• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.32 no.2
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• pp.89-97
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• 2019

In this paper, quality properties and antioxidant capacity of cooked black carrot has been studied. Five different cooking methods have been applied: microwave (45 sec), boiling ($100^{\circ}C$, 14 min), steaming ($100^{\circ}C$, 20 min), sous vide ($75^{\circ}C$, 80 min), sous-vide ($95^{\circ}C$, 30 min). The color value was slightly different (p<0.05), the boiling method was the highest in L-value and Sous vide $75^{\circ}C$ method was the lowest. The steaming method indicated the highest a-value at 5.50. The b-value was significantly different between the samples (p<0.05). The microwave method was the highest at 3.49 while the sous vide $95^{\circ}C$ method was the lowest at -0.34. No significant difference was observed between the samples when only the moisture content results were considered. The highest pH was observed in samples cooked using the boiling method. The softening (%) was higher when the cooking water was in contact with samples and it was dependent on the temperatures. In addition, this study shows that not only temperature but also cooking time and cooking media are very crucial in the preparation and cooking of black carrot to prevent the loss of the antioxidant compound. In conclusion, the comparison of the quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of black carrots indicated that the most appropriate cooking method is sous-vide method.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2014.05a
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• pp.465-468
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• 2014

In this paper, we describe a method capable of measuring biological signals including respiration, heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar, using UWB (Ultra Wide Band) pulses, while does not contact the human body. Physiological signal is a basic data for checking the health. Because life is longer and active area of human becomes very broad, the medical system and the physical human resources which are focused on existing hospital must be located close patient, In that way, they hope be to engage in healthy life by stepping a quick step and treatment. Thus, it must be fitted closely to the patient. It is necessary to monitor the health without inconvenience on an ongoing basis. How to utilize radio waves in this way have been studied for a long time. However, the characteristics of radio waves on the human body has not been accurately grasped and developed as such. Accordingly, it is a level that can not be applied clinically. So, it is not widely put to practical use. In this paper, We analyzed and described the impact and characteristics of UWB pulses to the human body is a problem existing.

• Tribology and Lubricants
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.158-168
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• 2019

This paper presents the investigation of two types of rotordynamic modeling issues for 2.2 kW-class, rated speed of 1,800 rpm, squirrel-cage type induction motors. These issues include the lamination structure of rotor cores, and the radial clearance of ball bearings that support the shaft of the motor. Firstly, we focus on identifying the effects of rotor core lamination on the rotordynamic analysis via a 2D prediction model. The influence of lamination is considered as the change in the elastic modulus of the rotor core, which is determined by a modification factor ranging from 0 to 1.0. The analysis results show that the unbalanced response of the rotor-bearing system significantly varies depending on the value of the modification factor. Through modal testing of the system, the modification factor of 0.079 is proven to be appropriate to consider the effects of lamination. Next, we investigate the influence of ball bearing clearance on the rotordynamic analysis by establishing a bearing analysis model based on Hertz's contact theory. The analysis results indicate that negative clearance greatly changes the bearing static behavior. Rotordynamic analysis using predicted bearing stiffness with various clearances from -0.005 mm to 0.010 mm reveals that variations in clearance result in a slight difference in the displacement of the system up to 18.18. Thus, considering lamination in rotordynamic analysis is necessary as it can cause serious analysis errors in unbalanced response. However, considering the effect of the bearing clearance is optional because of its relatively weak impact.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.65-72
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• 2019

In long freight trains, there is a brake time delay in neighboring freight cars, which causes damage and fractures in the couplers, especially at their knuckle. A problem in the couplers of the cars can cause derailment and damages of human life and property. In this study, maximum forces on the couplers are studied when a long freight car brakes with the brake delay time and coupler gap. We make a dynamic model of 50 freight cars and couplers, applying contact between the couplers and a characteristic curve to express the force and displacement of the buffers using SIMPACK, which is a multi-body dynamics program. We use EN 14531-2, which is a standard of freight car brakes, to verify the dynamic model. Then, we compare the analyzed impact force with the coupler knuckle standard after applying the two carriages of a locomotive in the model based on the dispersed double head control system. The result shows that all coupler gap conditions satisfy the infinite lifetime of the material when the brake delay time is 0.1 second.

• Journal of the Architectural Institute of Korea Planning & Design
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.3-12
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• 2019

Since offline contact becomes a strong differentiator as online market expands, the shopping mall calls for more complex and diverse tenant combinations and deployment plan strategies. There is, however, few practical research and causal verification of Tenant Mix, i.e., the combination and placement of tenant and users' behavior, has been conducted which is a key factor in spatial configuration. In practice, Tenant Mix is limited in prediction of consumption behavior of customers by the MD planners's experience and depends only on qualitative arbitrary plan. The purpose of this study is to find out the interrelationship between the spatial configuration and the users' behavior of Tenant Mix in shopping mall, and to present an objective basis in MD planning. According to the analysis, it was possible to know that there are differences in the relationship between the spatial configuration and the users' behavior dependent on the Tenant Mix, which is the space planning of shopping mall. It was also possible to find out the characteristics and differences in the users' behavior which is dependent on the spatial configuration for each tenant. Through this study, it was possible to know the impact of space organization on the users' behavior and the interrelationship between the use's behavior and spatial configuration by tenant together with their characteristics. We prove that the current MD planning has limitation due to lack of objective research on the combination and arrangement of space in the commercial space and only done empirically. This analysis can show the practical plan of combination and placement of tenant which is emphasized in complex and larger shopping malls, and contribute to the revitalization of shopping mall by better use of tenant.

• KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.15-28
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• 2021

As the social distance has been strengthened by the COVID-19 Pandemics, telecommuting has spread, and government agencies have also begun telecommuting since March and are still maintaining a certain level. The Government's remote work service, Government Virtual Private Network (GVPN), which is essential to telecommuting of government agencies, is expected to cause a number of problems with the rapid increase in users in a short period of time. Therefore, a survey and statistical analysis were conducted to analyze the impact of the quality factors of GVPN on the users' satisfaction to the public officials of the government departments who are directly using it, and based on these results, we intend to derive the implications necessary for the improvement of GVPN for remote work in preparation for the full-fledged spread of the non-contact era.

• Membrane and Water Treatment
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2021

The Commercial polymeric membranes like Polysulfone (PSF), Polyvinylidene difluoride (PVDF) and Polyacrylonitrile (PAN) which are an integral part of water purification investigation were chosen for the shockwave (SW) exposure experiment. These membranes were prepared by blending polymer (wt. %) / DMF (solvent) followed by phase-inversion casting technique. Shockwaves are generated by using Reddy Tube lab module (Table-top Shocktube) with range of pressure (1.5, 2.5 and 5 bar). Understanding the changes in membrane before and after shock wave treatment by parameters, i.e., pure water flux (PWF), rejection (%), porosity, surface roughness (AFM), morphology (SEM) and contact angle which can significantly affect the membrane's performance. Flux values PSf membranes shows increase, 465 (pristine) to 524 (1.5wt%) LMH at 50 Psi pressure and similar enhancement was observed at 100Psi (625 to 696 LMH). Porosity also shows improvement from 73.6% to 76.84% for 15wt% PSf membranes. It was observed that membranes made of polymers such as PAN and PSF (of high w/w %) exhibits some resistance against shockwaves impact and are stable compared to other membranes. Shockwave pressure of up to 1.5 bar was sufficient enough to change properties which are crucial for performance. Membranes exposed to a maximum pressure of 5 bar completely scratched the surface and with minimum pressure of 1.5bar is optimum enough to improve the water flux and other parameters. Initial results proved that SW may be suitable alternative route to minimize/control membrane fouling and improve efficiency.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.54 no.6
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• pp.2230-2243
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• 2022

The tin tailing processing industry in Malaysia has operated with minimal regard and awareness for material management and working environment safety, impacting the environment and workers in aspects of radiation and heavy metal exposure. RIA was conducted where environmental samples were analyzed, revealing concentrations of ²²⁶Ra, ²³²Th and ⁴⁰K between the range of 0.1-10.0, 0.0-25.7, and 0.1-5.8 Bq/g respectively, resulting in the AED exceeding UNCEAR recommended value and regulation limit enforced by AELB (1 mSv/y). Ra_eq calculated indicates that samples collected pose a significant threat to human health from gamma-ray exposure. Assessment of heavy metal content via pollution indices of soil and sediment showed significant contamination and enrichment from processing activities conducted. As and Fe were two of the highest metals exposed both via soil ingestion with an average of 4.6 × 10^-3 mg/kg-day and 1.4 × 10^-4 mg/kg-day, and dermal contact with an average of 5.6 × 10^-4 mg/kg-day and 6.0 × 10^-4. mg/kg-day respectively. Exposure via accidental ingestion of soil and sediment could potentially cause adverse non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health effect towards workers in the industry. Correlation analysis indicates the presence of a relationship between the concentration of NORM and trace elements.

• Earthquakes and Structures
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.625-635
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• 2022

High-rise buildings (HRBs) are considered one of the most common structures nowadays due to the population growth, especially in crowded towns. The lack of land in crowded cities has led to the convergence of the HRBs and the absence of any gaps between them, especially in lands with weak soil (e.g., liquefaction-prone soil), but then during earthquakes, these structures may be exposed to the risk of collision between them due to the large increase in the horizontal displacements, which may be destructive in some cases to the one or both of these adjacent buildings. To evaluate methods of reducing the risk of collision between adjacent twin HRBs, this research investigates three vibration control methods to reduce the risk of collision due to five different earthquakes for the case of two adjacent reinforced concrete (RC) twin high-rise buildings of 15 floors height without gap distance between them, founded on raft foundation supported on piles inside a liquefaction-prone soil. Contact pounding elements between the two buildings (distributed at all floor levels and at the raft foundation level) are used to make the impact strength between the two buildings realistic. The mitigation methods investigated are the base isolation, the tuned mass damper (TMD) method (using traditional TMDs), and the pounding tuned mass damper (PTMD) method (using PTMDs connected between the two buildings). The results show that the PTMD method between the two adjacent RC twin high-rise buildings is more efficient than the other two methods in mitigating the earthquake-induced pounding risk.

• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.42
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• pp.16.1-16.8
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• 2020

Background: Cyst enucleation, which extracts only the tumor with the application of Carnoy's solution (CS), has been suggested as a conservative treatment with a low recurrence rate and morbidity. However, there has been a concern that CS's contact with inferior alveolar nerve (IAN) can cause neurons to degenerate and cause sensory dysfunction. The purpose of this retrospective cohort study aimed to investigate the neurosensory function after surgical treatment with or without the application of CS. Methods: While controlling the effects of sex, age, follow-up period, and invasion size of the tumor, we performed the binary logistic regression analysis to examine whether or not the sensory function of the patients who were treated with CS (n = 19) for the cyst enucleation procedure was significantly different from those who were not treated with CS (n = 58) at the end of the follow-up period. Results: The logistic regression result showed that the use of CS was not significantly related to the normalness of sensory function at the end of the follow-up period. Rather, the invasion size of the cyst was significantly associated with sensory dysfunction. Conclusions: CS may be used for patients who are diagnosed with OKC and UAM without much fear of its impact on sensory dysfunction. However, a small number of patients who were treated with CS experienced severe sensory damage and did not recover at the end of the follow-up period, suggesting the need for further analysis of these patients.