• 한국의류학회지
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• 제21권8호
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• pp.1396-1405
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• 1997

This study investigated country-of-origin effects by comparatively analyzing consumer attitude toward country-of-origin of imported apparel according to apparel product attributes. Fishbein attitude model was used. The effects of consumer characteristics such as attitude of consumers toward general imported apparel and demorgraphic variables on consumer attitude toward country-of-origin were also identified. Italy, U.S.A, Japan, Hong Kong, Korea were used as country of origin. Data were obtained from male and female subjects(total 570) aged mostly 20's. Statistical analysis showed: 1) Apparel product attributes were classified into 3 factors, expressive, instrumental and brand, which are the order of importance for purchasing. 2) Consumer indicated more favorable attitude toward 'made in 'Italy' nd made in 'Korea' in each attribute factor. 'Made in Korea' roducts were evaluated highest in expressive attribute factor but less favored than 'made in Italy' n brand attribute factor. 'Made in U.S.A and made in Japan' were evaluated favorable in instrumental factor, whereas 'made in Hong Kong' had the least favorable attitude in every attribute factor. 3) The uniqueness and good quality of imported apparel appeared to be the most strong variable in predicting consumer attitude toward each country-of-origin. 4) The attitude toward country of origin was different according to sex and age.

• 한국수자원학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국수자원학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.18-21
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• 2006

Though there are several definitions for the Northeast Asia, in this paper Northeast Asia is defined as the geographical sphere including five countries. Those five countries are China, the Democratic People's Republic of Korea, Japan, Mongolia and the Republic of Korea. For the announcement of regional preparatory process at the $4^{th}$ World Water Forum (4WWF), basic characteristics and main water-related issues were surveyed in the Northeast Asian countries. This paper is mainly composed of basic characteristics of each country, main water challenges, implemented strategies, successful experiences and local actions, etc. The five countries provided one's country report on the Government basis in 2004 to Korea Water Forum (KWF) as the coordinator of Northeast Asia for the 4WWF. KWF summarized the report of each country very briefly as follows.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권1호
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• pp.253-268
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• 2019

This paper analyses the characteristics of partner countries when multinational firms of Korea, China, and Japan make greenfield FDI in foreign countries. Particularly, this paper applies the gravity model for greenfield FDI flows for the period 2003-2017. This paper finds that multinational firms of Korea, as compared to those of China and Japan, are very significantly and negatively responsive to political risks of partner countries. In contrast, multinational firms of Korea as well as those of China and Japan tend to make greater amounts of greenfield FDI in financially high-risk countries. This result indicates that multinational firms from these three countries should take financial risks of partner countries into more serious consideration.

• 무역학회지
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• 제44권3호
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• pp.271-287
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• 2019

This paper reviews and analyzes the ethical issues of multinational corporations (MNCs) in Africa. First, we find that the transparency and institutions of a host country have a negative relationship with the number of ethical violations of the MNCs. Second, this covers the effects of industry characteristics on each category of ethical issues such as the human rights and the environment. Based on the database of "Ethical Consumer", we show that the Auto, Chemical, Finance, and Telecommunication industries are more likely to violate human rights issues, and that Mining, Oil, Cosmetics, and Chemical industries are more likely to pollute the environments. Further, the country of origin does matter: the US and Asian companies are more likely to be involved with the business ethics violations than are their European counterparts.

• 한국운동역학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.259-268
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• 2011

This study aimed to examine the kinematic characteristics of the national elite cross-country skiers' double poling technique and to provide the quantitative data for better performance. Four male elite cross-country roller skiers skied maximum velocity with Double Pole technique. The cycle characteristics with angles of elbow, hip, and knee joint were analyzed. The results showed that CM velocity of the body was increased with the third cycle, the cycle time and length were also increased. The poling time and recovery time rate showed with 32.79%, 67.44% respectively. The joint angles with elbow, hip and knee were $106^{\circ}$, $133.14^{\circ}$ $156.87^{\circ}$ at pole in event, $158.94^{\circ}$, $65.7^{\circ}$, $140.19^{\circ}$ at pole out event. Elite skiers should decrease double poling time rate and increase recovery time rate in order to improve the double poling performance. The cycle length and velocity of the double poling should be increased for the better performance. The elbow angle should be minimized at pole in event with maximum extension until pole out event. The hip and knee angles should be increased for the recovery phase.

• 동의신경정신과학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.85-94
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• 1995

To find out the difference of local characteristics, body and mental activity of Ramyon's habitual eater,THI guestion which is objects of students of high school in the city and country was carried. The results are as follows: 1.In comparison of eating and non-eating group of both male and female syudents, the mean value of eating group was high and showed the significance(P<0.001). 2. The eating group of city showed the higher mean value than country and it showed the significance(P<0.05). 3. In the eating group of city;the female had higher mean value than the male and showed no significance. In the eating group of city;the female had higher mean value than the male and showed significance(P<0.001). 4. In the eating group of male, the mean value of city was higher than country and showed significance(P<0.001). In the eating group of female, the mean value of city was igher than country, but showed no significance. As the results of the above,se know habitual eating of Ramyon give rise to spleen functional disouder and consepuently mental disorder resulting trom spirit-blood's original impediment and the variety of character, such varieties were different according to the characteristics of local and difference. Therefore, we'll study more detail aspents from now on.

• 산학경영연구
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• 제15권
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• pp.133-152
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• 2002

본 연구에서는 원산지가 소비자의 제품 선호도에 미치는 영향을 규명하고 이를 소비자의 정보처리 관점에서 상표원산지와 생산원산지 정보의 일치성(congruity)으로 설명하고자 하였다. 이를 위하여 상표는 같지만 국가를 달리한 제품을 사진으로 나타낸 실험자극을 개발하여 응답자에게 제시하고 제품의 선호도를 측정하였다. 제품은 관여도, 이성-감성, 사적-공적 개념 특성을 반영하여 녹음기, 스포츠화, 화장품, 휴지를 선정하였으며, 원산지로는 선진국(미국, 일본, 프랑스), 한국, 후진국(말레이시아)를 선정하였다. 원산지간 선호도 차이를 분석하기 위하여 다변량 반복측정방법을 선택하였으며, 두 제품간의 선호도 차이를 위하여 paired-t 검증이 사용되었다. 실증분석 결과 저관여이면서 사적 제품으로 판단되는 휴지를 제외하고 모든 제품에서 선진국 상표와 제품이 선호되었다. 즉, 다양한 제품특성을 반영한 제품군에서 원산지 효과가 있음을 보여 주었다. 그리고 제품선호도에서 상표원산지와 생산원산지 간에 정보 일치성(congruity)에 차이가 있는 지를 규명하였는데 상표원산지와 생산원산지간에 정보일치성이 있는 경우가 그렇지 않은 경우에 비하여 보다 선호성이 높은 것으로 나타나 원산지의 정보 일치성이 제품선호도에 있어 중요한 영향요인임을 보여주었다. 본 연구는 다양한 제품특성의 반영과 정보 일치성으로 원산지효과를 이해하게 하는 데 기여하여 원산지효과의 일반화 가능성을 높여 줄 수 있다고 판단된다.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제17권5호
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• pp.127-136
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• 2006

The intent of this study is to propose future planning guidelines and directions of the mixed-use buildings in the residential land development district in country-side cities, based on the concept that the neighborhood facilities are to be strategically laid out in a convenient location and planned in a proper manner for a healthy, safe, friendly and new neighborhood environment. For this purpose, seventeen mixed-use buildings which had been built in Shin-Eum housing development district in Gimcheon from 1995 until 2004 were chosen and investigated in terms of architectural characteristics in that process with surveying and analyzing those. The scope of investigation on case studies was that site size would be below 400 square meters, total area below 1500 square meters, and the number of stories below five stories high on the ground. Method of investigation on those was through field investigation, field photographs, recordings and drawings on those. Investigative contents have been divided and analyzed into the quantitative and qualitative factors in urban and architectural dimension. From results of quantitative investigations, five planning guidelines or directions could be obtained. From results of qualitative investigations, five planning guidelines or directions could be obtained. The criteria will be applied to new architectural developments of the neighborhood facilities linked with the small shops.

• 아동학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.55-69
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• 1994

The purpose of this study was to investigate methodological and theoretical problems in measuring the acquisition of national identity of in-country and over-seas Korean adolescents. The subjects consisted of 574 incountry and overseas (Chinese, Russia and Japan) Korean adolescents (total 509), 15 to 25 years of age. Data were collected with the use of a questionaire, the Scale of National Identity. The results were that (1) the concept of national identity was organized on two dimensions (cognitive vs. sociocultural). The former consisted of 6 cognitive characteristics (uniqueness, sameness, continuity, acceptability, respectability and royalty). The sociocultural dimension consisted of the cognition of 7 sociocultural characteristics (history, norm, fraternity, symbol, consanguinity, Korean language and nationality). Except for consanguinity, there was a close relationship within each and between the 6 cognitive characteristics. Also there was a close relationship within each and between the 7 sociocultural characteristics of national identity. (2) Some demographic variables, such as age of respondents, place of birth and level of understanding of Korean language contributed to acquisition of national identity. (3) Among several demographic variables, nationality was the most explainable.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2009

세계 여러 나라들은 국가마다 독특한 문화를 가지고 있으며 소비자들은 제품의 구입과 사용에 있어서 이러한 문화적 특성에 영향을 받는다. 따라서 글로벌 생산과 판매를 추구하는 기업들은 그 국가의 기술적 능력이나 물류체계, 시장접근성 등의 전형적 요인들 외에도 국가의 문화적 특성을 고려하여 마케팅 활동에 적용할 수 있어야 한다. 특히 스포츠 상품은 한 국가의 문화에 가장 밀접하게 관련되어 있어서 문화적 특성을 고려한 마케팅이 더욱 중요하다고 할 수 있다. 본 연구에서는 동양적 특성을 대표하는 한국과 서양적 특성을 대표하는 국가들 중 영국과 프랑스를 대상으로 문화적 특성과 스포츠상품에 대한 마케팅 활동의 관계를 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구방법으로는 잡지광고에 대한 내용분석을 사용하였다. 연구결과 한국과 프랑스는 유사한 문화적 특성을 가지고 있어서 유사한 광고전략이 사용되고 있으며, 한국과 영국은 이질적인 문화적 특성을 가지고 있어서 광고전략에도 더 많은 차이점이 존재한다는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 여성주의가 강한 한국과 프랑스에서는 좀 더 감성적인 광고전략이 사용되는 것을 확인할 수 있었고, 남성주의가 강한 영국에서는 좀 더 이성적인 광고전략이 사용되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.