• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.35 no.2
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• pp.423-432
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• 2018

Arthrospira platensis is one of the oldest algae in the world and has been reported to have anti-aging properties, including phycocyanin, tocopherol and beta-carotene. In this study, we tried to search protective activities against UVB-induced reactive oxygen species(ROS) of Arthrospira platensis under indoor cultivation ethanol extracts(ICAE) and outdoor cultivation ethanol extracts(OCAE). The anti-oxidative capacities were evaluated by DPPH radical scavenging activity and SOD-like activities at various concentrations(0.1, 0.5, $1mg/m{\ell}$) of ICAE and OCAE. Zebrafish embryos and HaCaT cells were exposed to UVB radiation and treated with various concentrations(0, 0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, $1mg/m{\ell}$) of ICAE and OCAE. ROS levels of zebrafish and HaCaT cells were generated by UVB radiation. ROS levels were detected using a fluorescent microscope after DCFH-DA staining. The DPPH radical scavenging activity of ascorbic acid was 73% and SOD-like activity was 86% in the positive control group. ICAE and OCAE at $1mg/m{\ell}$ concentration showed 43, 57% DPPH radical scavenging activity and 20, 19% SOD-like activity. Anti-oxidative of ICAE and OCAE had lower effects than the positive control ascorbic acid but significant results. ROS of UVB-induced zebrafish embryos and HaCaT cells were higher than negative control. ICAE and OCAE treated group decreased ROS concentration dependently than UVB-induced positive control group. These results suggest that Arthrospira platensis ethanol extract may have usability value as a cosmetic material for skin protection.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.37 no.5
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• pp.1285-1297
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• 2020

In this study, we report the results of a study on the clinical evaluation of wrinkle improvement by developing a method for liposome of high-purity Centella asiatica extract used in pharmaceuticals and cosmetics, and a cream using the same. In order to make Centellasome-10EX stabilizing centella asiatica extract in liposome lamella vesicle, it could be completed using 5% hydrogenated lecithin and 2% sucrose distearate. The appearance of Centellasome-10EX was a creamy form of low viscosity, the color was pale yellow, and the odor had the inherent odor of the raw material. The pH was about 6.12, the specific gravity was 1.09, and the acid value was about 0.35. The content of the main constituents of centella asiatica extract contained in the liposome vesicle contains 10,800 ppm of asiatic acid, 10,900 ppm of asiaticoside, 6,000 ppm of madecasic acid, and 1,600 ppm of madecassoside, and long-term storage. There was no discoloration even at the time, and it was found that the main component remained stable thermodynamically. To mechanistically analyze the structure of the liposome vesicle of Centellasome-10EX, as a result of observation with a transmission electron microscope (Cryo-TEM), the multilayer vesicles are formed and filled with moisture, and there are 10 to 60 multilayers around it. It was confirmed that the liposome lamella vesicle was formed. As a clinical trial (in-vivo) test, the moisturizing effect of centellasome cream after application for 5 weeks was 28.3%, which was significantly increased compared to placebo. The skin elasticity effect was 13.6%, which significantly increased the moisturizing power than the placebo. The effect of improving fine wrinkles around the eyes was improved by 23.52% compared to placebo cream. Through the results of this study, it was possible to study the formulation and manufacturing method for encapsulation and stabilization of the developed Centellasome-10EX in the liposome vesicle. It is expected that the results obtained through clinical research on the wrinkle improvement effect of the cream using this can be widely used to study skin science in the cosmetic industry and to develop high-quality cosmetics with high efficacy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.271-277
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• 2006

A mechanically pressed juice of Bokbunja (Rubus coreanus Miq.) extract was prepared using 70% ethanol solution. The extract was subjected to gamma-irradiation treatment (20 kGy) and investigated for its change of color and biological activities. Hunter $L^*$ values of the irradiated Bokbunja extract were increased in comparison with the non-irradiated extracts, and the $a^*\;and\;b^*$values decreased by the irradiation treatment. The content of the total phenolic compounds in the non-irradiated and irradiated extracts were 58.4 and 56.5 mg/g, respectively. The 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl(DPPH) radical scavenging activities of non-irradiated and irradiated extracts at a 250 ppm level were 80% and 79%, respectively. Lipid oxidation was retarded by addition of Bokbunja powder. Nitrite scavenging activity was the highest in the Bokbunja powder at pH 1.2 and the effect was not changed by irradiation. The Bokbunja powder showed antimicrobial activity against Salmonella Typhimurium and Bacillus cereus. However, irradiation of Bokbunja did not affect any physiological functions (p>0.05). A Salmonella mutagenicity assay indicated that the irradiated Bokbunja extract did not show any mutagenicity. Therefore, Bokbunja extract could be used in various applications as a functional material, such as ingredients of food and cosmetic, compositions with functions.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.39 no.1 s.258
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• pp.35-41
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• 2006

Background: The radial arteries are being used more often for coronary artery bypass grafting, We tried to the endoscopic radial artery harvest to reduce the cosmetic problems and neurologic complications of the conventional open harvesting and report the techniques and early results. Material and Method: The 86 patients underwent coronary artery bypass grafting between May 2003 and April 2005 had their nondominant radial artery endoscopically removed through a 2 cm incision at the wrist. The radial pedicle was dissected and was divided at antecubial area through a 5 mm counterincision. Result: The 23 patients complained of neuralgias on territory of superficial raidal none but no one complained of neuralgias on territory of lateral antebrachial cutaneous none. There was no functional impairment of the hand. There was no wound complication except a localized hematoma. All patients were contacted by telephone after postoperative 7.9$\pm$3.6 months. The 4 patients still complained of neuralgia. All the patients were satisfied with the aesthetics of the wounds. The multidetectional tomography was done on the 66 patients for the estimation of early patency of radial artery. There were 2 cases of stenosis and a case of occlusion. Conclusion: Endoscopic radial artery harvest had no functional impairment of the hand, lesser rate of neurologic complications and outstanding aesthetics. The results of early patency of the radial artery was similar to conventional methods. Therefore, we think that endoscopic radial artery harvest is the optimal procedure.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.18 no.1
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• pp.20-28
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• 2020

This study was conducted to determine the antioxidant, nitrite scavenging, melanin tyrosinase inhibitory, and melanogenesis inhibitory activities of fermented Coix lacryma-jobi L. var. mayuen Stapf. by Hericium erinaceum (Bull.: Fr.) mycelial hot water extract (FCLHE). Additionally, we analyzed β-glucan and ergosterol contents in FCLHE and C. lacryma-jobi hot water extract (CLHE). The ergosterol and β-glucan contents in FCLHE were 740.2 mg% and 245.3 mg%, respectively, whereas these components were not detected in CLHE. FCLHE showed higher cell viability than CLHE. When B16F10 cells were treated with 500 ㎍/mL each of CLHE and FCLHE, the FCLHE treated cells produced 8.9 uM nitric oxide (NO), which was lower than that produced by CLHE treated cells (10.6 uM). The FCLHE treated cells showed significantly greater tyrosinase inhibition and melanin production at all tested concentrations than when compared to the CLHE treated group. Antioxidant parameters such as DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities were higher in FCLHE than in CLHE. These results suggest that FCLHE can be used as a raw material for functional foods, for food additives, and in the cosmetic industry.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.34 no.8
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• pp.621-625
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• 2001

For many years, 10mm videothoracoscope has been widely used in bullectomy of primary spontaneous pneumothorax. However we used a 2mm videothoracoscope to minimize operative wound. Thus, we compared the clinical results of bulllectomy using 2mm videothoracoscope with bullectomy using 10mm videothoracoscope. Material and method: We analyzed 118 patients who underwent VATS for primary spontaneous pneumothorax from April, 1998 to December, 2000. 2mm videothoracoscope was used in 53 patients(Group A) and 10mm videothoracoscope was used in 65 patients(Group B). The mean age was 20.2$\pm$6.9 years old in group A and 20.1$\pm$6.1 years old in group B. The mean follow up was 10.9$\pm$3.8 months in group A and 11.4$\pm$4.3 months in group B. Result: The operation time was shorter in group A than group B(55.7$\pm$22.9 minutes, 71.2$\pm$21.4 minutes, p<0.05). The duration of postoperative hospital stay was shorter in group A than group B(7.2$\pm$3.2 days, 9.2$\pm$3.6 days, p<0.05). The duration of postoperative chest tube indwelling was shorter in group A than group B(4.7$\pm$3.1 days, 6.3$\pm$2.8 days, p<0.05). The duration of postoperative air leakage(0.6$\pm$2.1 days, 1.0$\pm$2.4 days, p>0.05), the amount of analgesics(1.38$\pm$1.0 ampules, 1.7$\pm$1.4 ampules, p>0.05), the amount of analgesics(1.38$\pm$1.0 ampules, 1.7$\pm$1.4 ampules, p>0.05), postperative complications(2 cases, 7cases, p>0.05) and recurrences(1 case, 1 case, p>0.05) were not statistically different between two groups. Operative wound was smaller in group A than B. Conclusion: There were non adverse results in group A than group B. Furthermore, bullectomy using 2mm videothoracoscope brought us minimized operative wound and good cosmetic results. Thus, we could recommend bullectomy using 2mm videothoracoscope in primary spontaneous penumothorax.

• Journal of Life Science
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• v.27 no.4
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• pp.383-389
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• 2017

This study intends to analyze the contents of rutin, procyanidin B3, quercetin, kaempferol, known to have antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-carcinogenic effects, among the polyphenol type contained in the grape pruning stem extracts (GPSE), utilizing grape stems being discarded after harvest, measure the effects on the skin moisture, inhibition of skin cell proliferation, anti-inflammatory on the damaged skin of a HR-1 mice induced with UVB, and verify the applicability as a material for functional food and functional cosmetics. The results of verifying the photoprotection effects through the skin proliferation control through of GPSE showed similar result to suncream was achieved at the GPSE concentration of 2,000 mg/kg on the epidermis (p<0.05). The results showed anti-inflammatory effects on all groups applied with GPSE as compared to the control group irradiated with UVB, but at the GPSE concentration of 1,000 mg/kg, a lower COX-2 protein expression at 8%, lower than the 22% of suncream, was observed to achieve an excellent anti-inflammatory effect (p<0.05). The results of this study confirmed the existence of active polyphenol type, such as rutin, kaempferol, querocetin and procyanidin B3, within the GPSE, and GPSE has improvement effects on moisturizing effects, skin proliferation control effect, inflammatory control effect and improvement effects on the skin barrier function through UV ray damage. GPSE is a functional ingredient with a potential for skin protection effects, and has high utilization as an ingredient for functional food and functional cosmetics.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.46 no.5
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• pp.562-571
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the anti-oxidant activities [electron-donating ability (EDA), 2,2'-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging ability, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) inhibitory activity], anti-wrinkle activities [collagenase inhibitory activity, suppression and/or phosphorylation of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs), and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase activity], and mRNA expression levels using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) assay in ultraviolet (UV) B ray ($50mJ/cm^2$)-irradiated human keratinocyte HaCaT cells. Josaengheugchal, Sinneungheugchal (SE), Shintoheug rice, Heugjinju rice, and Heugseol (HE) among colored rice varieties were reported to have excellent antioxidant properties. In the EDA and ABTS radical scavenging assays, extracts of the five colored rice varieties had scavenging activities of 72% at concentrations higher $50{\mu}g/mL$. In the collagenase inhibition assay, ethanol extracts of the five colored rice varieties showed high inhibitory effects of about 60% at concentrations higher $25{\mu}g/mL$. In the ROS inhibition assay, ethanol extracts of HE and SE showed very excellent inhibition efficacies at all concentrations. We determined molecular biological mechanisms of MMPs (MMP-1, -3, -8, and -13) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) with HE, and the results show that HE suppressed expression of MMPs and phosphorylation of MAPK and increased expression of pro-collagen type I in UVB-irradiated cells. It was also confirmed by RT-PCR that HE reduced expression of MMPs mRNA. Therefore, these results suggest that HE has anti-wrinkle and collagen production effects and may be used as a material in the development of functional food and cosmetic industries.

• Food Science and Preservation
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.234-241
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• 2013

The phenolic compounds of water extracts from Prunella vulgaris were highest at 9.25 mg/g, respectively, when various extraction solvents were used. The optimum condition for extracting phenolic compounds from Prunella vulgaris was extraction in water for 18hr. The DPPH-scavenging activities of Prunella vulgaris were highest at the water extracts. The ABTS radical cation decolorization was higher than 40% in the range of 0~100% ethanol extract section. The antioxidant protection factor on the lipophilic phenolic metabolites was shown to be 1.1 PF in the water extracts from Prunella vulgaris. The TBARS was lower than the control ($0.53{\mu}M$) in all the sections. The tyrosinase inhibitory effect, which is related to skin whitening, was above 40%, and for the anti-wrinkle effect, the elastase inhibition activity was above 40% at 0.2 mg/mL. The astringent effect of the Prunella vulgaris 40% ethanol extracts was 98.1% at 1 mg/mL. As a result, it can be concluded that Prunella vulgaris has the potential to be used as a cosmetic material.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.294-298
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• 1999

Background: Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery(VATS) has been established as a new method for treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax. We compared the clinical results of VATS with those of thoracotomy performed during the recent 5 years. Material and Method: We analyzed 126 patients whose medical records were available among the 154 patients who underwent operations for spontaneous pneumothorax from 1992 to 1996. The mean age was 27.1 years(15 to 75 years). 87 patients were operated on by VATS(Group A) and the other 39 by thoracotomy(Group B). The mean follow-up period was 14.7 months. Result: The operation time was shorter in group A than in group B(90.6${\pm}$38.6minutes: 117.2${\pm}$58.9minutes, p<0.05). The duration of postoperative hospital stay was shorter in group A than in group B(6.7${\pm}$4.2: 9.4${\pm}$3.3 days, p<0.05). The amount of analgesics(nalbuphin HCl, ketoprofen) used postoperatively were 2.4${\pm}$2.8 ampules in group A, which is less than the 6.5${\pm}$5.6 ampules in group B(p<0.05). The number of staples used in group A was smaller(2.7${\pm}$1.3 in group A, 1.76${\pm}$1.1 in group B, p<0.05). The duration of chest tube indwelling(4.3${\pm}$4.0 days in group A, and 5.6${\pm}$3.0 days in group B, NS), the recurrence rate(13.8% in group A, 2.6% in group B, NS), and the duration of air leakage(1.3${\pm}$3.3 days in group A, and 1.0${\pm}$2.5days in group B, NS) were not statistically different between the two groups. Conclusion: The application of VATS for the treatment of spontaneous pneumothorax has brought in better clinical results(shorter operation time, shorter hospital stay, less pain, and better cosmetic merits) than the thoracotomy without increasing any morbidity. However no advantages in recurrence rates and duration of postoperative air leakages are revealed.