• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제14권12호
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• pp.1758-1762
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• 2001

Equal number of red jungle fowl (JF) and commercial broiler chickens (CB), raised in battery cages, were provided a single complete diet (control) or a choice of a complete diet, ground corn and ground soybean from 21 to 56 days of age. There were significant genotype ${\times}$ feeding regimen interactions for several traits measured suggesting CB and JF responded differently to the two feeding regimens. The single fed CB had better growth and feed conversion ratios (FCR) than those under choice feeding. However, the body weight and FCR of JF were not affected by feeding regimen. While the single fed and choice-fed JF consumed similar amount of protein during days 21 to 55, the protein intake of the choice-fed CB was lower than the control. From days 21 to 55, irrespective of genotype, choice-fed chicks consumed less energy than their single fed counterparts. Regardless of genotype, the trend in the proportion of each feed consumed was similar with complete diet>corn>soybean. In conclusion, while choice-fed JF were capable to select nutrient necessary for maximum growth, choice feeding was detrimental to growth and feed conversion ratio in CB.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제46권1호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2019

The objective of this study was to determine the effect of multi-enzyme supplementation in a corn and soybean meal-based diet on the growth performance, apparent nutrient digestibility, blood profile, fecal microbes and noxious gas emission in growing pigs. A total of 80 crossbred [(Landrace ${\times}$ Yorkshire) ${\times}$ Duroc] growing pigs with an average body weight (BW) of $25.04{\pm}1.44kg$ were used in a 6-week experiment. The experimental treatments were as follows: CON, basal diet and; T1, basal diet + 100 mg/kg multi-enzyme. During the experiment, the pigs fed the diet with multi-enzyme supplementation had a higher gain to feed ratio (G/F) (p < 0.05) than the pigs fed the diet without multi-enzyme supplementation. On day 42, the pigs fed the diet with multi-enzyme supplementation had decreased $H_2S$ and $NH_3$ emissions (p < 0.05) than the pigs fed the diet without multi-enzyme supplementation. However, no effect was observed on nutrient digestibility, blood profiles and fecal microbes among the treatments (p > 0.05). In conclusion, it is suggested that multi-enzyme supplementation in a corn and soybean meal based diet can partly improve the growth performance and noxious gas emission of growing pigs.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.241-250
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• 1994

아연광산 인근지역의 농경지에 중금속의 오염정도와 옥수수의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 농작물 피해경감 대책의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 1993년에 경상북도 영양군 일월면 용화리 아연광산 수계지역의 토양중 중금속함량과 옥수수의 생육상황 및 토양중 중금속 함량과 식물체내 함량과의 관계에 대하여 조사 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 영양지역의 토양중 중금속 함량은 비오염지역인 칠곡에 비해 Zn, Cu, Pb,Cd, As 함량이 현저히 높았고 광산으로부터 거리별 토양중 중금속함량은 $2.0{\sim}2.5km$ 에서 가장 높았으나 3.0km 지점에서도 1.5Km 지점보다 높은 경향이었다. 2. 오염지역의 작물별 엽내 중금속 함량은 Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As 함량이 모두 콩에서 가장 높았고 다음은 옥수수, 벼의 순이었다. 3. 오염지역에서 옥수수 생육은 현저히 불량 하였고 토양중 중금속 함량도 월등히 많았다. 4. 옥수수의 부위별 중금속 함량은 토양중 함량과 같은 경향이었고 부위별로는 잎에서 가장 많았으며 원소별로는 Zn > Cu > As > Cd > Pb 순위이었으나, 각원소의 부위별 함량은 다소 차이가 있었다. 5. 토양중의 중금속함량과 옥수수 생육상황과는 전반적으로 부의 상관관계가 있었으나 조사된 원소중 Cu, Pb 함량과 옥수수의 초장, 착수고, 줄기굵기, 자수길이 및 수량과는 유의한 부의상관이 인정되었다. 6. 토양중 중금속 함량과 식물체 부위별 중금속 함량과의 관계는 대체로 정의 상관 관계를 나타냈으며, 토양중의 Pb, Cd, As 함량이 많으면 식물체 내의 Pb, Cd, As 함량이 증가되었고, 곡실중의 Pb와 As 함량은 토양중의 Cd 및 As와 유의한 정의 상관이 인정되었다.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.293-304
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• 1997

A field experiment was conducted at the forage experimental plots, Seoul National University, Suweon h m 1995 to 1996 to determine the effect of legume residues as a N source and N fertilizer on corn (Zea mays L.) silage yield, N uptake, and availability of inorganic N in the soil. Corn was grown following (i) red clover (Trifolium pratense L.), (ii) crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.), (iii) alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) and (iv) winter fallow. The plots were split into two rates of fertilizer N (0 and 90kg Nlha) in a split-plot experimental plan. Compared with fallow treatment, legumes depleted soil water in the surface 15cm at corn planting by 17 to 26%. As a result, corn emergence was markedly delayed with legume residues by 8 to 11 days. Corn silage DM yield was significantly reduced in the presence of legume residues by 2.0 to 3.4 and 1.5 to 2.5 tonlha compared with winter fallow treatment at 0 and 90kg fertilizer Nlha, respectively, but no significant difference in the corn DM yield was found between legume residue treatments. There was an overall tendency for increased corn yields with 90kg fertilizer Nlha compared to Okg fertilizer Nlha, although not all yield increases were significantly greater. The corn yield response to applied N suggests that a source of N from legume residues was not sufficient for a succeeding corn crop. There was significantly more N (P

• Animal Bioscience
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.29-38
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• 2022

Objective: The objective of this study was to compare the feeding value, meat nutrients and associative effects of a diet comprised of various corn silages inclusion with peanut vine or wheat straw in finishing beef cattle. Methods: One hundred and eighty Simmental crossbred beef steers were blocked and assigned to the follow treatments: i) whole plant corn silage-based diet (control, WPCS), ii) mixed forages-based diet (replacing a portion of corn silage with wheat straw, WPCSW), iii) corn stalklage-based diet (CS), and iv) sweet corn stalklage-based diet (SCS). Each group consisted of 5 repeated pens with 9 steers/pen. The diets were formulated to be isonitrogenous and isoenergetic with same forage to concentrate ratio. Experimental diets were fed for 90 d. Results: The effective ruminal degradability of dry matter and crude protein were highest for WPCS diet (p<0.05), for neutral detergent fiber was highest in SCS diet (p<0.05). The average daily gain was greater for cattle offered the WPCS diet, intermediate with WPCSW and SCS and lowest with CS (p<0.001). The concentration of non-esterified fatty acid in serum was higher for steers fed with CS and SCS diets than those offered WPCS and WPCSW steers (p<0.001). The treatments did not affect the general nutritional contents and amino acids composition of Longissimus dorsi of steers (p>0.05). Conclusion: The corn silage-based diet exhibited the highest feeding value. The sweet corn stalklage and wheat straw as an alternative to corn silage offered to beef cattle had limited influence on feeding value and meat nutrients. However, the value of a corn stalklage-based diet was relatively poor. To sum up, when the high quality forage resources, such as corn silage, are in short supply, or the growth rate of beef cattle decreases in the later finishing period, the sweet stalklage and wheat straw could be used as a cheaper alternative in feedlot cattle diet without sharp reducing economic benefits.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제11권5호
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• pp.538-544
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• 1998

One hundred and twenty-eight finishing pigs (51.3 kg average initial body weight) were used to determine the effects of adding cellulase enzymes and lactobacillus acidophilus to sorghum-based diets on growth performance, carcass merit, and nutrient digestibility in finishing pigs. Treatments were: 1) corn-soybean meal-based positive control; 2) sorghum-soybean meal-based negative control; 3) Diet 2 with celluloytic enzymes; and 4) Diet 2 with a bacterial feed additive (lactobacillus acidophilus). There was a trend for greater average daily gain (ADG) in pigs fed com versus the sorghum treatments for day 0 to 28 (p < .09), but there was no effect of treatment (p > .15) on overall ADG (i.e., day 0 to 63). Feed consumption was not affected by treatment during the experiment (p > .19). Pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based diet had 3.5% greater overall gain/feed than pigs fed the other diets (p < .009). Dressing percentage was not affected by treatment (p > .22), but there was a trend for backfat thickness at the last rib to be greater for pigs fed com versus the sorghum treatments (p < .09). Pigs fed the sorghum treatments had 1 % greater fat free lean index (p < .10) compared to pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based positive control. Pigs fed com had greater apparent digestibilities of DM, N, and GE than pigs fed the sorghum treatments (p < .03), and greater DE intake (p < .07) suggesting that the increased carcass fatness for pigs fed the corn-based control diet resulted from greater energy status of those pigs. In conclusion, pigs fed the corn-soybean meal-based control diet had no improved growth performance but tended to be fatter than pigs fed sorghum. Adding cellulolytic enzymes or a bacterial feed additive to diets for finishing pigs did not affect growth performance, carcass merit, or nutrient utilization.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1998년도 학술발표회 발표논문집
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• pp.541-546
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• 1998

To study the possibility of agricultural utilization of the sewage sludge and the converter slag, the chemical properties of soil, the growth response of corn plant and uptake of inorganic nutrients in plant tissues were investigated by application of the composts made of the sewage sludge and converter slag. Uptake of inorganic nutrients in stem and leaf of corn plant were decreased by applications of the composts. The content of heavy metals in soil and corn plant were investigated, but the results of show that the concentrations of heavy metals are much low.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제33권2호
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• pp.230-235
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• 2020

Objective: This study was realized to evaluate the nutritional value of rice grains as a replacement for corn grains in the diet of growing Hanwoo steers. Methods: Two experimental diets were prepared: i) Corn total mixed ration (TMR) consisting of 20% corn grains and ii) Rice TMR consisting of 20% rice grains, in a dry matter (DM) basis. These treatments were used for in vitro rumen fermentation and in vivo growth trials. In the rumen fermentation experiment, the in vitro DM digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro crude protein digestibility (IVCPD), in vitro neutral detergent fiber digestibility, pH, ammonia nitrogen, and volatile fatty acids (VFA) were estimated at 48 h, and the gas production was measured at 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 h. Twenty four growing Hanwoo steers (9 months old; body weight [BW]: 259±13 kg) were randomly divided into two treatment groups and the BW, dry matter intake (DMI), average daily gain (ADG), and feed conversion ratio (FCR) were measured. Results: The in vitro experiment showed that the IVDMD, IVCPD, and VFA production of the Rice TMR were higher than those of the Corn TMR (p<0.05). The growth trial showed no differences (p>0.05) in the final BW, ADG, DMI, and FCR between the two TMRs. Conclusion: The use of rice grains instead of corn grains did not exhibit any negative effects on the rumen fermentation or growth performance, thereby rice grains with a DM of less than 20% could be used as a starch source in the diet of growing steers.

• 한국초지조사료학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.101-107
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• 2017

Corn is basal forage for livestock species in Republic of Korea but it lacks protein and needs nitrogenous fertilizer. This study was designed with main objective to achieve optimum growth, yield & nutritive value of forage for livestock through implementing corn-soybean intercropping strategy at 17 different places under Korean condition. Two treatments; corn as monocrop (control treatment) and corn-soybean intercrop were compared under Randomized Block Design from $28^{th}$ May to $8^{th}$ October, 2015. Each treatment had three replicates in each block, whereas seventeen different places were considered as blocks. Data were analyzed through SAS-9.1.3 software. Difference between two treatment means was tested through T-test. Findings depicted that intercropping pattern could not influence (P>0.05) corn plant & ear height, corn lodged stalk No. and corn stalks number. However, corn-soybean intercropping enhanced (P<0.05) forage productivity in terms of total fresh yield ($16.4{\pm}0.7^b$ vs. $19.9{\pm}0.7^atons\;ha^{-1}$), total dry matter yield ($5.38{\pm}0.25^b$ vs. $6.41{\pm}0.31^atons\;ha^{-1}$) and total digestible nutrients yield ($3.94{\pm}0.17^b$ vs. $4.59{\pm}0.21^atons\;ha^{-1}$). Dry matter percentage in corn stalks and corn ears was not different (P>0.05) between two treatments. It was concluded that corn-soybean intercropping strategy was promising technique in enhancing forage productivity though positive symbiotic relation between two crops.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.249-254
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• 1992

본 연구는 다양한 수준의 석탄회 시용이 옥수수의 생육 및 수량, 토양의 화학적 특성에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 실시하였다. 유연탄회의 시용은 출사기 옥수수의 초장을 증가시켰고, 무연탄회는 수확기 옥수수의 간장, 건물율등을 증가시켰다. 석탄회의 시용이 옥수수의 생육환경에 미치는 영향은 석탄회의 종류, 시용량, 생육시기에 따라 크게 영향을 받지 않았으나, 무처리구와 비교하여 옥수수의 생육에 나쁜영향을 초래하지 않았다. 옥수수의 수량은 무연탄회 시용에 의해 유의성있게 증가하였고, 기타 수량구성요소들은 석탄회의 시용에 의해 악영향을 받지 않았다. 석탄회의 종류와 시용량에 따라 다소의 차이는 있지만 석탄회의 시용으로 수확기 토양의 총탄소함량, 염기치환용량, 유효태 인산함량등이 유의성있게 증가되었다. 치환성 양이온의 경우는 실험오차 범위내에서 다소 변이를 보여주었다. 옥수수에 의해 흡수된 인산함량은 유연탄회 처리에 의해 증가되었고, 인산의 흡수량과 토양중 인산함량 사이에는 정의 상관관계가 있었다. 흡수된 양이온함량은 석탄회의 종류와 시용량에 따라 다소 변이를 보여주었으나, 석탄회에 의해 현저히 감소된 경향은 없었다. 석탄회의 시용이 작물체의 생육 및 양분흡수에 미치는 영향은 1년의 포장시험을 통해 그 효과를 구명하기 어렵다고 사료되나, 석탄회의 시용은 양분흡수에 악영향을 미치지 않았고, 일부 생육상황, 수량구성요소, 영양소의 흡수는 조장되었다. 석탄회의 비효적 기치를 판단하기 위하여, 다양한 토양환경 조건과 작물을 대상으로 계속적인 연구가 수행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.