• Title/Summary/Keyword: Cos system

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A STUDY ON CHARACTERISTICS OF DEFUZZYFICATION METHODS IN FUZZY CONTROL

  • 송원경;이종필;변증남
    • Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Intelligent Systems Conference
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    • 1997.11a
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    • pp.98-103
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    • 1997
  • Defuzzification plays a great role in fuzzy control system. Defuzzification is a process which maps from a space defined over an output universe of discourse into a space of nonfuzzy(crisp) number. But, it's impossible to convert a fuzzy set into a numeric value without losing some information during defuzzification. Also it's very hard to find a number that best represents a fuzzy set. Many methods have been used for defuzzification but most of then were problem dependent. There has been no rule which guides how to select a method that is suitable to solve given problem. Here, we have investigated most widely used methods and we have analyzed their characteristics and evaluated them. D. Driankov and Mizumoto have suggested 5 criteria which the‘ideal’defuzzification method should satisfy. But, they didn't considered about control action. Output fuzzy set if not only a fuzzy set but also a sequence of control action. We suggested 4 new criteria which describe sequence of cont ol action from some experiments. In addition, we have compared each method in simple adaptive fuzzy control. COG(Center of Gravity), or COS(Center of Sums) methods were successful in fuzzy control. However, at transition region, MOM(Mean of Maxima) was best among others in adaptive fuzzy control.

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Preparation and Characterization of Surface Energy of BPDA-BAPP Polyimide

  • Kim, Kyung-Hoe;Kim, Yong-Gwon;Kwon, Young-Hwan
    • Macromolecular Research
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    • v.17 no.6
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    • pp.388-396
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    • 2009
  • The surface properties (water sorption and repellency, adhesion) are closely related to the surface tension of polymer solids. The critical surface tension (${\gamma}_c$) and surface tension (${\gamma}_s$) of a polymer solid were estimated by the contact angle method by our quantitative imaging system. BPDA (3,3',4,4'-biphenyl tetracarboxylic dianhydride)-BAPP (1,3-Bis(4-aminophenoxy) propane) polyimide was successfully synthesized. The ${\gamma}_c$ values were analyzed by a Zisman plot, a Young-$Dupr\acute{e}$-Good-Girifalco plot, and a log ($1+cos{\theta}$) vs log ${\gamma}_L$ plot. The ${\gamma}_s$ value of BPDA-BAPE polyimide was evaluated using the geometric mean equation and our multiple regression analysis. The calculated values of ${{\gamma}_s^d$ (a dispersion component), ${{\gamma}_s^p$ (a polar component), ${{\gamma}_s^h$ (a hydrogen bonding component), and ${\gamma}_s$ were 30.79, 9.32, 0.20, and 40.31 $mN{\cdot}m^{-1}$, respectively. The ${\gamma}_s$ of BPDA-BAPP polyimide containing both a methylene group and an ether group was larger than that of the polyimide containing only a methylene group.

Design and Fabrication FM-VMS using Watermarking Method (워터마킹 기법을 이용한 FM-VMS 설계 및 구현)

  • Moon, Byeong-Sup;Park, Bum-Jin;Weon, Young-Su;Kim, Cheol-Seong
    • The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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    • v.10 no.12
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    • pp.43-50
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    • 2010
  • In this thesis, Traffic information which is provided to the VMS used a FM frequency and provides real-time traffic information about the mobile production unit system which designed and produced and a quality evaluated. Result of the research, we will be able to confirm converted audio and text information from traffic information is linked with VMS information, FM broadcast traffic information to motorists passing through it were found to be and as a result of this study, which sees raises the effectiveness of VMS users and using VMS to build low-cos transport infrastructure will be an opportunity.

A Development of Operator Training System to Subregional Control Center (급전지역분소 전력감시 시스템 운영자 훈련 시스템 개발)

  • Lee, Jin-Ho;Shin, Yong-Hak;Park, Jong-Ho;Han, Jin-Hee;Lee, Suk-Chan;Lee, Kwang-Ho
    • Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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    • 2004.11b
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    • pp.301-303
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    • 2004
  • 본 논문에서는 급전지역분소 전력감시 시스템 운영자를 대상으로 하는 훈련시스템을 제안하였다. PC Platform에서 개발하여 운영자가 용이하게 설치, 관리가 가능하도록 하였으며 현재 설치되어 있는 SCADA 시스템의 MMI와 유사하게 구성하여 SCADA 조작 훈련에 대한 효과를 극대화 하였고 SCADA 데이터 베이스와 동일하게 데이터베이스를 구현함으로서 데이터 베이스 조작훈련이 가능하고 차단기 제어시 COS처리, 이벤트 발생에 대한 시각화를 용이하게 하여 운영자로 하여금 SCADA 시스템의 동작에 대한 이해를 도울 수 있도록 처리하였다. 또한, 모의사고 발생기능을 지원하여 사고 발생시 차단기의 동작 및 이에 따른 전력계통의 변화를 훈련자가 인식할 수 있게 하였다. 제안한 시스템으로 인하여 SCC SCADA 운영자에 대한 용이한 훈련이 가능함으로서 실제 SCADA 조작시 오조작을 방지할 수 있으며 사고발생시 신속한 복구작업을 가능하게 함으로서 전력계통 운전의 효율성을 향상할 수 있는 효과를 가져올 수 있다.

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SOIL TEMPERATURE PREDICTION OF THE REGION OF THE SOUTHERN PART OF THE KOREA

  • Kim, Y. B.;H. S. Ha
    • Proceedings of the Korean Society for Agricultural Machinery Conference
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    • 2000.11b
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    • pp.246-253
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    • 2000
  • The optimal equations to predict the soil tempratures of twelve cities in the region of the southern part of the Korea such as Changhung, Cheju, Chinju, Kwangju, Masan, Miryang, Mokpo, Muan, Pusan, Sogwipo, Ulsan, Yoosu, were suggested as function of time and soil depth and the time dependent variation and soil depth dependent distribution of temperature were analyzed for the back data of the geothermal energy utilization system design and agricultural usages. The equation form is $T(x,\;t)\;=\;T_{m}\;-\;T_{so}{\cdot}Exp(-\xi){\cdot}cos{\omega}(t\;-\;t_{o}\;-\;x\;/\sqrt{2{\alpha}{\omega}}$) and it can predict the soil temperatures well with the correlation factor of 0.98 or upwards for most data. The range of mean soil temperature was $14.99~18.53^{\circ}C$ and soil surface temperature swing, 11.65~14.54 days, soil thermal diffusivity, $0.025~0.069\;m^2/day$ except Mokpo of $0.100\;m^2/day$, and phase shift, 19.66~27.81 days. During about thirty years from 1960s to 1990s, the mean soil temperature was increased by $0.04~1.25^{\circ}C$. The temperature difference depending on soil depth was not significant.

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A Study on the Fire Properties of MOF Insulation Cover and Field Condition of 22.9kV Class Power Receiving System (22.9kV 수변전설비의 실태 및 계기용변성기 절연커버의 출화특성에 관한 연구)

  • Choi Chung-Seog;Kim Dong-Woo;Han Woon-Ki;Lee Ki-Yeon
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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    • v.20 no.2 s.70
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    • pp.56-60
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    • 2005
  • We studied fire properties of MOF(Metering Out Fit) insulation cover and field condition of 22.9kV power receiving system. $49.5\%$ of formal equipments were installed indoors, whereas $40.8\%$ of informal equipments were installed as H-type. Insulation treatment was not done at a $22.4\%$ ratio of main line($27.7\%$ of transformer, $70.2\%$ of COS, $10.4\%$ of MOF). Fire pattern analysis showed that the fire started at the secondary part of OC wire. In the result of DTA(Differential Thermal Analysis), normal cover showed exothermic reactions at $310^{\circ}C,\;399^{\circ}C\;and\;510^{\circ}C$ (endothermic reactions at $382^{\circ}C$). Whereas damaged cover showed exothermic reactions at $412^{\circ}C$(endothermic reactions at $389^{\circ}C$). In the result of TGA(Thermo Gravimetric Analysis), the thermal weight change of normal cover was similar compared to damaged cover. In the result of FT-IR analysis, normal cover showed absorption peaks at $3,024cm^{-l},\;2,921cm^{-l},\;1,600cm^{-1},\;1,492cm^{-1},\;1,451cm^{-1},\;1,154cm^{-l},\;1,027cm^{-1},\;906cm^{-1}$. Whereas, in case of tracked cover, the absorption peaks that were shown in normal cover disappeared and different absorption peak was shown at $966cm^{-1}$.

Comparison on Color Preference of BRICs Consumers (BRICs 지역 소비자 색채선호 비교)

  • Choi Mi-Young;Shim Young-Wan;Syn Hye-Young
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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    • v.56 no.5 s.104
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    • pp.118-131
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    • 2006
  • Color is one of the most effective factor in visual aspect influencing consumer's choice. However, the color preference varies as time passes, society changes, new culture develops, that is variable in its nature. And the underlying meaning or accompanying color image differs in every area. We believe the study on the color preference is meaningful, especially on BRICs market, recently gathering attentions for their market competitiveness and growth potential. For this research, data collected from 5 countries(including Korea) by 1:1 interview during 3 weeks in Aug. 2005. Usable data from 923 adult urban residents were used for final data analysis. Color chart for research was categorized by using COS Color System into KS standard color 10grades plus 1 neutral, with 5 grades of tones. Through this empirical study, the data were analyzed by mean, ANOVA, Duncan-test of SPSS Win(ver.10.0). The result generated from this study are as follows : First, analysis through hue & tone system reveals that preference on principle colors (R, Y, G, B, P) is higher than intermediate colors and pale, light, vivid tones were preferred to dare and deep tones. Second, personal color preference is reflected in color preference in fashion items. Thus, we may conclude color preference in fashion item largely influenced by country characteristics. Third, biggest difference by country from hue analysis are neutral and PB colors. Neutral, widely preferred color in every county, more preferred in India, Russia, Brazil than China. We expect this result can be utilized as a basic material for developing BRICs market.

The Study of the Object Replication Management using Adaptive Duplication Object Algorithm (적응적 중복 객체 알고리즘을 이용한 객체 복제본 관리 연구)

  • 박종선;장용철;오수열
    • Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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    • v.8 no.1
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    • pp.51-59
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    • 2003
  • It is effective to be located in the double nodes in the distributed object replication systems, then object which nodes share is the same contents. The nodes store an access information on their local cache as it access to the system. and then the nodes fetch and use it, when it needed. But with time the coherence Problems will happen because a data carl be updated by other nodes. So keeping the coherence of the system we need a mechanism that we managed the to improve to improve the performance and availability of the system effectively. In this paper to keep coherence in the shared memory condition, we can set the limited parallel performance without the additional cost except the coherence cost using it to keep the object at the proposed adaptive duplication object(ADO) algorithms. Also to minimize the coherence maintenance cost which is the bi99est overhead in the duplication method, we must manage the object effectively for the number of replication and location of the object replica which is the most important points, and then it determines the cos. And that we must study the adaptive duplication object management mechanism which will improve the entire run time.

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The Characteristics and Change of Colors on Fashion Collections in 1990s

  • Kim, Honey;Kim, Young-In
    • International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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    • v.7 no.2
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    • pp.18-31
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    • 2007
  • The purpose of this study is to examine color characteristics and color changes of the fashion collections through 1990s, and to provide the efficient color information for color planning upon fashion themes. For this research, a total of 30,084 colors were collected from Paris, Milan, London, New York Collections in 1990s. Those colors were first measured by the Pantone Textile Color Specifier and COS Color System and spectrophotometer(color eye 580). These measured color values $L^{\ast}a^{\ast}b^{\ast}$of CIE were converted into H V/C of Munsell System, and 12 tones of PCCS with 5 achromatic colors. The characteristics of collected colors were analyzed in general and by place, season and year. The results of the study are as follows : First, the hues of purple blue, yellow red, red, yellow and the tones of grayish, pale, white, black, dark grayish, dull, light grayish appeared mostly. Yellow was shown quite frequently in spring/summer while purple, purple blue, red and yellow red in fall/winter. White, pale, light, light grayish and light gray were shown more frequently in spring/summer while Black, dark grayish, grayish, dark gray and dark in fall/winter. Second, the characteristics of colors by 4 representative places were similar to the general characteristics of colors in 1990's. Third, There were distributed widely Red, Yellow Red, Yellow in the early 1990s, Green Yellow, Green, Blue Green in the mid of 1990s, and Purple Blue, Purple in the late of 1990s. The distribution range of chromatic colors showed wide in both of the early of 1990s and the mid of 1990s for a while, and achromatic colors of grayish, gray and black appeared mostly in the late of 1900s.

The 4-channel Multiple Contact Resistance Measurement Systems using MQTT Broker Server for AC 22.9 kV COS/Lightning Arrester (MQTT 브로커 서버를 이용한 AC 22.9 kV 차단기/피뢰기의 4-채널 다중 접촉저항 측정 시스템)

  • Ra-Yun Boo;Jung-Hun Choi;Myung-Eui Lee
    • Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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    • v.27 no.2
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    • pp.203-208
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    • 2023
  • In this study, we propose a method to improve the precision of contact resistance measurement circuits using constant current method and voltage drop method, and implement a dashboard that monitors the measured data of contact resistance measurement systems through MQTT broker server. The contact resistance measurement system measures the resistance value and transmits the measured value to the MQTT broker server using wireless communications. This developed dashboard uses Node-RED and Node-RED-Dashboard to receive the resistance values of up to four contact resistance measurement systems and show them to user's monitor screen. Users can manage multiple measurement data using a single dashboard and easily interface with other devices through the MQTT broker server. Through the experimental results from real data measurements, the relative standard deviation about precision is improved to average 40.37% and maximum 64.73% respectively.