• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.28 no.10
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• pp.1172-1177
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• 2004

The emission control of automobile has been intensified as a part of the countermeasure to decrease air pollution in the world. As the cars with an alternative fuel starts to get into the spotlight, the cars with low emission has been introduced and exhaust gas regulation forced in this country. These days, LPG vehicles, which infrastructure of fuel was already built up, and CNG vehicles are recognized for alternative fuel cars in this country. In this study, the constant volume combustion chamber was manufactured and used for experiments to obtain the combustion characteristics of propane mixture. The combustion characteristics was analyzed, with the change of supply conditions of propane fuel. Inside the combustion chamber, the maximum temperature increase with the initial pressure is going up. The burning velocity also seems to have the same characteristic as the temperature. However, the heat flux do not change much according to the theoretical correct mixture but it changes with the various initial temperature of the combustion chamber.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.31-50
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• 2015

This study analyzes traditional form and figurative characteristics of Ottchil Painting based on objective relics about long lasted Ottchil Painting and related literature as our country's national culture. Study range is among Lolang (Nangnang), Three Kingdom Dynastys (Koguryo, Baekje and Shilla), Unified Shilla Dynasty, Koryo Dynasty, Joseon Dynasty, Modern times and Contemporary. The method of study is after theoretical consideration of Ottchil Painting through related literature, adduced figurative characteristics of related Ottchil Painting by time period with case-study methods such as excavated relics and historical basis. Ottchil Painting consists of color, which is derived from Ottchil mixed with a mineral pigment of powder and various patterns and drawings using different techniques. The methods of Ottchil Painting are Myohoi, Yanggam, Gakhoik, Younma, Balsoa and Toiso. The techniques of Ottchil Painting of our country is established by splendid and unique for about 1,600 years revolved around Myochilchaehoi technique and Myoyuchaehoi technique started at Unified Shill a Daynasty and through Koryo, Joseon Dynasty, Modern times and Contemporary. Also, such this Ottchil Painting form of red in the inside and black in the outside, which is wood based, the rest is bamboo sheath and framework from Geonchil based and the figurative characteristics presented the traditional Patterns of Lotus, Phoenix, arabesque, bird, animal, cloud, marble and letter with red Ottchil, yellow Ottchil, or five colors Ottchil.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.59-78
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• 1999

Although recently vigorous studies on environmental crime have contribute criminal respects to be advanced in our country, most of them are focused on German discussions about the theory of environmental crime or environmental criminal law. As each countries in criminal legislation for environmental protection have some distinctive characteristics not found in others, the study which is more helpful to regulate environmental crime can be extend to other country in the view of comparative law. Thus this Article overviews especially the environmental criminal enforcement program involving civil and administrative enforcement in the United States. Notwithstanding that enforcement is an evolving phenomenon that only recently appeared on the scene, there is widespread public support for it. Once viewed as mere economic or regulatory offence lacking an element of moral delict, environmental crimes now provoke moral outrage and prompt demands for severe sanction and strict enforcement. Many major provisions of modem environmental acts that imposed criminal liability have been added or significantly restructured during the last decade. Notable among them are the imposition of the felony penalties for federal environmental crimes and the enactment of the endangerment crime in federal environmental law. This Article approaches the characteristics of environmental criminal enforcement form introducing major federal environmental acts. It develops the result that, considering the difference that exist between Korea and United States in environmental criminal law, our proper environmental regulatory framework can be constituted.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.24 no.4
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• pp.329-344
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• 2013

Metal furniture design in this study from the 1960s to the present period of office space by Metal furniture design Metal furniture for social factors in the development. In other words, social and economic characteristics, and the country's formative characterize metal office furniture design characteristics and the development of culture is to provide an opportunity to understand. The scope of this study, including the development of office automation in the 1960s, causing a drastic change in the world at the time of furniture developed in Germany, Italy, the United States, Japan, and examine each country's furniture and metal furniture from the 1960s to the present design trends in office organize, and research methods literature and various data classification by age and by extracting the key trends are established form. The results of this study and the design tends to obscure the distinction between two different aspects of the design appear rarely common or different forms of expression are characterized by two. This furniture range has expanded to use metal and metal to minimize the negative aspects of a conventional flexible image is designed to suit the tastes of modern design and metal furniture design, interior space, except that now it is considered that the most can be identified.

• Wind and Structures
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.15-34
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• 2011

Three wind-tunnel simulations of the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL) flow in suburban country exposure were generated for length scale factors 1:400, 1:250 and 1:220 to investigate scale effects in wind-tunnel simulations of the suburban ABL, to address recommended wind characteristics for suburban exposures reported in international standards, and to test redesigned experimental hardware. Investigated parameters are mean velocity, turbulence intensity, turbulent Reynolds shear stress, integral length scale of turbulence and power spectral density of velocity fluctuations. Experimental results indicate it is possible to reproduce suburban natural winds in the wind tunnel at different length scales without significant influence of the simulation length scale on airflow characteristics. However, in the wind tunnel it was not possible to reproduce two characteristic phenomena observed in full-scale: dependence of integral length scales on reference wind velocity and a linear increase in integral length scales with height. Furthermore, in international standards there is a considerable scatter of recommended values for suburban wind characteristics. In particular, recommended integral length scales in ESDU 85020 (1985) are significantly larger than in other international standards. Truncated vortex generators applied in this study proved to be successful in part-depth suburban ABL wind-tunnel simulation that yield a novel methodology in studies on wind effects on structures and air pollution dispersion.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.341-346
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• 2004

Performance Evaluation of end mills for high speed cutting has been performed in a view of dynamic characteristics and noise-vibration under operation. The tools tested in this research consist of three foreign country made and one korean made. In addition, numerical models using finite element method are established, which are confirmed by experimental results. The evaluation results has been feedback for developing high performance end mills fur high speed cutting tools.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.478-483
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• 2003

Performance Evaluation of end mills for high speed cutting has been performed in a view of dynamic characteristics and noise-vibration under operation. The tools tested in this research consist of three foreign country made and one korean made. In addition, numerical models using finite element method are established, which are confirmed by experimental results. The evaluation results has been feedback fur developing high performance end mills for high speed cutting tools.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.61-77
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• 2002

This paper reviews issues and methodological status of system dynamics and suggest some research agenda for its development in Korea. After reviewing some characteristics of system dynamics approach, including dynamic feedback perspective and endogenous point of view, the paper pointed out methodological characteristics of system dynamics. It seems to be the most notable characteristics of System Dynamics that it use both quantitative and qualitative approach in explaining and modelling reality. Besides, System Dynamicists rely more heavily on refutationism than instrumentalism and this allows System Dynamicists follow more strict way of scientific inquiry. For the development of System Dynamics in Korean academic circle, developing training program and curriculum, networking scattered System Dynamicist all over the country, would be the most important task.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.18 no.10
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• pp.507-517
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• 2018

This study is focused on analyzing the characteristics of repeat foreign tourists to Korea and suggest how to increase the repeat ratio. As the result of analysis, there were significant differences in the variables of sex, age, country in the case of demographic characteristics and in the variables of travel types, the number of company, the purpose of visit, accommodations, major visiting places and visiting areas in the case of travel characteristic. And also there were significant differences in the variables of accommodation fees per person and expenses per person in their own country in the case of travel expenses and in the variables of immigration formalities, public transportations, accommodations, foods, shopping, tourist attractions and security in the case of satisfaction. Lastly there were significant differences in the variables of revisit intention within 3 years, recommendation intention, the image of Korea(before trip) and the image of Korea(after trip) in the case of behavior intention after trip and image evaluation. Therefore it should be considered the characteristics of repeat foreign tourists when we make the tourism products to increase the repeat ratio.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.43 no.2
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• pp.50-58
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• 2018

Background: In terms of the Level 3 probabilistic safety assessment (Level 3 PSA), ingestion of food that had been exposed to radioactive materials is important to assess the intermediate- and long-term radiological dose. Because the ingestion dose is considerably dependent upon the agricultural and dietary characteristics of each country, the reliability of the assessment results may become diminished if the characteristics of a foreign country are considered. Thus, this study intends to evaluate and analyze the ingestion dose of Korean during a severe accident by completely considering the available agricultural and dietary characteristics in Korea. Materials and Methods: This study uses COMIDA2, which is a program based on dynamic food chain model. It sets the parameters that are appropriate to Korean characteristics so that we can evaluate the inherent ingestion dose of Korean. The results were analyzed by considering the accident date and food category with regard to the $^{137}Cs$. Results and Discussion: The dose and contribution of the food category depicted distinctive differences based on the accident date. Particularly, the ingestion dose during the first and second years depicted a considerable difference by the accident date. However, after the third year, the effect of foliar absorption was negligible and exhibited a similar tendency along with the order of root uptake rate based on the food category. Conclusion: In this study, the agricultural and dietary characteristics of Korea were analyzed and evaluated the ingestion dose of Korean during a severe accident using COMIDA2. By considering the inherent characteristics of Korean, it can be determined that the results of this study will significantly contribute to the reliability of the Level 3 PSA.