• Quality Improvement in Health Care
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.60-73
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• 2014

Objectives: This study aims at decreasing spatial dose rate through work improvement whilst spatial dose rate is the cause of increasing personal exposure dose which occurs in the process of handling radioisotope. Methods: From February 2013 until July 2013, divided into "before" and "after" the improvement, spatial dose rate in laboratory of nuclear medicine was measured in gamma image room, PET/CT-1 image room, and PET/CT-2 image room as its locations. The measurement time was 08:00, 12:00 and 17:00, and SPSS 21.0 USA was opted for its statistical analysis. Result: The spatial dose rate at distribution worktable, injection table, the entrance to the distribution room, and radioisotope storage box, which had showed high spatial dose rate, decreased by more than 43.7% a monthly average. The distribution worktable, that had showed the highest spatial dose rate in PET/CT-1 image room, dropped the rate to 42.3% as of July. The injection table and distribution worktable in the PET/CT-2 image room also showed the decline of spatial dose rate to 89% and 64.4%, respectively. Conclusion: By improving distribution process and introducing proper radiation shielding material, we were able to drop the spatial dose rate substantially at distribution worktable, injection table, and nuclide storage box. However, taking into account of steadily increasing amount of radioisotope used, strengthening radiation related regulations, and safe utilization of radioisotope, the process of system improvement needs to be maintained through continuous monitoring.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.31-36
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• 2020

The LTE-R system is a system consisting of a packet network that provides all IP-based services. Continuous failures related to the platform safety gate and subsequent safety accidents related to passengers and safety gate workers continue. The secondary damage caused by the failure of the platform safety door and the related human life damage have emerged as a major social issue.. By linking the beacon system to the Long Term Evoluton-Railway (LTE-R) network, an LTE-based railway wireless network currently in operation or being installed, it precisely locates trains and provides standardized fault alerts to train crews. When entering into the station, ultimately we will decelerate the train and reduce the accidents of metropolitabn railroad traffic by securing safe driving.

• KSBB Journal
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.83-89
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• 1998

Using a cellulose macroporous microcarrier, HeLa cells were cultivated in 100mL spinner flask(Bellco Co., USA) and confluent cell laden microcarriers were subcultured by bead-to-bead cell transfer method. In macroporous mcirocarrier-HeLa system viable suspended cells played an important role in bead-to-bead cell transfer and that could be increased by use of RPMI-1640, a calcium-ion-reduced-media and high speed agitation. Successful bead-to-bead cell transfers were performed continuously three time in spinner flask. We applied this technique to produce recombinant Vaccinia virus which express $\beta$-galactosidase. Recombinant protein yield of bead-to-bead transferred culture was comparable to conventional microcarrier cultures that were inoculated by cells detached from T-flask. Although trypsinization is a useful method for subculturing microcarriers in some cases, that process adds quality control problem and handling steps to large scale cell production. There fore, bead-to-bead cell transfer technique offers another convenient and efficient scale-up method for continuous microcarrier cultures.

• The Mathematical Education
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• v.45 no.3 s.114
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• pp.319-343
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• 2006

The purpose of this study is to investigate how fifth and sixth graders recognize average and to find out suggestions for teaching/learning methods of average by examining which difference there is depending on the way of the word problem presentation. For the this purpose, was conducted experiment study with the way of the world problem presentation set up as experimental treatment. The conclusions drawn from the results obtained in the this study were as follows : First, since students who did not learn the regular course of average had various informal concepts already, it is needed to consider handling more various concepts of average in order to enable students to expand flexible thoughts. Second, compared with fifth and sixth graders showed a wide difference in informal concepts of average depending on the way of the word problem presentation. In expect data with given average, concepts of mean as algorithm, balance point, and mode indicated similar percentage, while in estimate average with given data, the percentage of students who showed the concept of mean was very high at 67.6%. That may be because problems related to mean in the current textbooks are items of 'estimate average with given data', so in types of 'estimate average with given data', students solve questions with mean as algorithm without considering situations of problems. This result suggests that it is necessary to diversify the way of the word problem presentation even in textbooks. Third, as a result of analyzing informal concepts of average, there was significant difference in grades. In addition, the results suggested that there would be difference in the concepts of average depending on gender or attributes of discrete quantity and continuous quantity.

• Journal of Advanced Marine Engineering and Technology
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• v.40 no.5
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• pp.447-452
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• 2016

The use of gas as fuel, particularly liquefied natural gas (LNG), has increased in recent years owing to its lower sulfur and particulate emissions compared to fuel oil or marine diesel oil. LNG is a low temperature, volatile fuel with very low flash point. The major challenges of using LNG are related to fuel bunkering, storing, and handling during ship operation. The main components of an LNG fuel system are the bunkering equipment, fuel tanks, vaporizers/heaters, pressure build-up units (PBUs), and gas controlling units. Low-pressure dual-fuel (DF) engines are predominant in small LNG-powered vessels and have been operating in many small- and medium-sized ferries or LNG-fueled generators.(Tamura, K., 2010; Esoy, V., 2011[1][2]) Small ships sailing at coast or offshore rarely have continuous operation at constant engine load in contrast to large ships sailing in the ocean. This is because ship operators need to change the engine load frequently due to various obstacles and narrow channels. Therefore, controlling the overall system performance of a gas supply system during transient operations and decision of bunkering time under a very poor infrastructure condition is crucial. In this study, we analyzed the fuel consumption, the system stability, and the dynamic characteristics in supplying fuel gas for operating conditions with frequent engine load changes using a commercial analysis program. For the model ship, we selected the 'Econuri', Asia's first LNG-powered vessel, which is now in operation at Incheon Port of South Korea.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2001.10a
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• pp.76-79
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• 2001

In Japan in of today, there is no aspect in which the quantity of waste glass bottle discharged from ordinary homes decreases. Moreover, the kind of shape and color of the waste glass bottles are increasing little by little. In the recycling of the glass bottle, it becomes a problem that many kind of the color is abounding. It is possible to use the transparent glass bottle as raw material of the glassware. Since the reproduction of the color is difficult, the colored glass bottle is not possible to use as a raw material. Therefore, the processing of these glass bottles entirely depends on the reclamation. In Japan, the security of the new reclaimed land is very difficult for the reason of the environmental damage. Moreover, the life expectancy in many reclaimed lands is anticipated with within two years. Therefore, the development of the processing method of glass bottle other than reclamation becomes a rapid problem. At present it is examined that it is used of an aggregate of the colored pavement, as one of the application methods of colored glass bottle. The particle size of produced glass aggregate is also 5mm or less, because the thickness is 5mm or less on almost glass bottles. And almost glass particles have the sharp tip. The application as the aggregate is limited for this sharpness of the particle. This study was carried out for the purpose of the establishment of sharpness measuring method of the glass aggregate particle. It is possible that the injury degree to human in the handling is known, if showing the sharpness of the aggregate particle at the objective numerical value is possible. And the application of the glass aggregate is spread. In this research, the balloon fracture method was used for the sharpness measurement of the glass particle. This method is based on the completely new idea, and it is possible to express completely the possibility of injury to the human. It is reported with the detailed result in full paper, because this study is continuous in order to get the JIS which is industrial standard of Japan.

• KSII Transactions on Internet and Information Systems (TIIS)
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.991-1013
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• 2020

E-health services have provided interoperability between personal health devices in personal area network, based the ISO/IEEE 11073 standard. In the healthcare system, the manager handles most agents concurrently through wireless communication. However, due to the distance limitation and the increased number of agents, it may be difficult to provide continuous connectivity. Recently, body area devices have been equipped with various applicable agents, which can even handle agents on behalf of the manager. A BAD may act as an intermediary device to increase system efficiency and performance. In this study, a device called "proxy", which can be installed as software on BAD devices, is proposed. The data measured by an agent can be sent to the proxy first, and subsequently be sent to the manager again. Agents and the manager are not aware of the proxy existence and work normally without the proxy. Furthermore, a new smart proxy and modified manager are proposed. The smart proxy acts as one agent handling measurement data from several agents, which can transmit a significant amount of data at once. The proxy and smart proxy maintain compatibility with existing devices that conform to the 20601 standard. The proposed schemes are verified and the complexities of devices are analyzed. The analysis shows no significant difference among the proxy, smart proxy, and manager. Simulations exhibit that the proposed schemes can improve the system performance.

• The Journal of Korean Society of Virology
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.67-76
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• 1996

The methods that make Hantavirus grow consist of inoculation into the experimental animals and cultured cells. The cultured cells, such as Vero-E6 and A549 cells, have been usually used for isolation of the virus and the animals, such as mice and rats, are used for large scale preparation of the virus so far. Furthermore, the cell can be used to maintain the virus and assay the infectivity and the animals can be used for the experiment of viral pathogenicity and challenge for assessment of vaccine. Apodemus mice, the own natural host of the virus, has been used for challenge test of Hantaan virus. However it has been pointed out to difficult handling and breeding the animal in laboratory. Therefore, we attempted to establish a new animal model for challenge test at the time of isolation of Maaji virus which is a new hantavirus similar but distinct to Hantaan virus. In suckling hamster, the titer of Maaji virus and the lethality to mice of the virus were increased gradually in the titer and lethality through passage by intracerebral (IC) inoculation. We tried to re-adapt this brain virus to lung of weanling hamster. The brain passaged virus was inoculated into weanling hamster intramuscularly. Again, the titer of the virus in lung was also increased by continuous passage of this virus. This facts could regarded as adaptation to new environment in which the virus proliferates. To identity the virus passaged in hamster with Maaji virus, both of the virus passaged in hamster brain and lung were compared with Maaji virus (MAA-I) and Hantaan virus (HTN 76-118) by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) and slingle strand conformation polymophism (SSCP). As a result, we conclude that Maaji virus could be adapted successfully to weanling hamster through this passage strategy. Utilizing this adapted Maaji virus strain, hamster model is able to be used for challenge test in hantaviral vaccinology and further experiments utilizing hamster system as a rather available and convenient lab animal are expected.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.35 no.11A
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• pp.1066-1072
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• 2010

In this paper we proposed a multi event handling surveillance system using multiple PTZ cameras. One event is assigned to each PTZ camera to detect unusual situation. If a new object appears in the scene while a camera is tracking the old one, it can not handle two objects simultaneously. In the second case that the object moves out of the scene during the tracking, the camera loses the object. In the proposed method, the nearby camera takes the role to trace the new one or detect the lost one in each case. The nearby camera can get the new object location information from old camera and set the seamless event link for the object. Our simulation result shows the continuous camera-to-camera object tracking performance.

• Smart Media Journal
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.70-79
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• 2015

The Construction Project Information System(CPIS), an information system constructed as part of the Construction Continuous Acquisition & Life-cycle Support(CALS) of the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, and Transport(MOLIT), is designed to digitize construction projects across all stages, and enable sharing of information so as to enhance the productivity and efficiency of construction projects and secure their transparent administration. One of MOLIT's internal work systems, CPIS focuses on work-handling and data management. However, now over 10 years old after its construction, it focuses on text and document-based construction project information, but it cannot be interfaced with the visualization-based GIS, which limits the sharing and dissemination of information and the determination of the overall construction project status. To resolve the existing CPIS limitations and problems and to upgrade the system, this study examined domestic and overseas GIS technology trends and relevant information systems, and analyzed the CPIS status and problems. It thus proposed total GIS application measures to upgrade CPIS. Also, it identified detailed CPIS utilization measures and GIS application measures by unit system, and analyzed considerations for GIS application.