring ebb tide. The freshwater discharge form the tide embankment interior maybe affected the survey areas during a short time interval. Mean values of eutrophication index of the surveyed coastal region in spring, summer and fall were all bigger than 1. Water quality was mostly considered at level II which acceptable for aquaculture activities. Sediment quality in this study was generally in the range of standard for fisheries environment.

• 한국농촌건축학회논문집
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.27-35
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• 2008

After researching 40 rural areas named 'valley' in Goesan County, Chungbuk Province, they are classified by 2 two classes. Firstly, villages located on the crossways valley are 22 of 40, they are located on the valley which is at right angles with a direction of light of a mountain range. A closed valley location is placed in the deep valley against a background mountain range. It is divided with closed large valley and small valley. Secondly, an open valley location style is 14 of 40. It means the villages are paralleled with a direction of mountain and located with same direction of entrance. This study is carried out to understand the characteristic of location in vernacular agricultural villages by judging from natural environment around the village. For this purpose, there were selected 3 villages of the valley categirized villages in Geosan Area which lean against valley. After classifying these sample by the morphorogical approach, according to compare them with pre-researched villages, the methodology of spatial structure was investigated in agriculture villages.

• 대한원격탐사학회지
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• 제22권5호
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• pp.325-335
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• 2006

This paper evaluates and maps the quality of life in the Atlanta, Georgia metropolitan area in 2000. Three environmental variables from Landsat TM data, four socioeconomic variables from census data, and a hazard-related variable from toxic release inventory (TRI) database were integrated into a geographic information system (GIS) environment for the quality of life assessment. To solve the incompatibility problem in areal units among different data, the four socioeconomic variables aggregated by zonal units were spatially disaggregated into individual pixels. Principal components analysis (PCA) was employed to integrate and transform environmental, socioeconomic, and hazard-related variables into a resultant quality of life score for each pixel. Results indicate that the highest quality of life score was found around Sandy Springs, Roswell, Alphretta, and the northern parts of Fulton County along Georgia 400 whereas the lowest quality of life score was clustered around Smyma of Cobb County, the inner city of Atlanta, and Hartsfield-Jackson International Airport. The results also reveals that normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) and relative risk from TRI facilities are two versatile indicators of environmental and socioeconomic quality of an urban area in the United States.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제31권11호
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• pp.923-931
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• 2022

The aim of this study was to analyze differences in the perception of Gangwon-do residents using a satisfaction survey. The residents were found to be most satisfied with sectors such as parks/green spaces, landscape, and public order; however, they were least satisfied with transportation, culture, sports, medical services, and welfare facilities. Additionally, among all the items in the satisfaction survey, job satisfaction was the lowest. When comparing satisfaction trends observed in the city to those of the county, the overall satisfaction of the county was found to be slightly higher. This result could be attributed to young people being underrepresented in this survey in conjunction with the greater policy-level support for middle-aged people by from the government and Gangwon-do. Therefore, it would be worthwhile to create policies that primarily support young people and to also to create high-quality jobs with stable pay and employment prospects. This could minimize the outflow of youth and even encourage their inflow to similar small provincial cities. In Southern region and Seorak region of Gangwon-do, the satisfaction with gap between house price and region was low, which might be related to the increased demand for real estate throughout this area.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제19권1호
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• pp.137-145
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• 1986

A Nationwide health care utilization survey was conducted from March 11 to September 19, 1985 to assess the level of illness and the magnitude of medical care utilization. A probability sample of 15,427 persons was taken from 180 Enumerated Districts designated by the Economic Planning Board. Of those 4,500 housewives were proxy respondents. A interview was conducted with pre-tested questionnaire schedule which was recorded by well trained interviewers. Age and sex compositions of the study population were similar to those of general population structure in 1985. The major findings of this survey are as follows : 1) A total of 64.5% of the study population lived in city area and 35.5% lived in county area. 2) While no difference was observed in interview rate between city and county area, it showed statistically significant difference in the medical security program coverage rate between the two areas(44.7% and 37.1%, respectively) 3) Morbidity rate was 79 per 1,000 persons during the two week periods. There was difference in age and sex adjusted morbidity rates between city and county area. Furthermore morbidity rates by the status of the program were significantly difference between the two areas. 4) Average ambulatory care utilization rate was 7.2 visits per person per year and average admission rate was 1.8 per 100 persons per year. There was significant difference in average ambulatory care utilization rate by the program. but no significant difference in medical utilization rate between city and country area. 5) The major symptoms of the perceived illness was the respiratory system(44.1%). 6) A total of 50.4% of the perceived illness among the covered group by the program were treated at the hospital and clinics, but those who are not covered used primarily drug stores(61.3%).

• 농촌지도와개발
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.173-185
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• 2005

This article indicates that the perceptions on the quality of agro-food are socially constructed. Farmers who were producing red pepper in Eumsung county had somewhat different perceptions on the quality of red pepper according to their own marketing channels. Farmers who were selling their red pepper to consumers by direct marketing tend to think the quality attributes more important as follows; information on producers, ingredients, taste and smell, amount of pesticides input, cleaning the harvested red pepper, quality certification by public authority, and brands. Consumers tend to think safety and production area more important, while farmers tend to think the quality attributes as follows; taste, color, variety, soil environment, and largeness. Based on these research findings, we can give some recommendations as follows; 1) the agricultural extension organization in the Eumsung county should change the strategy for local agriculture towards quality management of red peppers. and 2) the local government need to examine the feasibility of quality certifying on red pepper.