• Communications for Statistical Applications and Methods
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.74-88
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• 1995

This article introduces a unified method of choosing the most explanatory and significant multiway partitions for classification tree design and analysis. The method is derived on the impurity reduction (IR) measure of divergence, which is proposed to extend the proportional-reduction-in-error (PRE) measure in the decision-theory context. For the method derivation, the IR measure is analyzed to characterize its statistical properties which are used to consistently handle the subjects of feature formation, feature selection, and feature deletion required in the associated classification tree construction. A numerical example is considered to illustrate the proposed approach.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제22권1호
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• pp.101-115
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• 2012

유사성을 근거로 하는 개연적 추론인 유추는 수학뿐만 아니라 물리 등의 여러 분야에서 개념 형성, 문제해결, 새로운 발견 등을 위해 사용되는 하나의 사고전략이다. 통계교육자들은 통계에서도 역시 유추가 유용한 사고전략으로 사용될 수 있다고 언급한다. 본 연구에서는 수학과는 다른 특성을 지닌 통계에서 학생들의 유추적 사고의 특징을 살펴본다. 이를 위해 수학영재학급 학생들을 대상으로 실생활 맥락이 담긴 통계문제를 기저문제로 제시하고 이와 유사한 문제를 만들도록 하였다. 학생들이 만든 문제는 기저문제의 통계적 맥락의 보존 여부 및 기저문제의 기본구조 유지 여부에 따라 다섯 가지 유형으로 분류되었다. 각 유형의 특징을 분석한 결과 다음과 같은 시사점을 얻을 수 있었다. 통계에서는 기본구조가 유지되어도 통계적 맥락이 훼손되는 경우 그 문제의 의미를 찾을 수 없으나, 기본구조가 변형되었다 하더라도 통계적 맥락이 보존되는 경우 통계적 개념에 대한 재개념화에 기여할 수 있다는 가능성을 확인하였다.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.125-148
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• 2004

It is quite sure that e-commerce through internet has significant impacts on consumer behavior and marketing activities as well. In this context, the concept of 'Internet Community' has been emerged and highlighted in consumer marketing. Internet community means social relationships and linkages which can be established through continuous and iterative internet-mediated communications among people with homogeneous interests and concerns. It has been a current trend to exchange product information among consumers by forming internet communities, which would affect sales performance directly or indirectly. It, therefore, is necessary to study the community's behavior and its impact on its marketing performance. This article focuses on the following points : ① the structural concept and factors of forming traditional consumer community and internet community : ② the role of trust and commitment as mediating variables between the internet community formation and marketing performance : ③ the performance and implications of the internet community on marketing.

• BMB Reports
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• 제43권8호
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• pp.524-529
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• 2010

Glucocorticoids (GCs) are useful drugs for the treatment of various diseases, but their use for prolonged periods can cause severe side effects such as osteoporosis. GCs have a direct effect on bone cells, where they can arrest bone formation, in part through the inhibition of osteoblast. On the other hand, GCs potently suppress osteoclast resorptive activity by disrupting its cytoskeleton based on the inhibition of RhoA, Rac and Vav3 in response to macrophage colony-stimulating factor. GCs also interfere with microtubule distribution and stability, which are critical for cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts. Thus, GCs inhibit microtubule-dependent cytoskeletal organization in osteoclasts, which, in the context of bone remodeling, further dampens bone formation.

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제20호
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• pp.71-77
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• 1999

The purpose of the research is to reveal the process of the formation of modern church architecture in 20th century. In order to do that, neo-gothic architecture which starts in the point of view of ethic in the 19th century will be discussed first. Then the relations between Arts and Crafts Movement and church architecture which is the beginning of modern architecture movement will be revealed. After that, the purpose of Secession's church architecture which tried to separate from old architecture and the formation of background of localistic church architecture which is one of the modern church architecture will be discussed. Based on those discussions, the research in concluded the several characteristics of church architecture which makes it modern architecture. The research is focused to the portions which is related to the church architectures among the architectural conditions so complicated as to be easily confused. And also it is focused the architect those who should be mentioned in the same context and their works.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2008

In the developing limb, chondrogenesis is an important prerequisite for the formation of cartilage whose template is required for bone formation. Chondrogenesis is a tightly regulated multi-step process, including mesenchymal cell recruitment/migration, prechondrogenic condensation of the mesenchymal cells, commitment to the chondrogenic lineage, and differentiation into chondrocytes. This process is controlled exquisitely by cellular interactions with the surrounding matrix and regulating factors that initiate or suppress cellular signaling pathways and transcription of specific genes in a temporal-spatial manner. Understanding the cellular and molecular mechanisms of chondrogenesis is important not only in the context of establishing basic principle of developmental biology but also in providing research direction toward preventive and/or regenerative medicine. Here, I will overview the current understanding of cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to prechondrogenic condensation processes, the crucial steps for chondrogenesis, focusing on cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions.

• 천문학회보
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• 제46권2호
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• pp.57.1-57.1
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• 2021

K-SIM (KASI-Simulation) research project is dedicated to develop new numerical techniques in order to theoretically study galaxy formation and evolution. As the first step of the K-SIM, to model tidal stripping of galaxies with a very high resolution in a fully cosmological context, we invented the Galaxy Replacement Technique (GRT) that is very efficient and fast. The high resolution allows us to accurately resolve the tidal stripping process and well describe the formation of ultra-low surface brightness features in the galaxy cluster (㎶ < 32 mag/arcsec^2), such as the intra-cluster light, shells and tidal streams. I'll introduce how the GRT is designed and which science topics in low-surface brightness regime can be visited using the GRT.

• 지능정보연구
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.17-32
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• 2006

최근에 커뮤니티 컴퓨팅에서 그룹형성과 그룹 의사결정에 관한 이슈가 제기되고 있다. 그러나 기존의 커뮤니티 컴퓨팅 시스템에서는 그룹의 욕구를 인지함에 있어서 임시적인 방법으로 그룹을 형성하지 못하고 있다. 임시적인 방법의 그룹형성은 유비쿼터스 컴퓨팅의 의사결정지원 시스템과 서비스에서 중요한 특성 가운데 하나이다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 유목 커뮤니티 컴퓨팅에서 임시적으로 욕구를 인지하고 그룹을 형성할 수 있는 NAMA-US 에이전트 중심의 다중 에이전트 방법론을 제시하고자 한다. 이 방법론은 어떤 커뮤니티에서 상대적으로 작은 그룹의 복수의 개별 사용자의 그룹의사결정을 지원할 때 다음과 같은 세 가지 특성을 만족하고자 한다. 첫째 임시적인 그룹형성과, 둘째 상황인지 그룹 욕구인지, 그리고 셋째 실내. 외에서 동작 가능한 모바일 장비의 활용이다. RFID 기반의 프로토타입 시스템인 NAMA-US는 본 연구에서 제시하는 이런 개념을 실현시키기 위해 구축되었다.

• 천문학논총
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.521-523
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• 2015

The Milky Way did not form in isolation, but is the product of a complex evolution of generations of mergers, collapses, star formation, supernovae and collisional heating, radiative and collisional cooling, and ejected nucleosynthesis. Moreover, all of this occurs in the context of the cosmic expansion, the formation of cosmic filaments, dark-matter haloes, spiral density waves, and emerging dark energy. This paper summarizes a review of recent attempts to reconstruct this complex evolution. We compare simulated properties with various observed properties of the Local Group. Among the generic features of simulated systems is the tendency for galactic halos to form within the dark matter filaments that define a supergalactic plane. Gravitational interaction along this structure leads to a streaming flow toward the two dominant galaxies in the cluster. We analyze this alignment and streaming flow and compare with the observed properties of Local-Group galaxies. Our comparison with Local Group properties suggests that some dwarf galaxies in the Local Group are part of a local streaming flow. These simulations also suggest that a significant fraction of the Galactic halo formed at large distances and arrived later along these streaming flows.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.321-328
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• 2019

The purpose of the study is to analyze the main approaches to assessing human capital and develop proposals for its most objective assessment of it at the different levels of manifestation - individual, microeconomic and macroeconomic. The article considers the basic approaches to the evaluation of human capital, used in practice: retrospective (costly) and prospective (income based). Cost based methods involve measuring the value of human capital based on the total costs associated with its formation. The proposed additional evaluation criteria, in particular, the use of the expert approach and the developed indicators of a qualitative assessment of the human capital of the enterprise will allow development that is more efficient and use of available human resources. Human capital is becoming a major factor in the formation and development of an innovative economy and knowledge economy. Accordingly, the proposed additions to the assessment of human capital at the country level are aimed at assessing it from a new angle, taking into account the current global trends in the formation of an innovative economy and digitalization. They meet qualitatively new requirements for human capital as the main productive factor in the creation of new highly efficient technologies that promote the active development of the social sphere, science, education, health, etc.