• Management & Information Systems Review
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• v.5
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• pp.185-209
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• 2000

A review of shows that past research has focused predominately on foreign market entry strategy issues in relatively well-established firms. These studies have either ignored venture firms or have failed to treat these firms separately. Only recently, researchers have broadened their search to include aspects of the foreign market investment of the venture. The purposes of this study are to identify and explain the impact factors such as ownership specific advantage, transaction cost, and location specific advantage on the choice of foreign market entry strategy for venture firms. To find the perceived the foreign market entry strategy and determinant factors, 130 venture CEOs from the computer and communications equipment industries were asked to describe their venture's foreign market entry strategy through 17 questionnaire items on competitive method. Using factor analysis, the six determinant factors were categorized. To test the relationships between the foreign market entry strategy and factors such as ownership specific advantage, transaction cost, and location specific advantage, the data collected by questionnaire from 92 ventures. The main results of this research are as follows. First, the factors of ownership specific advantage have partially significant impact on the foreign market entry strategy of venture firms, Second, the factors of transaction cost have significant impact on their foreign market entry strategy. Third, the factors of location specific advantage have significant impact on their foreign market entry strategy. This study has produced evidence to demonstrate that the foreign market entry strategy profile of venture firms can be distinguished from those of relatively well-established firms. An expanded study would allow for stronger conclusions regarding the relative explanatory power of individual variables in the method. Additional research is also needed to examine other determinant variables connecting foreign market entry strategy.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Building Construction Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.136-141
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• 2001

If we build new building after demolition of commercial building that is located in the downtown, it will be caused a social and environmental problem as wasting of resources and generating of waste. In this study, I investigated about remodel ins, this conclusion is given below. 1. Reconstruction cost is 2.1 times, and construction period is 1.4 times as much remodeling. So remodeling has an advantage. 2. For repairing and reinforcing timeworn building, we reinforced it as using carbon fiber sheet (girder, slab) and injecting method steel plate bonding Also, we tried to maintain efficiency of new building as using epoxy to protect concrete crack. 3. In the side of waste products and cost, remodeling has much more advantage than reconstruct. But demolition used construction period much. Because it had to be reused as repairing and reinforcing. And there was no difference between remodeling cost and reconstruct cost. If we develop research with enterprise.university.laboratory to exploit material and equipment and to train specialized engineer who will has a capacity to know construct repair and reinforce, it can be attribute to prevail remodeling in new construct market.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Navigation
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.35-65
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• 1995

The development of Korean shipping industry is maybe defined into three development stages-industry fixing stage, industry coordinating stage, industry development stage-. The development of shipping industry has been depended on the geovernment/authority role such as shipping policy, system, law, rules and regulations. In 1983, Korean shipping industry reorganization and coordination by shipping authority have made our shipping industry on the stable condition together with each company's efforts. Today's world economic environment such WTO/UR negotiation results get this government role limited. According to the being reduced government role, each company's competitive advantage power becomes more important. Besides, korean shipping industry is exposed into the entire and bitter world competition. In order to win and prevent the world shipping competition, it is necessary to look out the competitive advantage power of Korean shipping industry. The first purpose of this study is the situation analysis for competitive advantage power of Korean shipping industry. The second is to compare with our shipping policies with foreign ones concerned with ship, cargo, crew, tax and others. But in order to compare with foreign shipping, this study need their shipping statistics data, this study has some limit of the foreign data. This study has been carried on the basis of the following items. 1. Shipping environment, 2. Ships and ship acquirement(shipbuilding/purchasing), 3. Oceangoing cargo and ship's stowage rate, 4. Human factor in shipping-crew, 5. The incomes and costs in finacial statements. We have some conclusions as following through the this study. First, Korean shipping industry environment-competitive disadvantage situation- has changed rapidly due to the shipping market opening, free market entering of foreign shipping. Second, Korean shipping is disadvantageous due to the high tax rate and financing conditions in connection with ship acquirement. In order to improve the competitive advantage power, the shipping tax system and ship financing conditions should be reviewed to profitable for owners. Third, but both world and Korean oceangoing cargoes quantity have been increased annualy, Korean ship's cargo stowage rate is being decreased. This is serious situation but Korean shipping take well use of foreign vessel with hire. It is recommended to take use of owner's vessel and hired ones in the long range view, considering the world shipping management. But the number of crew has been decreased by 2, 000~3, 000 annualy, it is desirable that the long sea-experienced crew have been increased. Almost of owners usauly complain the crew cost is the main obstacles to competitive advantage power. Human factor is the most important firm's asset. All owners should pay attention to this though, and invest the proper budget to training, education, welfare as much as possible. In the long run this effects could be feedback to owners. Fifth, We must improve the financial statements structure, that is, the first step is to increase income, the second is to decrease cost, the third is to increase income on the same cost, the fourth is to decrease cost on the same income. It is essential to find out what the urgent investment is and what unnecessary cost is. At last, in order to competite world shipping race, each shipping firm must try for himself to retain the power. The government/authority is no longer dependable. I believe that each firm's power will be the industry's power, the industry's power will be the nations's power.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.17-24
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• 2010

As various social problems occur due to increasing traffic accidents, the government has setup and executed strong safety policies. As a result, the number of traffic accidents and the death toll have been decreasing in recent years. However, the setup and execution of the various policies for reducing traffic accidents cost much, so it is necessary to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of each policy. In the present study, enforcement by means of an unmanned over-speed enforcement system, the enforcement effect of which was proven good compared to the cost required for traffic enforcement, is compared with enforcement by policemen. As a result of the comparison, the average speed was 82.66 km/h before the use of unmanned systems and policemen; the average speed with manned enforcement was 70.57 km/h; and the average speed with unmanned systems was 67.85 km/h. The speed limit violation rate was 65% before the use of unmanned systems and policemen; 32% with manned enforcement; and 15% with unmanned systems. Considering the kinds of vehicles, the average speed and violation rate were highest among private cars, then vans, and then trucks.. Considering lanes. The accident rate was estimated based on the above results, and the input cost-to-advantage was estimated. The annual cost-to-advantage was estimated by comparing the above estimated values with the conditions before the unmanned over-speed enforcement system. Subsequently, the enforcement by policemen showed a negative advantage of 76,130,590 won, and the enforcement by the unmanned system showed a positive advantage of 38,577,670 won.

• Journal of Korea Port Economic Association
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.209-237
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• 2005

To gain a national competitive advantage in Northeast Asia, Northeast Asia logistics hub strategy was undertaken by Korean Government. Korean Government had published Northeast Asian Logistics Hub Roadmap including the upbringing of total logistics providers to solve the high logistics cost which weakens the competitive advantage of Korean companies. To solve the high logistics cost, the Government had revised the Korean Physical Distribution Promotion Law for the introduction of certification system of the total logistics provider and enacted the Rules on the Certification of Total Logistics Provider and is going to introduce the certification system of total logistics provider. In this certification system, third party logistics related point is very high, the success in this certification system depends on the strategic alliances of the small and medium size logistics companies. The purpose of this paper is to study certification system of the total logistics provider and contribute to gain the competitive advantage of total logistics provider as global logistics provider.

• Plant Journal
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.56-61
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• 2010

In this paper, an integrated management software is developed to promote the business competitive power. The interoperability among the software accounts for an ever growing performance of petrochemical plant project. If the interoperability is built up, company has taken advantages of quality, schedule, cost, and safety by active communication. The advantage of an integrated management software is examined in three aspects. In efficiency aspect, It takes advantage of the saving about the various information and the standard of project performance procedure. In quality, the integration gave aid to a quality improvement through team collaboration and data management within project life cycle. In cost, poor communications between systems waste 30% of project costs. If information could be inputted once and used by all, reductions in delivery time up to 40% were possible. Therefore, 10% savings of engineering cost was also possible.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Railway
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.173-179
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• 2004

This paper describes a low-cost single-phase active power filter, which consists of a half-bridge PWM inverter with a simple control circuit. In order to verify the performance of proposed active power filter, many computer simulations with EMTP codes and experimental works with a hardware prototype were done. Both results confirm that the proposed active power filter shows excellent performance to eliminate the harmonics generated in the single-phase non-linear load. The active power filter has advantage of low implementation cost and compact size, using a half-bridge inverter and a simple control circuit with only one current sensor. So, it can be fabricated as a plug-in type. This paper shows the necessity and a good possibility to apply such advantage to the electric railway system.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2022.05a
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• pp.45-47
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• 2022

Mobile edge computing (MEC), which enables mobile terminals to offload computational tasks to a server located at the user's edge, is considered an effective way to reduce the heavy computational burden and achieve efficient computational offloading. In this paper, we study a multi-user MEC system in which multiple user devices (UEs) can offload computation to the MEC server via a wireless channel. To solve the resource allocation and task offloading problem, we take the total cost of latency and energy consumption of all UEs as our optimization objective. To minimize the total cost of the considered MEC system, we propose an DRL-based method to solve the resource allocation problem in wireless MEC. Specifically, we propose a Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C)-based scheme. Asynchronous Advantage Actor-Critic (A3C) is applied to this framework and compared with DQN, and Double Q-Learning simulation results show that this scheme significantly reduces the total cost compared to other resource allocation schemes

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.113-127
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• 2002

The effort for software process improvement is lately surging its interest though it does not satisfy both developer and receiver In terms of low productivity, quality, delay and increasing cost. According to current research, software process improvement contributes to improvement of productivity, its Duality, reduction of development time and cost, and the prediction of the time limit for delivery, which means software process improvement affects competitive advantage among developers. The latest research is whether the investment for information technology substantially had effect on improvement of productivity. That is, software process improvement and maturity of software industries has influence upon economic efficiency and as a result, it plays an important role in whole industries. This research is that how does software process improvement using CMM (Capability Maturity Model) and SPICE (Software Process Improvement and Capability dEtermination) have a effect on factors of software engineering, and how does it have influence upon competitive advantage among SI firms. For this research, reusability, customizability, participation, and review & inspection are set to independent variable and process flexibility and process predictability are set to mediate Variable. Finally, competitive advantage among SI firms Is set to dependent variable. The targets for survey are laborers who work for SI firms. The result of this research is as follows: 1 ) Reusability, Customizability and participation is not rejected but review and Inspection is rejected in process flexibility which has significant level 0.05. 2) Reusability, Customizability and participation is not rejected but review and inspection Is rejected in process predictability which has significant level 0.05. 3) Process flexibility is not rejected and process predictability Is rejected in the competitive advantage of 51 industries which has significant level 0.05

• East Asian Journal of Business Economics (EAJBE)
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 2021

Purpose - This study aims to analyze 7-Eleven's specific competitive advantage strategy according to changes in the Japanese convenience store industry by selecting 7-Eleven, a leading company in the Japanese convenience store industry, as a representative case study. Research design, data, and methodology - Due to the current COVID-19 situation, fact-finding such as interviews with key managers through visiting surveys was not possible, so this case study was carried out based on the literature such as official and unofficial data collected from the companies through e-mail and articles that have been published outside. Result - As a result of the analysis, the researcher found that five competing strategy factors, such as dominant strategy, innovative logistics system strategy, information system development strategy, joint product development strategy, and direct communication strategy have closely maintained the mutual relation to form a combined strategy focusing on the franchise development strategy. Conclusion - The competitive advantage of 7-Eleven is thought to have secured its competitive advantage by combining the five competitive strategies complementarily for rapid response to change, cost advantage, and differentiated advantage. The management implications specified in this study can be considered a reference for establishing a competitive strategy for sustainable growth of the convenience store industry in the fierce competition and saturated market environment of Korean convenience stores.