• 산업경영시스템학회지
• /
• 제41권2호
• /
• pp.159-166
• /
• 2018

The proliferation of information technologies made it possible to produce information products of different versions at much lower cost comparing to traditional physical products. Thus it is common for information product manufacturers to consider vertically differentiated product line for more profit through improved market coverage. Another salient characteristic of most information product is network externality. Existing researches dealing with vertical differentiation and network externality usually assumed oligopolistic market where vertically differentiated products are provided by competing companies, respectively. Moreover, they analyzed the essentially dynamic characteristic of network externality statically. In this study, different from the previous researches, the vertical differentiation strategy of a monopolistic company under network externality is dynamically analyzed. We used a two-period model to accommodate the dynamic feature of network externality. Based on the two-period model, the profit maximizing solutions are analyzed. The results showed that a monopolistic company has no incentive to differentiate products vertically when the network externality is absent. On the contrary, when the network externality exists, the monopolistic company can derive more profit by vertically differentiating the product line. It is also shown that, for more profit, the monopolistic company should keep the quality difference between the high quality product and the low quality product as greater as possible.

• KDI Journal of Economic Policy
• /
• 제34권2호
• /
• pp.17-40
• /
• 2012

본 논문은 불완전한 금융계약하에서 발생하는 자본투자의 외부성에 대하여 연구하였다. 계약이행의 불완전한 경우의 제약된 효율적 자원배분(constrained efficient allocation)의 문제를 풀었고, 완전 위험분담(full risk-sharing)이 가능하지 못한 경제상황에서는 자본투자가 양의 외부성을 갖는 것을 보였다. 경쟁균형에서 자본투자 한 단위의 증가는 경제주체의 파산가치(autarky value)를 증가시켜 경제 내에서 외부성을 발생시키는데, 이러한 외부성은 양의 자본소득과세에 대한 이론적 근거를 제시할 수 있으며, 정부는 이러한 외부성을 내생화시키기 위하여 양의 값의 선형자본세(linear capital tax rate)를 사용할 수 있다.

• Journal of Korea Trade
• /
• 제23권5호
• /
• pp.118-128
• /
• 2019

Purpose - This paper examines the international R&D contest in which the extent of intellectual property right (IPR) affects both the size of prize for the winning firm and the extent of positive spillover through cost of firms. Recognizing the possibility of incomplete protection of IPR, the present paper analyzes the effect of changes in the extent of IPR on payoffs to firms and social welfare. Design/methodology - This paper examines coordination of IPRs by countries in economic integration. The paper then develops a general model of international R&D contest with incomplete protection of IPR. An increase in the extent of IPR augments the share of the prize the winning firm can appropriate, while decreasing the positive cost externality. To derive sharper results, the paper considers the cases of linear and fixed spillovers. Findings - Under plausible assumptions, an increase in the IPR augments the payoff to each firm and the aggregate payoffs as well. The paper also shows that the number of firms participating in the R&D contest can be endogenously determined in the two-stage R&D contest. The higher the extent of cost spillover, and the larger the effective prize, the more firms participate in the international R&D contest. Originality/value - Existing studies assume that firms winning the R&D contest enjoy perfect IPR to the output of their R&D activities. This is a very restrictive assumption in that other firms can copy the new products or processes. By allowing for the incompleteness of the IPR, the present paper develops a more realistic model of R&D contest. The novelty of the present paper is to allow for the possibility that the higher extent of IPR increases the prize and decreases positive cost externality at the same time. The findings of the present paper can serve as a basis for government policy toward R&D activities of firms and protection of IPRs.

• 한국관개배수논문집
• /
• 제17권2호
• /
• pp.3-16
• /
• 2010

The subject of externality of agricultural water supply has been discussed in the OECD AC ( Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development Agriculture Committee) while argued between monsoon Asian developing countries and the agricultural product export nations (Australia, EU, etc). It argued that a 'positive' approach to multifunctionality views agriculture as an economic activity with multiple, interconnected outputs or effects, and a 'normative' approach interprets multifunctionality in terms of the multiple roles assigned to agriculture. and the agricultural product export nations insisted 'negative' approach to externality of agricultural water supply like causing water pollution. So, in this study, define the externalities (positive, negative and economic, environmental) in terms of the agricultural water supply and calculate benefit and cost each the externalities by cost estimation. As results, BC is calculated to 1.28 which means that it is more economical to agricultural water supply and shows that although the negative exernalities comes out while supply the agricultural water, it still more valuable to supply the agricultural water.

• 경영과학
• /
• 제26권3호
• /
• pp.169-184
• /
• 2009

Recently, mobile telecommunication businesses contend with each other to expand their customer base by using aggressive marketing strategies. In order to determine if there strategies are effective, customer's switching behavior needs to be studied. This study identifies and analyzes direct, indirect factors that may customer switching behavior : attractiveness of alternatives, network externality, and switching cost. Results reveals that attractiveness of alternatives, network externalities have a direct impact on customer switching behavior. These two factors also have moderating effects on customer switching behavior but the switching cost does not In short, network externalities and alternatives strategically determine the success of 3.5G service. In this regard, mobile business should improve their own attractiveness of alternatives by developing specialized service in 3.5G service.

• 경영과학
• /
• 제32권4호
• /
• pp.209-236
• /
• 2015

This study focuses on the network externality effect related to the platform supplementary services. This study designs the network externality of platform and suggests a supplementary service adoption model. Additionally, this study examines the moderating effect of demand forecasting for the platform. Using AMOS program, a structural equation modeling has been used to analyze the research model. The findings can be summarized as follows : First, we find out the structural relationship among the factors (usefulness, perceived value, purchase intention) affecting adoption of the supplementary services. Second, positive perception of platform flow can promote the platform interaction. Third, positive perception of present users based on platform can arouse friendly evaluation in the platform interaction. Fourth, loyalty to the platform brand can improve the perceived usefulness of supplementary services, but cannot lessen the resistance to supplementary service cost. In addition, the moderating effects of demand forecasting for the platform in the path leading from platform factors to supplementary service factors were identified. In conclusion, traditional brand strategy may be effective in platform marketing activities but the extent of performance in the strategy can appear to be quite different. Therefore, taking the relationship with network externality into consideration should be involved in the marketing strategy in platform.

• 디지털융복합연구
• /
• 제12권6호
• /
• pp.297-310
• /
• 2014

본 연구는 스마트폰의 킬러앱이 가지고 있는 특성(정보특성과 네트워크 외부성)이 전환비용과 고착화를 통하여 사용자의 스마트폰 사용간의 영향 관계를 알아보고, 킬러앱과 이동통신사의 지속적인 사용간의 영향을 조사하였다. 연구 결과, 정보특성과 네트워크 외부성은 전환비용과 고착화에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 전환비용은 고착화에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치지만 킬러앱의 지속적인 사용의도에는 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 고착화는 킬러앱의 지속적 사용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 전환비용과 킬러앱의 지속적 사용의도 사이에서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로 킬러앱의 지속적 사용의도는 이동통신사의 지속적인 사용의도에 긍정적인 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다.

• 자원ㆍ환경경제연구
• /
• 제12권1호
• /
• pp.75-90
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 도로혼잡의 외부효과를 제거하기 위한 정책방안으로 선행연구들이 제안한 피구세의 타당성 여부를 편익측면의 분석을 통해 재조명하고 있다. 본 연구는 예산제약 조건과 시간제약 조건하의 효용극대화 모형을 이용하여 고속도로 이용을 통해 얻을 수 있는 사적 한계편익과 사회적 한계편익을 규명하고 있다. 그 결과 본 연구는 사적 한계편익과 사회적 한계편익의 차이인 외부 시간비용 만큼을 피구세로 부과할 것을 제안하고 있다. 이 때 외부 시간비용은 고속도로 혼잡으로 인해 고속도로 이용자가 추가로 부담하는 한계시간비용의 가치를 나타낸다. 그리고 본 연구는 효용 극대화 모형을 통해 도출한 피구세의 크기와 이윤(또는 부)의 극대화를 통해 선행연구들이 도출한 피구세의 크기가 동일하다는 사실을 이론적으로 보여주고 있다. 아울러 본 연구는 효용극대화 모형을 통하여 사회적 평균혼잡비용과 사적 한계혼잡비용이 일치한다는 사실도 동시에 보이고 있다.

• 한국IT서비스학회지
• /
• 제20권2호
• /
• pp.13-31
• /
• 2021

Recently, delivery app services based on the O2O platform are increasing rapidly. Accordingly, various studies on O2O service have been conducted. Most of the studies are on consumer behavior in O2O services, and few studies on platform vendors have been conducted. Therefore, this study empirically analyzed the factors affecting the vender's intention to continuous use in the O2O delivery app platform service. Based on prior researches, we set the quality characteristics and network characteristics of the O2O platform as independent variables. The quality characteristics of the O2O platform consisted of system quality, information quality, and service quality, and the O2O platform network characteristics consisted of network externality and platform reputation. Perceived value and switching cost were set as mediated variables, and vender's intention to continuous use was set as dependent variables. For empirical analysis, we conducted a survey targeting vendors of O2O delivery app platform service, and conducted frequency analysis, factor analysis, reliability analysis, and regression analysis. As a result of the analysis, the quality characteristics of the O2O platform, such as system quality, information quality, service quality, and O2O platform network characteristics, showed that network externality and platform reputation had a positive effect on perceived value. The perceived value was found to have a positive effect on the switching cost and the intention to continuous use, and the switching cost was found to mediate the perceived value and the intention to continuous use. This study can contribute to the establishment of platform operation strategy as an empirical analysis on the factors that influence the intention of O2O platform vendors to use the platform continuously.

• 경영과학
• /
• 제26권1호
• /
• pp.21-35
• /
• 2009

There is a controversy on Internet pricing, flat-rate vs. usage-based. This study gives a comparative analysis between flat-rate and two-part tariff which is realistic alternative of usage-based pricing. In a basic economic model, two-part tariff based on ISP's cost structure satisfies allocative efficiency and relatively expand the number of subscribers. But the characteristics of Internet service like consumers' uncertainty on cost, measurement cost of traffic and network externality induce increase of cost or decrease of marginal utility. The analysis shows that small impact of these can make flat-rate more efficient.