• Culinary science and hospitality research
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.183-198
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• 2014

This study aims to suggest useful information for tteokbokki franchise businesses to enter foreign markets by market testing and surveying preferences of foreign consumers with various kinds of tteokbokki. For this research, a survey was conducted from July 16 to August 20, 2012, targeting the people who live in Beijing, Tokyo, Singapore. The data was collected and analyzed using SPSS for Windows Version 18.0. The relationship between the general details of consumers and the results of the market test were analyzed using canonical correlation analysis. Research results and utilization plans are expected to use for improving the image of the country and ripple effects on exporting agricultural and fishery products, along with the effect of increasing spread of overseas personnel export and domestic Korean overseas supply of cultural content. Nurturing restaurant franchise business, creating jobs, and contributing to the increase in the income of the rural economy are also expected. Fermented tteokbokki franchise business should create new added value. The development of fermented tteokbokki will build a new culture of consumption, expand consumption, academic cooperation and joint technology development, and activate employment linked. Consequently, it is necessary to understand eating habits of local consumers from a variety of perspectives such as texture, taste, and colors of sauce when globalizing Korean food.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.20 no.5
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• pp.303-317
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• 2020

As the penetration rate of smart phones has spread and functions have been developed variously, a new advertising medium called mobile advertising has emerged. In addition, various mobile advertisements targeting teenagers, where most of their daily lives are conducted using smartphones, have been activated. Adolescents in the modern society called Generation Z have the longest time to use a smartphone among age groups. Even during the economic downturn, adolescent consumers are an important consumer group that can overcome the economic recession, so mobile advertisements targeting their purchasing power are being created like a flood. Therefore, in this study, the influence of mobile advertisement characteristics and personal characteristics on purchasing attitudes for adolescents using smartphones was identified, and how this was linked to purchasing behavior again. To conduct the research, a survey was conducted on 324 high school students using smartphones, and the results are as follows: First, the higher the recognition of convenience in mobile advertising characteristics and brand preferences, the higher the brand preference. Characteristics and brand trust had a positive effect on acceptance as the awareness of convenience, information, and entertainment increased. Third, the influence of adolescents' personal characteristics on purchasing attitudes had a positive effect on brand preferences by pursuit of fashion, pursuit of personality, and practical pursuit. Fourth, as a result of analyzing the relationship between purchase attitude and purchase behavior, it was verified that brand preference and brand trust among purchase attitude have a positive influence on purchase behavior. This study has significance in that it has grasped the influence of mobile advertising on purchasing behavior among teenagers who are rapidly growing as mobile consumers.

• Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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• v.10 no.3
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• pp.1-13
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• 2008

The purpose of this research is to study the cause of obstruction in various knit pattern structures by understanding the needs of the customers, and to develop knitted fabric goods that satisfy the individual taste of consumers and that reflecting the latest fashions. Actual conditions of the manufacturer's designing processes must be examined. In addition, a comparison analysis of fashion sensibilities and preferences between producers and consumers had been made in order to study developing knit pattern structures. Questionnaires and interviews had been used as research methods. The research involved two groups: one group consisted of 57 producers, which included designers, programmers, and merchandisers working for a knit manufacturer in Seoul, while the other group consisted of 74 consumers, which included students with knitted fabric design as their major and those who have working knowledge of knitted fabrics. For a more accurate evaluation, 28 out of 150 patterns have been selected through a preliminary study conducted by 24 designers. On the 28 knit patterns, a sensibility evaluation had been made through the use of the sense of sight and sense of touch, which was followed by a frequency analysis, cluster analysis, and t-test using SPSS 12.0. The results are as follows: the fashion sensibility evaluation on knit patterns showed that structures, such as racking II or lace II, are typically elegant ('elegance'), while structures, such as links I or racking I, are typically 'active.' Furthermore, a 'country' image was displayed in structures such as cable I, cable II, and miss II. Links I appeared as 'sophisticated'. Miss I and milano were said to have 'modem' images. Lace II was regarded as 'ethnic', while racking II was said to have a 'romantic' image. 2:1 rib and milano were generally thought to be manly ('manish'). The fashion sensibility scale for each knit pattern has been made based on the above results. Based on producer and consumer responses, the sensibility evaluation on knit pattern structures showed that the two groups had similar preferences in knit pattern structures. Therefore, the fashion sensibility scale developed in this study can be used as a basic data for structure development when designing knitted fabric goods.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.537-544
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• 2020

Beef consumption trends are changing according to consumer needs and preferences. This study was conducted to collect the fundamental information by investigating the consumer's preference and purchase propensity of beef(Hanwoo beef) for improvement of Korean beef grading system. Consumers were recruited from Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, and 5 metropolitan cities, and surveyed from July 24 ~ August 14, 2017. The data obtained from 362 consumers were finally selected for the verification process. Results from the Hierarchical Regression Analysis reveal that the increased purchasing frequency is positively correlated with the following factors, in the consumer group showing preference in the Quality Grade (QG) of beef: marbling type 1QG, fat color 1⁺QG, and income, grade opinion, marbling contents and type 1⁺⁺QG. Conversely, no factor affected the increased purchasing frequency in the consumer group having no preferred QG for beef (p>0.05). Our study determined significant differences in the factors affecting increased purchase frequency of beef among the different groups, classified depending on their preferred QG. The grading system is important since it directly correlates with profit for livestock farmers and the industry. We therefore propose that the grading criteria need to be revised reasonably but scientifically, considering various opinions of the producers and consumers.

• Journal of Distribution Science
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• v.11 no.10
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• pp.5-15
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• 2013

Purpose - With the increase in fervor to purchase luxury brands, new social problems have arisen, such as excessive preoccupation with luxury brands and high preference for forged luxury goods. Therefore, the issues related to luxury brands, termed "Luxury Syndrome," have emerged as an area of great interest for researchers and practitioners. However, previous studies neglect to categorize this preference for luxury brands. Therefore, this study aims to identify the different purchasing behaviors of consumers using the types of luxury brands preferences as parameters. Research design, data, and methodology - This study arranges a causal relationship model assuming that purchase behaviors positively (+) affect typified preference for luxury brands and purchase intentions. We administered a questionnaire survey to the purchasers who bought luxury brands from department stores to secure additional data necessary to verify the hypotheses in this study. We then processed the data using SPSS 19.0. We further analyzed the basic data using frequency and descriptive statistical analysis, and verified the measurement tools through feasibility and reliability analyses. Moreover, this study uses multiple regression analysis to verify the hypotheses. Further, this study tests the path effect between luxury brand purchase attitude and purchase behavior, with non-intrinsic preference and intrinsic preference as the mediating variables. Results - Based on the results, the impact of tendencies of conspicuous consumption and self-monitoring on non-intrinsic preference was significantly positive (+), while the impact of tendencies of pursuit of a reference group, conspicuous consumption, and self-monitoring on intrinsic preference and purchase intentions was significantly positive (+). Further, non-intrinsic and intrinsic preferences positively (+) influence purchase intentions and the impact of non-intrinsic preference took an absolute portion. However, the tendency of dependence on brands negatively (-) impacts purchase intentions. The results showed that self-monitoring and conspicuous consumption tendencies have greater effect on purchase intention, which is mediated by non-intrinsic preference. In contrast, reference group following tendency has a greater effect on purchase intention, which is mediated by intrinsic preference. Conclusions - Based on the results, the study verifies that the consumption of luxury brands in Korea has not yet entered the settling period. The tendency for conspicuous consumption and the tendency for pursuit of the reference group were relatively important aspects for the consumers who prefer luxury brands non-intrinsically and intrinsically, respectively. Especially, it was found that the purchase intentions for forged brands originate from the tendency to depend on brands. Based on these findings, this study suggests the measures to develop and mature the luxury brands market, and reinforce marketing performance at the three levels, that is, government, distributors, and manufacturers. The luxury brands manufacturers should devote themselves to the production and design of products to catch the attention of mature consumers of luxury brands. The luxury brands distributors should then raise the level of Customer Relationship Management (CRM) for opinion leaders. Finally, the Government should prepare effective policies for the development of luxury brands and provide a variety of economic support.

• Review of Culture and Economy
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.3-33
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• 2017

The present study analyzed movie consumption behavior from the perspective of transaction cost, taking into account the possible incurrence of additional costs in the process of consumers obtaining movie information to choose movies. Regression and multinomial logistic regression analyses were performed in the analysis by taking movie information and the individuals' social demographic characteristics as independent variables and the number and frequency of movies watched as dependent variables, using information from the "2015 movie consumer survey." The results showed that consumers considering elements such as "directors" and "online reviews" were found to be more active in movie consumption. The analysis of movie-watching frequency showed that the information considered when choosing a movie was different for high- and low-frequency movie viewers. Putting these factors together suggests that movie consumption can vary according to an individual's cultural capital, preferences, and their degree of movie information awareness. While existing studies have mostly analyzed the determinants of box office performance, the significance of the present study is its empirical analysis of individual movie information in terms of transaction cost. Based on the results above, it can be inferred that the cyclical structure of trading expenses influences movie consumption and, once preferences are formed through a certain level of consumption, the trading cost expenses decrease, which results in increasing consumption. Therefore, film makers need to establish and execute marketing strategies that appropriately use movie information so that consumers can reduce the trading costs necessary for movie watching.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.272-281
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• 2000

The purpose of this study is to provide for the basic data useful to the effective production. For this purpose, 180 Korean mothers who bring up from newborns to four-year-old babies were sampled to survey the problems on size occurred by wearing and purchasing the Infants'Wear and positively identify the factors affecting the fitness. Data is processed by a computer(SAS) and analyzed by using frequency, perentage, mean, χ²-test, Duncan-test. The main results of this study are as follows ; 1. Consumers'awareness of sizing system of Infant's wear tent to present relatively high and tend to purchase their infants'wear larger than actual sizes or that consumers'preferences depend little on size adaptation. 2. As a result of analyzing the part not fit, neck circumference, waist circumference, total length, neck back-waist length is short, sleeve length, pants length, shoulder length is big. In all, it has been found through this study that fitness and awareness of sizing system of Infant's Wear in purchasing infants'wear was influenced by many external factors. Therefore, in order to maximize the size adaptability for infants, Infants'Wear must be present the reasonable sizes and specifications for infants'wear in consideration of domestic and foreign specifications and infants'health condition.

• International Journal of Costume and Fashion
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• v.4
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• pp.47-61
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• 2004

This study analyzed the buying patterns of American and Korean female college students in terms of criteria for clothing selection； store preferences； criteria for store selection； fashion information sources； expressions of customer dissatisfaction； purchasing frequency and motivations for purchasing clothes. The study was implemented through self-administered questionnaires which were back translated for validity. The samples consisted of 730 female college students majoring in the fields related to clothing and textiles： 310 U.S. and 412 Korean students. Likert scales were used for most measures with 1＝never or very unimportant and 5＝always or very important. Data were analyzed by factor analysis, analysis of covariance, Duncans multiple comparison, and t-test. Results are as follows： 1) Design factor was the most important criteria in clothing selection with no differences between country groups. There were, however, significant differences for psychological exhibition factors, practical and economic factors. 2) Both groups preferred specialty and department stores, with department stores more popular in Korea. 3) Merchandise was the most important store selection criterion and fashion magazines and self-experience were rated as the most important information sources for the both groups. 4) Korean group expressed their dissatisfaction with and observable problem with a product before purchase more often than U.S. group, but the U.S. group was more vocal about color loss or shrinkage after care procedures. 5) Some clear differences between the two countries emerged. Marketers targeting American consumers should pay more attention to practicality and service； to Korean consumers more symbolic meaning of products.

• Fashion & Textile Research Journal
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• v.15 no.4
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• pp.642-648
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• 2013

This study investigates the changes inconsumer sensibility and product preferences according to theirecofriendly productperceptions. Stimulants (released by three companies of sport casual brands)include three shirts made of recycled polyester and three made of organic cotton. A surveymethod was used to respond to the emotion and image while watching the presented pictures of the clothes. The change in the reactions was analyzed before and after the presentation of eco-friendliness information. The questionnaire consists of sensibility adjectives, open-ended questions about the associated image of eco-friendliness, color attractiveness, product favorability, price satisfaction, and reasons for an eco-friendly productpurchase. The survey was conducted on 200adult male and female participants. Two factors ('eco' and 'design')were identifiedthrough the factor analysis of image adjectives. There was a statistically significant increase in the evaluation of sensibility, color attractiveness, product favorability, and price satisfactiondue to the re-evaluation of the same products after consumers recognized the eco-friendly information of apparel products. When consumers recognize products aseco-friendly, they evaluate the products more positively than before. The result of the analysis of the increases by textile materials shows no significant difference in the sensibility changes depending on the materials. However, with regard to 'eco', the increase of sensibility change for organic cotton products was larger than for recycled polyester products.

• Asian Journal of Innovation and Policy
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.338-363
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• 2018

Mobile marketing is a brand new phenomenon. In Malaysia, marketeers do not seem to understand well enough the perceptions of consumers according to mobile marketing, especially to the mobile service users. This study analyses and evaluates any significant relationship between consumer perceptions and intentions with respect to mobile marketing, and seeks to determine the expectations, preferences, pattern and usage of the consumers of Mobile Marketing Product and Service (MMP&S). The data was obtained by convenience sampling in the big cities of Malaysia. A total of 500 questionnaires were distributed and a sample of 112 usable questionnaires was selected. The result of this research applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) point to the fact that perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived innovative, social influence have a direct positive relationship with the intention to use mobile marketing. This, in turn, can shed light on the main factors determining consumer intentions to use mobile marketing that may control consumer adoption of mobile marketing.