Influence of Heavy Metal Contents in Soils Near Old Zinc-Mining Sites on the Growth of Corn

아연광산 인근 토양중의 중금속 함량이 옥수수 생육에 미치는 영향

  • Lee, Jong-Pal (Kyeongpook Provincial Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Park, No-Kwuan (Kyeongpook Provincial Rural Development Administration) ;
  • Kim, Bok-Jin (College of Agriculture and Animal Science, Yeongnam University)
  • Published : 1994.12.30

Abstract

This research was carried out to investigate how the growth of corn was affected by the heavy metal contents in soils near the old zinc-mining sites, by analyzing correlation between the growth of corn and heavy metal contents in soils collected from Yonghari Ilwoulmyun YongyangGun in Kyeongpook province in 1993. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The contents of heavy metals such as Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, and as in the Youngyang area were very high compared with those in a normal area. Heavy metal contents in soils collected from $2.0{\sim}2.5Km$ distance from the mining area were the highest, and those from 3.0 Km than those from 1.5 Km were even higher. 2. For heavy metal contents in leaves of all surveyed crops, Zn, Pb, Cu and As were the highest in soybean, followed by corn and rice. 3. Growth parameters of corn in polluted fields were comparatively poor and heavy metal contents in soils of the respective sites were higher than those in fields where rice was cultivated 8 years ago and irrigation was not done previously. 4. Heavy metal contents in the leaf part of corn plant showed a similar tendency to those in soils, being the highest among the different parts of corn plant, and they were in the decreasing order of Zn > Cu > As > Cd > Pb in each part. But the differences of metal contents in each part varied. 5. Generally, a negative relationship existed between the growth of corn and heavy metal contents in soil, of which Cu and Pb were significantly correlated with plant height, ear height, diameter of stem, ear length and yield of corn. 6. There existed a positive correlation between the contents of Pb,Cd and As in soils and those in the different parts of corn plant. The higher contents of Pb, Cd, and As in soil, the more those in corn plant incressed. The contents of Pb and As in corn grains showed a highly significant positive correlation with Cd and As contents in soils.

아연광산 인근지역의 농경지에 중금속의 오염정도와 옥수수의 생육에 미치는 영향을 조사하여 농작물 피해경감 대책의 기초자료로 활용하기 위하여 1993년에 경상북도 영양군 일월면 용화리 아연광산 수계지역의 토양중 중금속함량과 옥수수의 생육상황 및 토양중 중금속 함량과 식물체내 함량과의 관계에 대하여 조사 분석한 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 1. 영양지역의 토양중 중금속 함량은 비오염지역인 칠곡에 비해 Zn, Cu, Pb,Cd, As 함량이 현저히 높았고 광산으로부터 거리별 토양중 중금속함량은 $2.0{\sim}2.5km$ 에서 가장 높았으나 3.0km 지점에서도 1.5Km 지점보다 높은 경향이었다. 2. 오염지역의 작물별 엽내 중금속 함량은 Zn, Cu, Pb, Cd, As 함량이 모두 콩에서 가장 높았고 다음은 옥수수, 벼의 순이었다. 3. 오염지역에서 옥수수 생육은 현저히 불량 하였고 토양중 중금속 함량도 월등히 많았다. 4. 옥수수의 부위별 중금속 함량은 토양중 함량과 같은 경향이었고 부위별로는 잎에서 가장 많았으며 원소별로는 Zn > Cu > As > Cd > Pb 순위이었으나, 각원소의 부위별 함량은 다소 차이가 있었다. 5. 토양중의 중금속함량과 옥수수 생육상황과는 전반적으로 부의 상관관계가 있었으나 조사된 원소중 Cu, Pb 함량과 옥수수의 초장, 착수고, 줄기굵기, 자수길이 및 수량과는 유의한 부의상관이 인정되었다. 6. 토양중 중금속 함량과 식물체 부위별 중금속 함량과의 관계는 대체로 정의 상관 관계를 나타냈으며, 토양중의 Pb, Cd, As 함량이 많으면 식물체 내의 Pb, Cd, As 함량이 증가되었고, 곡실중의 Pb와 As 함량은 토양중의 Cd 및 As와 유의한 정의 상관이 인정되었다.

Keywords