• Title/Summary/Keyword: Contingent valuation method (CVM)

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Estimating the Economic Value of First-Grade Area in Ecological Nature Status (생태자연도 1등급지의 경제적 가치 추정)

  • Shin, Young Chul;Min, Dongki
    • Environmental and Resource Economics Review
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    • v.14 no.1
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    • pp.25-50
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    • 2005
  • This study estimates the willingness-to-pay (WTP) for avoiding the destruction of a first-grade ecological area by means of contingent valuation method. Specifically, we employ the dichotomous choice technique along with the follow-up questionnaires. Our analysis implies the yearly WTP per household for avoiding the destruction of the ecological area of 100,000 pyongs is 8,898 won with the 95% confidence interval of 6,611~11,976 won. We estimate the asset value of that area to be 1,707 billion won with the 95% confidence interval of 1,269 to 2,298 billion won. We also decompose the total value of the area into the value of direct (22%) and indirect (38.8%) use, the option value (19.9%) and the conservation value (21.3%). Although using these data for SEEA (the system of integrated environmental economic accounting) is bound by certain restrictions, one could employ our empirical findings as advisory information for decision making in the process of prior environmental review or for assessing the environmental impact.

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Economic Impact Analysis on a R&D Project of Groundwater Remediation : A Case Study of Busan, Ulsan and Gwangju Metropolitan City (지하수자원기술의 경제적 파급효과분석 사례연구 - 대도시지역(부산, 울산, 광주) 지하수오염저감기술연구사업을 중심으로 -)

  • Ahn Eun-Yuung;Kim Seong-Yong;Lee Jae-Wook;Son Byeong-Kook;Kim Jeong-Chan;Synn Joong-Ho
    • Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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    • v.10 no.1
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    • pp.18-25
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    • 2005
  • For economic impact analysis on a R&D project of groundwater remediation in the metropolitan areas conducted as a fundamental research programme of KIGAM from 1998 to 2002, benefit/cost ratio(BCR), net present value(NPV), and internal rate of return(IRR) were calculated using a contingent valuation method(CVM). Measurable direct benefit parameters among the major outputs of this project consist of setup of drinking water facilities and groundwater information data valuation. In this study, economic impact of the project in NPV of year 2002, with applying a discount rate of $10.0\%$, was identified and estimated as 5.09 billion won in cost, 67.69 billion won in benefit, 62.60 billion won in NPV, 13.3 points in BCR, and $152\%$ in IRR, respectively.

A Study on Application Methods to Economic Impact Analysis on R&D of Geoscience and Mineral Resources in Input-Output-Outcome Perspective (연구성과(outcome) 관점에서 지질지원 분야 연구개발의 경제적 파급효과 분석 방법론 적용)

  • Ahn, Eun-Young;Kim, Seong-Yong
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.39 no.6 s.181
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    • pp.787-801
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    • 2006
  • Focused in the characteristic of R&D on Geoscience and Mineral Resources as basic research area, we survey on methods of public works' economic impact analysis including cost-benefit analysis and resent technology evaluation methods and suggest apply-methods to conduct economic impact analysis on R&D of geoscience and mineral resources. To conduct economic impact analysis on the basic research area, it need to identification research's out-come not just output. In this perspective, we propose a method, Input-Output-Outcome Roadmapping to identify the outcome of R&D and show the relation of input, output, and outcome of R&D. Furthermore, noticing the different effects of R&D from public works, we directly evaluate the use-value of the academic theory or geological maps through Contingent Valuation Method(CVM) and others developed as evaluation methods on environmental goods. In indirect application methods, it can evaluate the partial of the pubic works' benefit with assuming R&D factors if R&D is a part of public works. If not, we evaluate the R&D's value as reductions of costs or additions of benefit with finding related public works.

Comparative Study on Monetary Estimates of Natural Environment and Cultural Relics in Gyeongju National Park (경주국립공원의 문화유적과 자연환경의 가치추정 비교연구)

  • Kang, Kee-Rae;Kim, Dong-Pil;Baek, Jae-Bong
    • Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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    • v.26 no.2
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    • pp.273-282
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    • 2012
  • This study has estimated Gyeongju National Park's natural environment and cultural relic value in the same way and then been performed to compare the size of the value. Representative method to measure environmental property is contingent valuation methods, CVM. The variables and estimated models adopted for the calculation were same and the respondents were asked by distinguishing between the amount which they would pay to preserve the natural environment and that which they were willing to pay to preserve the cultural relics. As the result, WTP(Willing to pay), the amount that they were willing to pay to preserve the natural environment of Gyeongju National Park was 17,838 won per person and that to preserve the cultural relics appeared to be 316,248 won per person. Based on this, it was estimated that the value of the natural environment with which Gyeongju National Park provided annual visitors was 47 billion won and that the annual value of the cultural relics was 845.7 billion. If the natural environment and the cultural relics value elements are united, it can be estimated that the natural environment and cultural relic value got at the time of people's first visit to Gyeongju National Park is 334,086 won and that the annual value is 893.4 billion won. In this study, the value of the cultural relics has been estimated 18 times higher than that of the natural environment. This reason was that visitors judged that a total of 66 cultural properties including 11 national treasures, 23 treasures, 13 historic places, one historic sites and scenic spot and 18 local cultural properties, etc. which were distributed in Gyeongju National Park were worth far more than the natural environment. Based on the result of this study, the operating management plan of Gyeongju National Park should include a differentiated operation strategy through consultation with relevant experts by taking into account characteristics of the physical components.

Estimating Farmers' Willingness to Cultivate Genetically Modified Rice and Grass for Feed in Korea (농업인의 사료용 유전자변형 작물 재배 의사 추정)

  • Kim, Seung Gyu;Ryu, Jin;Jung, Jae-Won;Sung, Myung-Hwan;Kim, Tae-Kyun
    • Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
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    • v.35 no.4
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    • pp.303-308
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    • 2015
  • Cultivating genetically modified (GM) crops is believed to be a practical solution to meet the increasing food demand, but GM crops are not legal in Korea mainly due to food safety issues. Even though the general public might not be ready to consume GM food, GM crops are imported and consumed as food and feed. To analyze farmers's willingness to grow GM crops for feed, a survey was conducted among crop farmers and 640 valid responses were collected by mail. In the questionnaire, the farmers were asked to select either 'yes' or 'no' if they were willing or not willing to cultivate GM rice and GM grass, respectively, under the given hypothetical income increase rate (i.e., 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, 50%, 60%, or 70%). Logit regression was used to estimate the two dichotomous choices by explanatory variables including hypothetical income increase rate. The results show that farmers are willing to cultivate GM rice and grass when their income is expected to increase by 47% and 43%, respectively.

Economic Impact Analysis on High-yield Groundwater Development R&D Project in Jeju (제주도 청정 대용량 지하수개발 연구사업의 경제적 효과분석)

  • Ahn, Eun-Young;Kim, Seong-Yong
    • Economic and Environmental Geology
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    • v.42 no.2
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    • pp.133-141
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    • 2009
  • For economic impact analysis on a R&D project of high-yield groundwater development in Jeju conducted by KIGAM from 2004 to 2007, benefit/cost ratio(BCR), net present value(NPV), and internal rate of return(IRR) were calculated by contingent valuation method(CVM), production function analysis, domestic water market analysis and technology factor analysis. Measurable direct impact parameters among the major outputs of this R&D project consisted the estimation 4 high-yield and high mineral groundwater reserve in Jeju. Annual use of the reserve by piped water and bottled water was estimated as 12.23 million ton and its monetary value was calculated as 293.4 million dollar in 2006 year value applied of 5.5% discount rate. Economic impact of this R&D project in NPV of year 2006, with applying a discount rate of 5.5%, was identified and estimated as 13.66 million dollar in NPV, 4.05 points in BCR, and 22.74% in IRR, respectively. Additional early launch benefit was 5.58 million dollar. Even increased of the 1% discount rate, NPV of this R&D project was also positive as 12.18 million dollar and BCR was 3.71.

Measuring the Non-market Value of the Introduction of Electric Vehicles to National Parks Against Climate Change (기후변화의 대응수단으로서 국립공원 내 전기자동차 도입의 비시장적 가치 추정에 관한 탐색적 연구)

  • Kim, Sang-Tae;Min, Woong-Ki;Kim, Nam-Jo
    • Review of Culture and Economy
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.81-102
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    • 2014
  • As carbon dioxide, the main greenhouse gas, is generally emitted by vehicles, the development and distribution of electric cars is important for the sustainability of environmentally-friendly tourism, especially in national parks. National parks in Korea, however, still see the use of traditional vehicles powered by internal combustion engines in the handling of visitors and the transportation of goods and staff. Such engines being the cause of environmental problems such as exhaust emission and noise pollution, the introduction of electric cars in national parks is needed. This study aims to analyze the economic value of electric cars in national parks as well as contribute to the development of the Green Transportation model in tourism destinations. The study used a logit model to estimate the willingness to pay for the introduction of electric cars in national parks. Adults over the age of twenty, with gender and age apportioned equally, were surveyed using questionnaires that included dichotomous as well as demographic questions. The findings show that the amount an individual is willing to pay for the purpose of environmental conservation is 3,948 won, while the value the national parks would derive from the use of electric cars is 56,138,130,000 won. The introduction of electric cars in national parks is expected to offer both direct and indirect benefits while helping to improving the environment of the national parks by eliminating exhaust emission and noise. This introduction would also be a response to climate change that can be taken by society as a whole.

The Measurement of Social Carrying Capacity on the Total Amount of Vehicles for Estimation of the Appropriate Number of Vehicles in U-do Island (적정입도차량대수 산정을 위한 자동차 총량제에 대한 사회적 수용력 측정)

  • Hwang, Kyung Soo;Ko, Tae Ho;Lim, Jung Hyun
    • KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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    • v.29 no.5D
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    • pp.605-610
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    • 2009
  • The either satisfaction levels or limits of tolerance levels felt by the users in the certain space/region should be examined for measuring social capacity on the total amount of vehicles. The reliability of measuring social carrying capacity depends primarily on decreasing the strategic responding biases. To induce the honest responses to preferences, Dichotomous Choice which is specifically known as the Double-Bounded Dichotomous Choice was adopted in this research to suggest the measurement methodology of social carrying capacity on the total amount of vehicles in U-do island. The empirical test was carried out the U-do island, an administrative district of Jeju Special Self-Governing Province. The number of vehicles satisfied by the 10% of residents was 390 and the satisfactory vehicle number was decreased to 132 extended to 90% of residents. This research, based on the political decision making criteria, set up the social carrying capacity in U-do island. The vehicle number satisfied by 50% of residents was 227, which meant the same number of residents turn to be supporter in case of political actions.

A Study on the Traditional Geographic System Recognition and Environmental Value Estimate of Hannamkeumbuk-Keumbuk Mountains for the Establishment of a Management Plan (관리계획 수립을 위한 한남금북.금북정맥의 전통적 지리체계인식과 환경가치 추정 연구)

  • Kang, Kee-Rae;Kim, Dong-Pil
    • Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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    • v.40 no.1
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    • pp.23-33
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    • 2012
  • In this study, how much users of Hannamkeumbuk Keumbuk Mountains are aware of Baekdaegan and its attached mountain chains, a traditional geographic system, according to Sangyungpyo and basic data like the degree of awareness and use-behaviors, etc. have been studied. In addition, the environmental value of Hannamkeumbuk Keumbuk Mountains separating the central and the southern part of Korea among attached mountain ranges, secondary mountain chains, which act as an ecosystem buffer in the Baekdudaegan Range, has been estimated at the current amount of currency. In the questions of the perception of the traditional classification standard of mountain chains and Baekdudaegan, more than 70% of respondents answered that they had heard of or known them but 66.8% werenot aware of Hannamkeumbuk Keumbuk Mountains. While the awareness for Baekdudaegan is high, the perception of its attached mountain chains was very poor. DBDC responder system and CVM, which is used widely for the value estimate method of environment goods, were used. As the result, an additional benefit got when a person visits Hannamkeumbuk Keumbuk mountains was estimated as 5,813 won. It could find out that this amount was very low compared with 51,984 won, average visit cost. It judged that the reason was that damage of environmental conditions, the monotony of the trails and progress of indiscriminate environmental destruction, etc. The results of this study will offer a new perspective on public relations activities and resource conservation of Baekdudaegan and its attached mountain chains and estimate perceptions and efficient services for visitors to HannamKeumbuk Keumbuk Mountains. This study will act as data for basic planning and management to increase the mountains' value and to preserve them. Further studies are needed to make a frame of work division and management with various organizations so that the management of Hannamkeumbuk-Keumbuk Mountains may be properly established and their value may been hanced.