• Title/Summary/Keyword: Consumer Animosity

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Consumer Animosity to Foreign Product Purchase: Evidence from Korean Export to China

  • Kim, Jin-Hee;Kim, Myung Suk
    • Journal of Korea Trade
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    • v.24 no.6
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    • pp.61-81
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    • 2020
  • Purpose - This paper examines how the consumer animosity of partner country influences the purchase of foreign products. We analyzed news sentiment to determine whether Chinese consumer's animosity affect the purchase of the products made in Korea around the time when the U.S. Terminal High Altitude Area Defense missile system was deployed in South Korea. Design/methodology - To measure the tone of Chinese consumer animosity more carefully, we utilized a text mining technique of the Chinese language to read the public's opinion. Using Chinese news paper's editorials of 2015.1-2018.10, we analyzed the sentiment toward Korea and regressed it with Korean export to China. Findings - Empirical results report that Chinese consumers tended to reduce their purchase of consumer goods from Korea when the animosity increased, that is, the sentiments of Chinese news editorials were negative. In contrast, the animosity did not affect the purchase of Korean intermediates or raw materials. We further analyzed the effect by dividing the animosity into three categories; politics, economics, and culture. Among these groups, political news exhibits a unique effect on Chinese purchase on consumer goods from Korea. Originality/value - Existing literature on animosity models has measured the animosity by collecting the consumers' opinions through survey at a given time point, whereas it is measured by analyzing the tone of the press release by sentiment analysis during the time period around the event occurrence in this study.

The Effect of Animosity Type on Consumer Cognition and Consumption Behavior Direction : Based on the Moderating Role of Fear of Missing Out (국가간 적대감 유형이 소비자 인지와 소비행동 방향에 미치는 영향 : 고립공포감의 조절효과를 중심으로)

  • Il-Hwan Ma
    • Korea Trade Review
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    • v.47 no.5
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    • pp.321-336
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    • 2022
  • The purpose of this study aims to investigate how consumer awareness and purchasing behavior are affected by the type of animosity against the nation. This study classified animosity into three categories: sociocultural, economic, and war-based. Additionally, the consumer's cognition toward animosity was split into two categories-empathic concernt and personal distress-and the direction of consumption behavior was split into two categories-individual brand avoidance behavior and collective bandwagon behavior. The concept of Fear of Missing Out (FoMO) was introduced for the direction of consumption behavior, further validating the moderating impact. Structural equation modeling method was used to measure the general consumption behvior of Korean consumers' animosity. The results were analyzed using a total of 279 samples. As a result, animosity motivated by war and by economics had a substantial impact on empathic concern, while animosity motivated by socioculture had a significant impact on personal distress. Personal distress had a good impact on an individual's brand antipathy behavior, which in turn led to brand dislike and avoidance. Empathic concern also had a positive impact on the phenomena of group sympathy, which leads to identification of conduct and social conformity. Also, it was proven that the group that had a high level of FoMO reacted strongly to the phenomenon of group collective behavior.

The Effect of Situational Consumer Animosity on Consumer Attitudes and Behavior-Focused on the Moderating Effect of Cultural Internalization (상황적 소비자 적대감이 소비자 태도 및 행동에 미치는 영향-문화 내재화의 조절효과를 중심으로)

  • Seongju Bae;Myung-Su Chae
    • Korea Trade Review
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    • v.47 no.3
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    • pp.111-128
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    • 2022
  • This study tried to verify the effect of situational consumer animosity on consumer attitudes and behaviors with the moderating effect of cultural internalization. For this purpose, 460 valid survey data were collected from Koreans. The causal and regulatory relationships between the variables were analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis and structural model analysis using AMOS with the collected data. It was confirmed that the national situational animosity had a negative effect on quality evaluation, while personal situational animosity did not. Also, the positive relationship between quality evaluation and purchase intention was confirmed. In addition, it was found that internalization of individual culture moderates the effect of quality evaluation on purchase intention.

A study of consumer ethnocentrism and animosity about visual arts products: Response of Chinese consumers to Korean products (시각예술제품에 대한 소비자 자민족중심주의와 적대감 관련 연구: 한국 제품에 대한 중국 소비자의 반응)

  • Jin, Cheng;Cui, Yu Hua
    • Journal of the Korea Fashion and Costume Design Association
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    • v.22 no.4
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    • pp.79-91
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    • 2020
  • This research aims to study the effect of consumer ethnocentrism and animosity towards the purchase of Korean visual arts products by Chinese consumers. Total of 302 questionnaires were distributed for measuring the constructs using the online survey website (www.sojump.com). All the questionnaires were validated and tested for further statistical analysis through exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and later a confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using SPSS 22.0 and AMOS 22.0 statistical systems. In addition, structural equation modeling technique (SEM) was applied for testing the hypotheses. Among all variables, consumer ethnocentrism plays the most negatively significant role, followed by animosity toward buying Korean products. Fortunately, there is a positive variable, cosmopolitanism, that can help mitigate the impact of this hostility, and more interesting results are described in detail in the current paper. This study has been added value between theory and practice exploring ethnocentrism and animosity effects, and more theoretical and managerial implications are discussed.

Effects of Chinese Consumers' Ethnocentrism and Animosity on Brand Attitude (중국 소비자의 자민족중심주의와 적대감이 패션 브랜드 태도에 미치는 영향)

  • Cui, Yu Hua;Choo, Ho Jung
    • Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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    • v.37 no.7
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    • pp.894-906
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    • 2013
  • The Chinese fashion market is a fierce battlefield for foreign brands and domestic brands. This research carefully analyzed several effects based on theories related to the country of origin for brands and consumer attitudes. All data were collected by a questionnaire distributed to Chinese consumers who have experienced global fashion brands. Data collection was conducted in March 2011. A total of 382 complete responses were used for the analysis. The results were as follows: First, for Chinese brands, there was a direct consumer ethnocentrism (CET) effect on brand attitudes. Second, CET showed no effect for European brands; however, conspicuous consumption had a significant positive influence. Third, there existed direct effects of CET and economic animosity on brand attitudes for brands from an unfriendly country. There was a positive moderating effect of conspicuous consumption on the association between CET and Japanese brand attitudes; in addition, a negative situation perception aggravates the negative relationship between economic animosity and Japanese brand attitudes. The results of the study can help marketers obtain more specific knowledge of brand attitudes for target consumer groups as well as enable them to plan and implement well-suited strategies for fashion businesses in China.

How do Korean Customers Respond to Japanese Retailers?

  • Cho, Young-Sang;Chung, Ji-Bok;Kim, Su-Am;Lee, Kwang-Keun
    • Journal of Distribution Science
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    • v.16 no.9
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    • pp.5-11
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    • 2018
  • Purpose - In recent, Japanese retailers have expanded their business into Korea, although Korean customers have anti-Japan sentiment in their mind, It is, thus, necessary to investigate how Korean customers react to Japanese retailers, when selecting a shopping place. Research design, data, and methodology - The authors have developed a research model with five hypotheses, based on the literature review process, and used confirmative factor analysis(CFA) as well as a structural equation model(SEM) as a research technique, in order to verify hypotheses. Results - All of hypotheses are accepted. Anti-Japan sentiment significantly influences consumer ethnocentrism and animosity. Interestingly, consumer ethnocentricity affects the formation process of animosity. Rather than ethnocentrism, animosity relatively influences customer attitudes towards Japanese retailers, when Korean customers choose a retailer. Conclusions - The authors found that anti-Japan sentiment has significantly affected Korean customer attitudes. In order for Japanese retailers to increase their market shares in the Korean market, they have to make a significant effort to alleviate the degree of anti-Japan sentiment, together with Japanese government. In contrast with research findings, Japanese retailers have done their business very well in Korea. Considering that Japanese retailers target younger customers in Korea, demographic elements should be involved in the future research.

A Study on the Consumer Ethnocentrism, Animosity and Product Judgment Effect on Foreign Products Purchase Intention : A Comparative Study between Korean and Japanese Electronic Products in China (소비자의 자민중심주의, 적대감 및 제품평가가 외국제품 구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 : 한국과 일본 전자제품 구매에 대한 중국소비자를 중심으로)

  • Jung, Sung-Hoon;Yuan, Wang Li
    • International Commerce and Information Review
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.185-206
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    • 2013
  • Recent studies validate the idea that consumer judgment of products can affect consumer purchase intentions. Consumers judge products based on product quality, after sales satisfaction, and other visible values, but consumers also judge products on country-of-origin image, brand image and such intangible values. In this paper, we will examine consumer ethnocentrism and animosity, which are frequently responsible for country-of-origin prejudices, because the offending (i.e. exporting) nation has engaged in economic, political, or even military activities that the consumer finds difficult to forgive. The results of the study show a positive effect of product judgment on consumer purchase intentions, but consumer ethnocentrism and animosity negatively affect product judgment and consumer purchase intentions of foreign products. In the Chinese market, ethnocentric Chinese consumers have negative perceptions of foreign products with negative intentions to buy them. Chinese consumers have strong animosity for Japanese products, which negatively affect product judgments and purchase intentions to buy; therefore, Japanese corporations should increase cooperation with Chinese corporations. Conversely, for Korean companies, product judgment primarily affects consumers' intentions to buy; consequently, Korean companies should improve their product quality, after-sales satisfaction, brand image and other tangible aspects to improve consumer judgment.

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The Effects of Country-Related Affect on Consumers' Purchase Intention: Focusing on the Moderating Roles of Market Entry Modes (국가 관련 감정이 소비자들의 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 해외진입방식의 조절효과를 중심으로)

  • Li, Wei;Oh, Han-Mo
    • Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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    • v.7 no.1
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    • pp.59-69
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    • 2016
  • An extensive body of research on the effects of country-of-origin has emerged in the international marketing and business literature streams. Nonetheless, extant studies do not satisfactorily demonstrate whether and how a foreign firm's choice of market entry mode influences consumers' purchase intentions of its product in country-related affect contexts. Using a survey and an experimental design, we aimed to provide evidence of the effects of the choice on consumers' evaluation and attitude of its product in an animosity context and in a national image context. Through the survey, we collected data regarding consumer animosity, national image, product evaluation, and product attitude from 185 university students and tested the hypotheses that consumer animosity and national image have effects on foreign product evaluation and attitude. The results of the survey research show that personal animosity has a negative effect on consumers' evaluation of foreign products and that a country's image regarding economics has positive effects on consumers' attitude toward foreign products as well as consumers' evaluation of foreign products. In the experimental design, we divided subjects into four groups and exposed them to several descriptions of hypothetical purchase situations. Conducting a 2 (market entry modes)${\times}2$ (country-of-origin) ANOVA, we tested the hypothesis that a market entry mode influences foreign product evaluation and attitude. The results of the experimental study reveal that in a high country-related product association (Germany), market entry modes have insignificant effects on foreign product evaluation and attitude. In addition, in a low country-related product association (China), international partnership has more positive effects on foreign product evaluation and attitude than does exporting.

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The Effects of Animosity toward Japan and Ethnocentrism on Product Satisfaction and Repurchase Intension (일본에 대한 원한과 자국중실주의가 제품만족 및 재구매의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구)

  • Lee, Gi-Soon;Lee, Hyung-Seok
    • Journal of Distribution Research
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    • v.10 no.4
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    • pp.69-87
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    • 2005
  • Recently, Japan's territorial claims over the Dokdo Islands and history distortion have provoked the national sentiment of the Koreans. These events make worse political and economic relations between two countries and carry out a demonstration urging a boycott of Japanese goods. This study examines the effects of Korean consumers' ethnocentrism and animosity toward Japan on the product satisfaction perceived after using the Japanese products and repurchase intention. The author hypothesize that animosity toward Japan will affect negatively repurchase intention and positively consumer ethnocentrism, and ethnocentrism will affect negatively product satisfaction as well as repurchase intention Covariance structural equation modeling supports the model and animosity has significant impacts on repurchase intention and consumer ethnocentrism respectively.

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Trust and Purchase Intention to made-in Korea Product caused by Chinese Consumers' Animosity and Ethnocentrism: focusing on the made-in Korea mobile phone (중국소비자의 적대감과 자민족중심주의가 한국산 제품 신뢰와 구매의도에 미치는 영향: 한국산 핸드폰을 중심으로)

  • Lee, You-Kyung
    • International Area Studies Review
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    • v.14 no.2
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    • pp.133-158
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    • 2010
  • This study investigate the impacts of chinese consumers' animosity and ethnocentrism on trust and purchase intention to made-in Korea product. This study's results are as follows. First, chinese consumers' animosity and ethnocentrism positively correlate one another. Second, chinese consumers' animosity negatively affect their trust and purchase intention to 'made-in Korea' products. Third, chinese consumers' ethnocentrism don't have any impact on their trust and purchase intention to 'made-in Korea' products. And lastly the trust to 'made-in Korea' products positively affect purchase intention. These findings have practical implications for the Korean firms and marketers marketing in China.