• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.283-288
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• 1999

The sealing performance of an elastomeric O-ring seat with a temperature gradient has been analyzed for the contact stress behaviors that develop between the O-ring seal and the surfaces with which it comes into contact. The leakage of an O-ring seal will occur when the pressure differential across the seal just exceeds the initial (or static) peak contact stress. The contact stress behaviors that develop in compressed O-rings, in common case of restrained geometry (grooved), are investigated using the finite element method. The analysis includes material hyperelasticity and axisymmetry. The computed FEM results show that the contact stress behaviors are related to a compression rate and a temperature gradient between the vacuum chamber with a groove and the contacting plate with a cooling jacket.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.10 no.5
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• pp.661-669
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• 1986

In this study, the resistance spot welding process of an aluminum alloy was analyzed through the numerical simulation including the electric contact resistance and the heat generation in the electrode. The finite element model was used to solve the electro-thermal responses in weld cycles. The resistance of the contact area was represented as the contact element modeling, but the thermal resistance between the contact surfaces was neglected. Welding tests of Alclad 2024-T3 aluminum alloy were made not only to get the input data for the numerical simulation, but also to compare the numerical results. The contact resistance was determined initially by the contact resistance tests and assumed to decay exponentially up to the solidus temperature. The temperature distributions and dynamic resistance obtained numerically were in good agreement with the experimental results. Numerical results revealed that nugget growth depends mainly on the heat generated in the workpiece and its contact area. The heat generated in the electrode has, however, only a little effect on the nugget growth, and the heat generation in the electrode-workpiece interface is initially high but decrease repidly.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.306-312
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• 1999

In the recent sheet metal forming simulations, it increases to adopt the dynamic explicit method for an effective computation and the elastoplastic formulation for stress recovery. It is inevitable in the dynamic explicit method that some noises occur, which sometimes partly spoil results of simulations. This phenomenon becomes severer when complicate contact conditions are included in simulations. In commercial dynamic codes, the concept of contact damping is introduced. However, the formulation process of it is not revealed well. In this paper, a contact damping method is formulated in order for effectively suppressing noises occurring due to complicated contact conditions. This is checked by analyzing a simple sheet metal stamping process (U-draw bending). From the computational results, it is shown that the contact damping can effectively control the noises due to contacts, especially when considering the sheet thickness, and help to develop more reliable internal stress states, which result in more realistic shapes after springbank.

• Transactions of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering
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• v.24 no.10
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• pp.749-755
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• 2014

The analytical-finite element(FE) squeal model is applied to investigate the squeal propensity associated with contact stiffness of the disc brake system. The system contact stiffness is incorporated into the perturbed equations of motion in the analytical manner where the brake components are modeled by FE method. The results show that the contact stiffness of the friction material and the contact stiffness between the pads and caliper are the influential factors on the squeal propensity. Particularly, the modal instability of the 3200 Hz squeal mode drastically changes with respect to the contact stiffness between the pads and caliper.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Technology Engineers
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• v.23 no.5
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• pp.478-484
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• 2014

Ultrasonic atomic force microscopy(Ultrasonic-AFM) can be used to obtain images of the elastic properties of a subsurface and to evaluate the elastic properties by measuring the contact resonance frequency. When a tip is in contact with the sample, it is necessary to understand the cantilever behavior and the tip-sample interaction for the quantitative and reliable analysis. Therefore, precise analysis models that can accurately simulate the tip-sample contact are required; these can serve as good references for predicting the contact resonance frequency. In this study, modal analyses of the first four modes were performed to calculate the contact resonance frequency by using a spring model, and the deformed shapes of the cantilever were visualized at each mode. We presented the contact characteristics of the cantilever with a variety of contact conditions by applying the contact area, contact material thickness, and material properties as the parameters for the FEM analysis.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.23 no.11 s.188
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• pp.126-134
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• 2006

In this study, the effect of stem-end design on contact pressure and stress distribution in revision TKR was investigated using finite element method. The finite element model of tibia, including the cortical bone, the cancellous bone and canal, was developed based on CT images. The implant models with various stem lengths, diameters, friction coefficients, and press-fit effects were considered. The results showed that the longer stem length, the stronger press-fit, the bigger stem diameter, and the higher friction coefficient increased both peak contact pressure and Von-Mises stress distributions. The results supported the clinical hypothesis that peak contact pressure and stress are related to the stem end pain. The results of this study will be useful to design the stem and reduce the end-of-stem pain in revision TKR.

• KSTLE International Journal
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.12-16
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• 2001

A finite element analysis of crack propagation in a half-space due to sliding contact was performed. The sliding contact was simulated by a rigid asperity moving across the surface of an elastic half-surface containing single and multiple cracks. Single, coplanar, and parallel cracks were modeled to investigate the interaction effects on the crack growth in contact fatigue. The analysis was based on linear elastic fracture mechanics and the stress intensity factor concept. The crack propagation direction was predicted based on the maximum range of the shear and tensile stress intensity factors.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Tribologists and Lubrication Engineers Conference
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• 2001.11a
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• pp.350-355
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• 2001

Minimum clearance between the piston seal groove of a piston and cylinder bore to ensure against extrusion of the piston seal and leakage of working fluids is an important design parameter for a seal designer in hydraulic cylinder application. Contact force, critical pressure at which extrusion occurs, leakage rate, fluid film thickness and friction force have been analyzed for some design parameter such as clearance between cylinder wall piston, depth of rectangular groove and pressure of sealed hydraulic fluid. In this paper, we analyze displacement and stress of ACGT seal by finite element analysis to understand Contact Behaviour Characters

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.609-628
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• 2003

Mechanical anchorage devices are generally tested in the laboratory and may be analyzed using the finite element method. These devices are composed of many components interacting through diverse contact interfaces. Generally, a Coulomb friction law is sufficient to take into account friction between smooth surfaces. However, in the case of mechanical anchorages, a gripping system, named herein the wedge-tendon system, is used to anchor the prestressing tendon. The wedge inner surface is made of a series of triangular notches designed to grip the tendon. In this particular case, the Coulomb law is not adapted to simulate the contact interface. The present paper deals with a new constitutive contact/gripping law to simulate the gripping effect. A parameter identification procedure, based on experimental results as well as on a finite element/neural network approach, is presented. It is demonstrated that all parameters have been selected in a satisfactory way and that the proposed constitutive law is well adapted to simulate the wedge gripping effect taking place in a mechanical anchorage device.

• Transactions of Materials Processing
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.344-349
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• 2011

Variation of contact pressure causes change of friction coefficient, which in turn changes stress distribution in the sheet being formed and final springback. In the present study, U-draw bending experiments were carried out under constant blank holding force(BHF) and different blank sizes, and finite element analysis was conducted with and without considering contact pressure effect on friction. When the BHF was sufficiently high, the degree of springback was different between constant blank holding pressure condition and that with varying blank holding pressure. Finite element analysis considering the influence of contact pressure effect on friction could explain the occurrence of springback.